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Monitoring the Future

@mtfstudy.bsky.social
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Home of the Monitoring the Future study. monitoringthefuture.org #MTF #MonitoringtheFuture

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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 25/09/2026
Dr. Richard Miech from #MonitoringtheFuture, reflects on why teen marijuana use is at an all time low.
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 23/09/2026
Are you a researcher interested in using #MonitoringtheFuture data? We are committed to providing access to MTF data, including longitudinal data! For more info on data sets, visit the @nahdap.bsky.social data portal to start your MTF data journey: bit.ly/MTFdatasets @icpsr.bsky.social
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 28/08/2026
While an alleged cocaine ring at Penn State University has drawn national headlines, cocaine use among young adults has been decreasing over the last 5 years. @meganepatrick.bsky.social tells @npr.org the prevalence of cocaine use is about 5% in the last year myumi.ch/qww4E
There's been a decrease over the past five years of cocaine use among young adults in the U.S. The prevalence is about 5% in the past 12 months [of young adults who] used cocaine.

All Things Considered
August 24, 2026

Megan Patrick, Monitoring the Future, Survey Research Center
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Megan E. Patrick @meganepatrick.bsky.social · 25/08/2026
Recent data on cocaine use from the Monitoring the Future Longitudinal Panel Study (@mtfstudy.bsky.social) on @npr.org
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Institute for Social Research (ISR) - University of Michigan @umisr.bsky.social · 17/08/2026
Adult substance use patterns continue to shift. ISR researcher @meganepatrick.bsky.social and the @mtfstudy.bsky.social Longitudinal Panel Study found cannabis use near record highs in 2025, while cigarette smoking and several drinking measures remained low.
adult substance use patterns are shifting, with Monitoring the Future data showing cannabis use, nicotine vaping, and nicotine pouch use at or near high levels, while several measures of alcohol use among young adults and cigarette smoking are at relatively low levels; text identifies Megan Patrick as Research Professor, Institute for Social Research, Monitoring the Future; ISR logo appears at bottom right.
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 12/08/2026
“We have seen consistent trends in recent years with high levels of cannabis use, vaping and nicotine pouch use,” said @meganepatrick.bsky.social, research professor at @umisr.bsky.social and principal investigator of the #MonitoringtheFuture Longitudinal Panel Study. Learn more: myumi.ch/ww9qJ
myumi.ch
Cannabis, nicotine led US adult substance use trends in 2025
Adults in the United States reported cannabis use at or near record highs in 2025, reflecting a years-long climb.
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 07/08/2026
Using @mtfstudy.bsky.social panel study data, Yvonne Terry-McElrath & @meganepatrick.bsky.social find high-frequency cannabis use—medical or nonmedical—is associated with cannibus use disorder risk myumi.ch/RQmbm
myumi.ch
Cannabis use disorder risk among midlife adults reporting medical and nonmedical cannabis use, 2019–2024
High-frequency cannabis use is a key cannabis use disorder (CUD) risk factor that also is associated with medical (vs. nonmedical) use. This analysis …
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Institute for Social Research (ISR) - University of Michigan @umisr.bsky.social · 23/07/2026
New findings from U-M’s Monitoring the Future study show many teens underestimate fentanyl risk. More than half of eighth graders did not see great risk in trying fentanyl once or twice.
Infographic about teens underestimating fentanyl risk, with main headline Teens Underestimate Fentanyl Risk and key finding that 52% of eighth graders did not see great risk in trying fentanyl once or twice; supporting text reads New Monitoring the Future findings highlight the need for clearer prevention messaging; image shows teens standing in front of a yellow fence with graphics comparing perceived risk to actual danger, including a question mark, warning symbol, and red emergency light; ISR logo appears at bottom left.
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 16/07/2026
Using data from the 2025 @mtfstudy.bsky.social, Richard Miech, @meganepatrick.bsky.social, Justin Jager & Joy Bohyun Jang found that an appreciable portion of adolescents—particularly the younger ones—were not aware of the dangers of fentanyl use myumi.ch/VDMD2
myumi.ch
Perceived Risk of Fentanyl Use Among US Adolescents
This survey study reports on how US adolescents perceive risk related to different levels of fentanyl use.
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Institute for Social Research (ISR) - University of Michigan @umisr.bsky.social · 10/07/2026
New research from @mtfstudy.bsky.social finds most U.S. eighth graders underestimate the dangers of fentanyl use. “Raising awareness of the lethal dangers of fentanyl use among this age group is a key strategy to reduce these deaths,” says Richard Miech, PI of the study myumi.ch/Mp9qn
isr.umich.edu
Awareness gap: Teens underestimate fentanyl threat
ANN ARBOR—Most U.S. eighth graders underestimate the dangers of fentanyl use, according to a new University of Michigan study. More than half, about 52%, did not believe that experimental use of fenta...
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 19/06/2026
New research from #MonitoringtheFuture @meganepatrick.bsky.social in @ajpmonline.bsky.social shows adult nicotine pouch use increased in the U.S. from 2023-2024. High prevalence among adults who reported current or former smoking & vaping raises questions about the reasons for ⬆️ use. myumi.ch/QMryA
myumi.ch
Nicotine Pouch Use Among U.S. Adults in 2023 and 2024
Recent expansion of U.S. nicotine pouch marketing may increase nicotine pouch use. This study estimated U.S. adult pouch use during 2023–2024 overall …
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Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs @jsadjournal.bsky.social · 26/05/2026
Simultaneous Alcohol and Cannabis Use With a Romantic Partner Present: Daily Associat... (new in @jsadjournal.bsky.social 87/3) @umisr.bsky.social @meganepatrick.bsky.social @umichnews.bsky.social @mtfstudy.bsky.social @adaiuw.bsky.social @uw-psychiatry.bsky.social www.jsad.com/doi/full/10....
jsad.com
Simultaneous Alcohol and Cannabis Use With a Romantic Partner Present: Daily Associations With Drinking, Intoxication, and Consequences Among Young Adults: Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs: Vol...
Objective: Simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use (commonly referred to as SAM) represents a significant public health concern for young adults. Romantic partners are a strong source of influence on su...
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 18/05/2026
US teens are sleeping less than at any point in the last 30+ years, according to a study in Pediatrics analyzing #MonitoringtheFuture data from 400,000+ teens btwn 1991-2023. By 2023, only ~22% of 18-19 year olds reported getting at least 7 hours of sleep. @meganepatrick.bsky.social myumi.ch/e7kZy
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ICPSR Summer Program @icpsrsummer.bsky.social · 18/05/2026
🚨 Applications Due Friday! 🚨 The Advanced Exploration and Analysis of the Monitoring the Future Data Workshop provides an overview of the #MonitoringTheFuture Cross-sectional and Panel studies, focusing on the public-use and restricted-use data. For more info: myumi.ch/61ApE #SumProg26 #ICPSR
ICPSR Summer Program workshop on the Advanced Exploration and Analysis of the Monitoring of the Future Data, July 22-24, free to attend.
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 13/05/2026
Teens in disadvantaged neighborhoods are more likely to smoke, but it depends on whether they live in rural or urban areas. A new #MonitoringtheFuture study from researchers Joy Jang & @meganepatrick.bsky.social highlights a distinct rural-urban gap in adolescent health. myumi.ch/Mpbb3
myumi.ch
Rural-urban divide: Neighborhood conditions shape teen smoking
Teens in disadvantaged neighborhoods are more likely to smoke, but it depends on whether they live in rural or urban areas.
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 04/05/2026
#PAA2026 kicks off on Wednesday! To see a full schedule of SRC presentations, visit: myumi.ch/mV2qZ Watch out for our intrepid intern, Abby, who will be our second set of eyes and ears in St. Louis! Check out Your St. Louis To Do List: myumi.ch/jVyRV
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 17/04/2026
The deadline to apply has been extended to 5/1! Join us virtually this summer to explore all the #MonitoringtheFuture data has to offer.
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 13/04/2026
The interplay between neighborhood context and adolescent substance use is complext, varying by type of drug, socioeconomics, and whether the neighborhood is more or less urban. Bohyun Jang & @meganepatrick.bsky.social use @mtfstudy.bsky.social to examine complicated relationship myumi.ch/619JM
myumi.ch
Neighborhood Disadvantage and Adolescent Substance Use: Differences by Urbanicity and Substance Type: Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs: Vol 0, No ja
Objective: We examined associations between neighborhood socioeconomic context and substance use among U.S. adolescents using nationally representative samples. We further tested whether these associations differed by urbanicity. Methods: Data were from 12th graders in 2016–2019 from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study (n=54,108). Neighborhood socioeconomic context was measured by a disadvantage index in the zipcode of the schools MTF respondents attended, using data on residents’ economic status (income, public assistance, poverty) from the American Community Survey. Outcomes included past 30-day cigarette use, past 2-week binge drinking, and past 30-day cannabis use. Survey-weighted logistic models estimated associations between neighborhood disadvantage and the use of each substance, as well as interactions of the associations by urbanicity (urban, suburban, rural). Results: Neighborhood disadvantage was positively associated with adolescent cigarette use but inversely associated with binge drinking. After controlling for individual-level socioeconomic characteristics, the association between neighborhood disadvantage and adolescent binge drinking became non-significant. The associations of neighborhood disadvantage with cigarette use differed by urbanicity. In rural areas, adolescent cigarette use increased with greater neighborhood disadvantage, which was not observed in urban areas. No significant interaction effects were found for binge drinking and cannabis use. Conclusions: We found a complex interplay between neighborhood socioeconomic context and adolescent substance use, with patterns varying by both urbanicity and substance. This suggests the potential for tailored prevention and intervention efforts for adolescent substance use in particular neighborhood contexts.
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University of Michigan News @umichnews.bsky.social · 24/03/2026
Young adults who heavily use substances may report significantly poorer memory decades later, a new @umisr.bsky.social study suggests. “Substance use has both acute and long-term effects on health and well-being,” said research professor Megan Patrick. 🔗: myumi.ch/79W2Q
“Even if someone thinks their current substance use may not be problematic because they don’t see it as affecting their health right now, there are still potential longer-term consequences to consider. In this case, we are finding some evidence of potential negative impacts of heavy young adult substance use on their cognitive functioning more than 20 years later.”
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 24/03/2026
Young adulthood is a critical period for brain development. New research from #MonitoringtheFuture @meganepatrick.bsky.social explores how substance use patterns established early on may have lasting consequences on memory & cognitive health much later in life. @umisr.bsky.social myumi.ch/P3PmQ
myumi.ch
The brain remembers: The hidden cost of young adult substance use
Young adults who heavily use substances may report significantly poorer memory decades later, a new University of Michigan study suggests.
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 11/03/2026
Using @mtfstudy.bsky.social, Katherine Keyes, Yvonne Terry-McElrath & @meganepatrick.bsky.social find 1 in 15 young adults microdose hallucinogens, very often in the context of other substance use (rather than the theraputic applications that are typical of microdosing) myumi.ch/NrwrD
myumi.ch
Epidemiology of Hallucinogen Microdosing Among Young Adults in the United States: A National Study
Introduction This paper aimed to determine the prevalence, demographic correlates and co-occurring substance use patterns of hallucinogen microdosing among young adults in the United States. Metho...
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 23/02/2026
Join our virtual Monitoring the Future @icpsrsummer.bsky.social workshops this summer! The workshops will provide an overview of the MTF Cross-sectional & Panel studies, focusing on the public-use & restricted-use data available from @icpsr.bsky.social & @nahdap.bsky.social Applications due 4/10
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 11/02/2026
Using @mtfstudy.bsky.social data, researchers find depression and loneliness in adolescence predicts later life distress. Intervention and prevention efforts in adolescence are potentially critical for addressing late life mental health problems myumi.ch/qZewg
myumi.ch
Persistence of loneliness and low self-esteem from adolescence through age 60 in the United States: results from the Monitoring the Future Panel Study - Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
Background Depression, loneliness and other psychological distress symptoms are common in the US; lifetime cumulative estimates and life course prospective persistence is under-studied. We use nationa...
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 26/01/2026
🚨 The 2026 Jerald and Virginia Bachman Fellowship application cycle closes in just a few days on 2/9. If you are a @umich.edu social science grad student, postdoc or junior faculty interested in using MTF data, we encourage you to apply!
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 12/01/2026
New data alert 📢 The Monitoring the Future Longitudinal Panel Study mortality data is now available. The data file includes confirmed mortality status on Panel respondents from 1976-2021. Visit our study page at @nahdap.bsky.social for more info: myumi.ch/79DN9
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Institute for Social Research (ISR) - University of Michigan @umisr.bsky.social · 08/01/2026
What teens think their peers are doing can shape their behavior. ISR researcher Richard Miech explains how @mtfstudy.bsky.social data helps schools, families, and communities better understand teen drug use and support healthier outcomes. Watch now: myumi.ch/P3Rw5
myumi.ch
The real world impact of ISR research: Richard Miech
In this video, Richard Miech, research professor in the Survey Research Center and the Principal Investigator of the Monitoring the Future (MTF) main study, discusses recent trends in adolescent drug ...
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 07/01/2026
New #MonitoringtheFuture research in @ajpmonline.bsky.social on medical cannabis use, ages 19–65, looked at past-year cannabis type use patterns across young & middle adults. Medical cannabis use was reported by 2.6% of all adults and 9.8% of those reporting past 12-month use. myumi.ch/15e4J
myumi.ch
Medical Cannabis Use Across Ages 19–65 Years: U.S. Young and Middle Adults, 2018–2023
This study provides national data on cannabis use type (medical versus recreational only) across individuals aged 19–65 years and associations with ov…
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 17/12/2025
"For the fifth year in a row, use of most substances among teenagers in the United States continues to hover around the low-water mark reached in 2021." More results from the #MonitoringtheFuture study released today: myumi.ch/MkGNE
myumi.ch
Reported use of most drugs remains low among US teens
For the fifth year in a row, use of most substances among teenagers in the United States continues to hover around the low-water mark reached in 2021.
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 11/12/2025
Are you a @umich.edu social science grad student, postdoc or junior faculty interested in using #MonitoringtheFuture data? @umisr.bsky.social has a fellowship for you! The Bachman Fellowship provides support to analyze MTF data on a wide variety of social issues. Apply by 2/9: myumi.ch/A1EDj
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 12/11/2025
It's the first day of #GSA2025! Grab your beverage of choice and check out our full schedule of SRC presentations: myumi.ch/e3dVX
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 10/11/2025
Headed to #GSA2025 this week? Find us at booth 222 for swag and data! #MonitoringtheFuture
Monitoring the Future
Booth 222
November 12-15, 2025
Gerontological Society of America Annual Meeting
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 10/11/2025
Jerald Bachman passed away on October 31, 2025. Bachman was one of the founding investigators of the @mtfstudy.bsky.social. Founded in 1975, Monitoring the Future is an ongoing study of the behaviors, attitudes, and values of Americans from adolescence through adulthood myumi.ch/E8pg6
Black & white photo of Jerald Bachman and Lloyd Johnston chatting on a bench. 

Text: Jerald Bachman. 1936-2025. Jerald Bachman co-founded Monitoring the Future and was the survey's principal investigator until he retired in January 2020. 

Each year, more than 25,000 8th, 10th and 12th grade students are surveyed as part of the ongoing study of the behaviors, attitudes, and values of Americans from adolescence through adulthood.
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 29/10/2025
#Adolescent #DrugUse declined markedly after the onset of the #COVID19 pandemic in 2020. @mtfstudy.bsky.social’s Richard Miech finds use isn’t yet “hardened” with heavy users & #prevention programs have the potential to reduce teen drug use further myumi.ch/A1mXQ
myumi.ch
The Intensity of Adolescent Substance Use Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Adolescent cannabis and alcohol use declined substantially following the COVID-19 pandemic onset in 2020. This study tests whether substance use “hardened,” defined as an increased proportion of heavy...
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 22/10/2025
Brooke Arterberry et al found that alcohol obsessive passion & coping motives are most associated with greater alcohol-related problems among college students who use both alcohol and marijuana myumi.ch/A1Gr4
myumi.ch
Multivariate associations between passion, coping motives, and substance use outcomes in college students engaging in simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use
Prior studies have demonstrated separate impacts of passion and coping motives on substance use (SU). However, their joint influences on SU outcomes remain unexplored among college students engagin...
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 22/10/2025
Nearly 1 in 5 young adults use cannabis to fall asleep, according to new findings in JAMA Pediatrics. The study of 19-30 year olds also found 7.2% reported drinking alcohol to induce sleep. The extent of use was “pretty striking,” said @meganepatrick.bsky.social, who led the study.
myumi.ch
Cannabis Commonly Used as a Sleep Aid Among Young Adults
Experts warn doing so may worsen sleep quality and raise the risk for substance abuse over time.
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 16/10/2025
New findings from the Monitoring the Future Panel Study, led by @meganepatrick.bsky.social, show that 22% of U.S. young adults aged 19-30 reported using cannabis or alcohol to help them fall asleep. myumi.ch/n196r
news.umich.edu
Sleep trap: Many young adults use cannabis to fall asleep
More than 1 in 5 young adults reported using cannabis or alcohol to help them fall asleep.
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 06/10/2025
Research from @mtfstudy.bsky.social finds the prevalence of solitary drinking among young adults - especially young women - has increased to levels on par with 1970s. Because it’s linked to future alcohol use disorder, ongoing monitoring is crucial. myumi.ch/G285q
myumi.ch
Historical trends in young adult solitary alcohol use by age and sex from 1977 to 2022
Solitary drinking is linked to alcohol problems, but we know little about how common it is in young adults or how it has changed over time. Using national data from 1977 to 2022, this study found tha...
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 30/09/2025
Along with a brand new website - src.isr.umich.edu - we are launching a quarterly newsletter that will share Survey Research Center research, media mentions, and publications. Sign up here: myumi.ch/G2pXR
Serving the Public Interest: Insights & Innovations into the Human Lifespan.
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Institute for Social Research (ISR) - University of Michigan @umisr.bsky.social · 25/09/2025
Flavored cannabis vaping is now the top method of cannabis use among teens. ISR’s Richard Miech says the shift raises serious public health concerns. Learn more from Monitoring the Future's latest findings: myumi.ch/g3ExG
Cannabis Vaping Surges Among U.S. Youth" over a blurred background photo of teens sitting and vaping near a brick building. A yellow upward-pointing arrow overlays the image. Two yellow pie charts show increases in flavored cannabis vape use among 8th graders: 47% in 2021 and 63% in 2024. The ISR logo appears at the top left. Text at the bottom reads: "Flavored cannabis vapes now dominate use among 8th grade users, MTF study shows.
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 25/09/2025
Using @mtfstudy.bsky.social data, Richard Miech & coauthors find correlations between flavored e-cigarette use and tobacco & substance use among US youth. The authors recommend closing regulatory loopholes & implementing bans on flavored e-cigarettes to reduce youth nicotine use myumi.ch/dgqp4
myumi.ch
Correlations Between Flavored E‐Cigarette Use and Tobacco and Substance Use Among US Youth, 2021 to 2023
Policy Points Menthol-flavored e-cigarettes are disproportionately used by youth who co-use other substances; allowing menthol sales may undermine efforts to reduce poly-tobacco and poly-substanc...
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 17/09/2025
Are you a researcher interested in using #MonitoringtheFuture data? We are committed to providing access to MTF data, including longitudinal data! For more info on data sets, visit the @nahdap.bsky.social data portal to start your MTF data journey! bit.ly/MTFdatasets @icpsr.bsky.social
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
The full #MonitoringtheFuture Panel study annual report is now available! The 2025 report, which focuses on substance use ages 19-65, includes new tables/figures on driving after substance use & substance use disorder. Monitoring the Future Panel Report: myumi.ch/9p3xX
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University of Michigan News @umichnews.bsky.social · 26/08/2025
The percente of young & midlife adults using nicotine pouches significantly increased last year, while cannabis use, vaping & psychedelic drugs are at or near all-time highs, according to the latest data from @umisr.bsky.social's Monitoring the Future. myumi.ch/VVn4x h/t @meganepatrick.bsky.social
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 26/08/2025
“Alcohol continues to be the most commonly used substance across age groups, followed by cannabis and nicotine,” said @meganepatrick.bsky.social Learn more & explore data on substance use among young adults attending college, as well as those who have not attended college: myumi.ch/154zr
myumi.ch
Nicotine pouch, cannabis, vaping, psychedelic use on the rise among US adults
The percentage of young and midlife adults using nicotine pouches significantly increased last year, while cannabis use, vaping and the use of psychedelic drugs are at or near all-time highs, accordin...
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 26/08/2025
The % of young & midlife adults using nicotine pouches significantly ⬆️ last year, while cannabis use, vaping & the use of psychedelic drugs are at or near all-time highs, according to the latest data via University of Michigan’s Monitoring the Future Panel survey. #monitoringthefuture
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UM SRC @um-src.bsky.social · 15/08/2025
An annual Gallup has been tracking a downturn in drinking since 2023. This coincides with @mtfstudy.bsky.social, which has shown a significant decline in young people's drinking over the last decade www.nytimes.com/2025/08/13/w...
nytimes.com
U.S. Drinking Drops to New Low, Poll Finds
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University of Michigan News @umichnews.bsky.social · 28/07/2025
A new study from @umisr.bsky.social & @cmu.edu reveals 40% of young drinkers report drinking alone, a pattern linked to significantly higher risk of alcohol use disorder. Solitary drinking is often tied to coping with anxiety & depression, making this a red flag for future harm. More: myumi.ch/W6Pw5
“The trends show that the gap between men and women has narrowed,” said co-author Megan Patrick, research professor at U-M’s Institute for Social Research. “There have been increases in solitary drinking among young women, in particular, over the past 25 years. Solitary drinking, or sometimes drinking when they are alone, was reported by about 40% of young adults who drank in the past year.”
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 28/07/2025
Solitary drinking has soared among young adults, ⬆️ to rates not seen since the late 1970s. This trend, found in a #MonitoringtheFuture & @cmu.edu study, is especially evident in young women, shrinking the historical gender gap in this high-risk drinking behavior. Learn more: myumi.ch/3RmGD
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 17/07/2025
New research using #MonitoringtheFuture Panel data finds a strong link between teens' nonmedical use of Rx stimulants (like Adderall or Ritalin) & later cocaine use. Even experimental use (1–2 times) was linked to ⬆️ risk—highlighting the need for early assessment & intervention. myumi.ch/9pbw1
Illustration of prescription drug bottle, pills
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Monitoring the Future @mtfstudy.bsky.social · 30/06/2025
Great news! The MTF longitudinal panel data for ages 18-30, including the core and all six form-specific data files are now available! myumi.ch/w9d64
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