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Peter Gainsford

@kiwihellenist.bsky.social
407 followers 102 following 398 posts

Kiwi Hellenist, Homerist, classicist, NZ. He/his/him/ia.

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Reposted by Peter Gainsford
@NewsJennifer (Jennifer Schulze) @newsjennifer.bsky.social · 27/09/2026
I think it’s fair to say that the student journalists at Cornell are braver than the news networks who just gave up on their WH pool ban even though CNN is still being denied access. www.cornellsun.com/article/2026...
cornellsun.com
EDITORIAL | Cornell Won’t, We Will
The Editorial Board demands that Cornell stops protecting the alleged Chi Phi rapists through the University's opaque sexual assault policies.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 28/09/2026
Today is the day that Pliny the Elder thought was the equinox in the mid-1st century. He was wrong, of course. But nowhere near as wrong as the Cornell University leadership for brushing a rape conspiracy under the rug and shielding the rapists from consequences.
Diagram showing the dates for the equinoxes and solstices as stated y Pliny the Elder, Natural History 18.220-221. Pliny assigns the winter solstice to 25 December, and states that the autumn equinox was 88 days and 3 hours earlier.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 25/09/2026
I'm starting to feel like the manuscript of pseudo-Symeon (cod. Paris. gr. 1712) is trolling me with how many ways it can spell 'Iphigeneia'.
Four snippets of cod. Paris. gr. 1712, reading ᾿Υφιγένειαν, Ἠφιγένειαν, Ἠθηγένειαν, and Ἰφιγένεια.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 25/09/2026
Out of curiosity I decided to watch Troy: the Odyssey (2017). One minute into the sack of Troy and I'm laughing out loud. Troy looks a bit like the classicising architecture you'd see in central Berlin today. A head is being randomly chucked around, and no soldiers are wearing any armour.
A CGI cityscape of Troy as depicted in Troy: the Odyssey (2017)
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 24/09/2026
First hill walk after the equinox. Can still see snow on the mountains of the South Island. Down at street level I was concerned it was going to be super windy up here today, but it's actually pretty calm - wind speed not much over 40 km/h.
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Reposted by Peter Gainsford
Dr Craig Barker @drcraigb.bsky.social · 22/09/2026
Apparently episode one was first broadcast on the BBC 50 years ago today. Still one of the most remarkable television dramas ever. I Claudius
Scene from opening credits of the BBC TV series I Claudius (1976)
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 18/09/2026
The Sistine Chapel ceiling has five pagan Sibyls alongside seven Hebrew prophets. That seems to want an explanation. A full answer involves ancient Greek oracle-poetry, lost Roman ritual texts, Jewish and Christian apocalyptic poems, and a 16th century choral work. Part 1: the canon of ten Sibyls.
kiwihellenist.blogspot.com
Sibyls and Sibylline oracles. 1. The Sibyls
Prophets and apocalyptic poetry: how one mythical seeress turned into ten Sibyls, and why some of them appear on the Sistine Chapel ceiling.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 18/09/2026
Does anyone know what specialists think of Beatrice's edition of the Theosophia? It's extremely clear, and makes a good impression, but there are judgement calls that I can't evaluate -- like assigning the Baalbek oracle to Theosophia book 3 (10). Weirdly, I can't find any reviews.
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Reposted by Peter Gainsford
The Guardian @theguardian.com · 16/09/2026
UK mathematician debunks myth around Parthenon’s optical illusions
theguardian.com
UK mathematician debunks myth around Parthenon’s optical illusions
Study challenges belief that temple’s curves were designed to correct optical illusions that would have ruined its clean lines A mathematician has uncovered what may be one of the longest-running myths in history after studying optical illusions and the Parthenon, the famed Greek temple that overlooks Athens. Scholars have marvelled at the building on the Acropolis hill for more than 2,000 years and heaped praise on its architects for their clever use of geometry. Its subtle curves are said to correct optical illusions that would have otherwise ruined the Parthenon’s clean lines. Continue reading...
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 15/09/2026
Ah yessssss
Photo of a freshly delivered copy of volume 1 of Wilson's new edition of Photius
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 14/09/2026
Spring is here. Altogether too long since I last took a walk in the hills around Wellington.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 06/09/2026
Side-note -- aside from the very basic point about 'God' not having an article --: How did it become customary to translate ὁ λόγος ἦν πρὸς τὸν θεόν as 'the word was _with_ God'? What version of Greek are people learning where πρός + accusative means 'with'? Are they misreading it as παρά?
kiwihellenist.blogspot.com
And the word was God (John 1.1)
The missing article in John 1.1 isn't a theological mystery: it's a basic feature of Greek grammar.
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Reposted by Peter Gainsford
Neville Morley @nevillemorley.eurosky.social · 05/09/2026
I wonder whether I should be slightly more charitable in my appraisals of people who misquote or misrepresent Thucydides on the internet… thesphinxblog.com/2026/09/05/d...
thesphinxblog.com
Difficult To Cure
I often worry that there is not enough separation between my job and the rest of me, especially my sense of self – especially when my employer has been contemplating whether to expel me from …
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 01/09/2026
In John 1:1 'and the Word was God', the Greek text doesn't have an article before the word 'God'. You could take 45 minutes to discuss that as a theological mystery. Or you could answer it in 4.5 seconds: Complements don't take articles in ancient Greek.
kiwihellenist.blogspot.com
And the word was God (John 1.1)
The missing article in John 1.1 isn't a theological mystery: it's a basic feature of Greek grammar.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 01/09/2026
In John 1.1, why is there no article on θεός, in the phrase καὶ θεὸς ἦν ὁ λόγος? It turns out that this is a startlingly controversial matter among generalist New Testament readers. Students should normally cover this syntax point in their first week of learning ancient Greek.
kiwihellenist.blogspot.com
And the word was God (John 1.1)
The missing article in John 1.1 isn't a theological mystery: it's a basic feature of Greek grammar.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 28/08/2026
You know what would be really good evidence of people ingesting psychoactive substances at Eleusis? Some kind of indication that anyone at all, ever, experienced any kind of ecstatic event. That'd be a pretty important prerequisite! Without it, this is a solution in search of a problem.
nature.com
Investigating the psychedelic hypothesis of kykeon, the sacred elixir of the Eleusinian Mysteries - Scientific Reports
Scientific Reports - Investigating the psychedelic hypothesis of kykeon, the sacred elixir of the Eleusinian Mysteries
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 21/08/2026
One of my favourite texts: the 'Odyssey hypothesis' found in one of the Palatinate MSS at Heidelberg and published in the front matter of Dindorf's 1855 edition of the Odyssey scholia. Here Kalypso and Kirke are sisters ruling over the Aeolian Isles, as priestesses of the Sun and Moon.
Part of codex Heidelbergensis Palatinus graecus 45, f. 230r, the start of the 'Odyssey hypothesis'
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 21/08/2026
I like this AI policy, though if it were me, I'd prefer its language be narrowed to 'LLMs' rather than 'AI'. AI has legitimate functions in data analysis -- though I agree that has nothing to do with law students!
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 20/08/2026
A sad loss, though I hadn't been in touch with her for a long time (the last time I visited the UK for academic purposes was the early 2000s). She was my Doktormutter, and a supremely supportive one. As Edith says, she had a talent for getting people to behave -- but also to be at their best.
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Reposted by Peter Gainsford
Edith Hall @edithmayhall.bsky.social · 19/08/2026
Blog on my friend and mentor Professor Pat Easterling, who died this week edithorial.blogspot.com/2026/08/reme...
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 18/08/2026
I was reading Alfred Gercke's 1905 article 'Telegonie und Odyssee' today. It is the very worst of old-style Analysis. Totally subjective aesthetic opinions equated with fact; firm adherent to the 'gut ist alt, schlecht ist neu' creed (good = old, bad = new); if any bits of the Odyssey are ...
Part of page 316 in Gercke's 1905 article 'Telegonie und Odyssee'.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 14/08/2026
Nolan's film has plenty of differences from Homer, but sometimes treats small details remarkably carefully. A look at the origins of some details in the text of Homer, in other ancient traditions, and in former modern screen versions of the Odyssey.
kiwihellenist.blogspot.com
Homeric details and other influences in Nolan's <i>The Odyssey</i> (2026)
Homeric origins and other influences for some details in The Odyssey (2026)
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 11/08/2026
The consultation of the dead is a very memorable scene in The Odyssey (2026): I'm not sure if the spirits coming up out of the ground have had much notice. That isn't in Homer. But it is how the scene is depicted in ancient vase paintings. See: encounters with Elpenor (left) and Teiresias (right).
Left: Odysseus, accompanied by Hermes, encounters the ghost of Elpenor. Attic pelike, Lykaon Painter, ca. 440 BCE; Boston Mus. Fine Arts 34.79; cf. Odyssey 11.51-83.

Right: Odysseus, accompanied by Hermes and another man, meets the ghost of Teiresias. South Italian kalyx krater, ca. 370 BCE; Paris Bibliothèque Nationale, Cabinet de Médailles 422; cf. Odyssey 11.90-149).
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 04/08/2026
If it's a welcome distraction, Ramayana (Nov. 2026) seems to be generating quite a lot of debate over 'authenticity' too (though this film at least has some actual Valmiki in the soundtrack)
youtube.com
RAMAYANA - Official Trailer
YouTube video by Sony Pictures Entertainment
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 31/07/2026
This old piece is getting renewed attention lately, for obvious reasons. The attempts to replicate the feat are just curiosities. But the last section ('Other interpretations') looks at how the iron axes are set up in Odyssey 21, and what comparative evidence suggests.
kiwihellenist.blogspot.com
Mythbusters Jr. on Odysseus’ axes
How hard is it to shoot an arrow through twelve axes? What exactly is going on in the bow contest in the Odyssey?
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 31/07/2026
An exploration of the cave of the Nymphs in Odyssey 13. The cave isn't real, but it does have a little bit of real symbolism: to find it properly, you have to explain Homer from Homer.
kiwihellenist.blogspot.com
The cave of the Nymphs: <i>Odyssey</i> 13.96–112
The cave of the Nymphs in Odyssey 13 isn't a real place, but it does have some real symbolism, shown by comparison with other Archaic Greek poetry.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
Speaking of modern composers setting classical texts to music ... is it at all well-known that Mendelssohn's setting of Antigone works just as well with the Greek text as with the German?
Score of Mendelssohn's Antigone, first page - piano reduction including both Greek and German lyrics
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
Several 16th century composers set pieces of classical Latin verse for choirs. They adopted one of two distinct methods: (1) Homophonic settings, in chords, imitating Latin verse rhythms strictly (including observing elision). Examples: the settings of Horace by Petrus Tritonius and Ludwig Senfl.
youtube.com
Maecenas atavis edite regibus
YouTube video by Les Menestrels - Topic
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Reposted by Peter Gainsford
Amy Pistone @apistone.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
Extremely excited about the IG/TikTok content the Odyssey is giving us! Also thank you a million times to @archaeadne.bsky.social for sending me tiktoks because I simply cannot do that platform
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Flint Dibble @flintdibble.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
I'm a huge Emily Wilson fan She taught me ancient Greek. I've assigned her translations to my students. I interviewed her about translating the Odyssey a few weeks ago for my YouTube I'm not a fan of this review. And for what, I think, are good reasons (SPOILERS) /1
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 27/07/2026
Odysseus' wanderings are set in an Otherworld ... and also kind of in the real world, both at the same time. A piece on the voyage of Odysseus, the stopovers, and their setting in the real (and not-so-real) world.
kiwihellenist.blogspot.com
Odysseus’ wanderings
Many popular beliefs about ancient Greece and Rome are misconceptions. This blog digs into the evidence and looks for the reality behind the myth.
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Spencer McDaniel @spencermcdaniel.bsky.social · 24/07/2026
I have a master's degree in Ancient Greek and Roman Studies, I've studied the 'Odyssey' in Ancient Greek, and I've been writing about the ancient world for over a decade. This is my exhaustive review of Christopher Nolan's 'The Odyssey'. #Odyssey #classics talesoftimesforgotten.com/2026/07/23/a...
talesoftimesforgotten.com
An Ancient Historian's Breakdown of Christopher Nolan's 'The Odyssey' - Tales of Times Forgotten
Christopher Nolan’s The Odyssey is perhaps the most highly anticipated new film of the 2020s. It has already received near-universal acclaim from film critics and earned more at the box office in its ...
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Reposted by Peter Gainsford
Rhea Classical Reviews @rheaclassical.bsky.social · 23/07/2026
Rhea Receptions essay up, reviewing Nolan's "The Odyssey"! This thoughtful and insightful review considers the film as a product of our current times and places it within the historical lineup of other adaptations of the Odyssey over the past century.
rheaclassicalreviews.com
Voyages in Time: The Odyssey (dir. Christopher Nolan, 2006)
Colin Whiting, Dumbarton Oaks, whitingc01@doaks.org Note: Spoilers ahead Let’s get the flotsam and jetsam of a film review out of the way first. Christopher Nolan’s The Odyssey is, as one…
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 21/07/2026
[SPOILERS FOR 'THE ODYSSEY' (2026) AND 'ULYSSES' (1954)] It just occurred to me that the recognition between Odysseus and Telemachos happens exactly the same way in The Odyssey (2026) as in Ulisse (1954): Telemachos deduces his father's identity from the recognition scene with the dog Argos.
Still from the film 'Ulisse' (1954). Ulisse (Kirk Douglas) embraces Telemaco (Franco Interlenghi)
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 17/07/2026
I love transplantations of myths, anachronisms galore. I can cope if someone wants to pretend Odysseus' visits to the sites of 7th century Greek colonies and trading partners are set in a quasi-historical 12th century. But a line like 'Our bronze age is collapsing' ... oh that's painful writing.
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Dr. Jeroen W.P. Wijnendaele @drdragases.bsky.social · 16/07/2026
I am once again begging Hollywood to stop using the Greek alphabet for an Ancient World movie, if they can't afford to even throw a couple of quid at anyone with an inkling of the language. Unless they really think audiences are dying to see THS THDPSSSSPS
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 16/07/2026
The Odyssey on screen: a catalogue ranging from 1905 to 2026, from Georges Méliès to Christopher Nolan, from the metatheatrical Le mépris to the space-faring anime Ulysses 31.
kiwihellenist.blogspot.com
The <i>Odyssey</I> on screen: a catalogue
A catalogue of the Odysey on screen: direct adaptations, parodies, parodies of parodies, etc.
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Dr Craig Barker @drcraigb.bsky.social · 13/07/2026
In honour of Sam Neil I’d like to see Australia change its flag to the Event Horizon flag that Neil designed for the film. www.buzzfeed.com/ishabassi/sa...
Photograph from the 1997 film Event Horizon in which Sam Neil plays an astronaut with a future Australian flag consisting of the Aboriginal flag replacing the Union Jack in the top left corner.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 13/07/2026
This news makes me sad. I normally don't pay much attention to celebrities but Sam felt a bit more like a neighbour. Requiescat in pace.
Still from the film Dean Spanley (2008): Sam Neill as Dean SpanleyStill from the film  'Hunt for the Wilderpeople' (2016): Sam Neill as Uncle Hec
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 12/07/2026
There have been 17 film adaptations of the Odyssey, or parts of it. No Greek actor has ever played Odysseus, Penelope, or Telemachos in any of them. Odysseus has been played by: - 5 American actors (Kirk Douglas, Harvey Keitel, George Clooney, Jason Patric, Matt Damon) ...
Still from the film 'O Brother, Where Art Thou?' (2000): Holly Hunter as Penny Wharvey-McGill and George Clooney as Ulysses Everett McGill
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 04/07/2026
Homer's Odyssey has nothing to do with the Bronze Age. It's jam-packed with 8th-7th century BCE material; it has no Bronze Age material at all. This view is fairly standard among Homer scholars, but it's usually expressed cautiously. Sometimes it's a good idea to make it a bit more forceful.
kiwihellenist.blogspot.com
History and the <i>Odyssey</i>
The Odyssey is not set in the Bronze Age. It is totally flooded with classical-era motifs, with a smattering of archaic touches.
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Reposted by Peter Gainsford
Joel @sentantiq.bsky.social · 08/06/2026
the study of the study of humanities and social sciences would reveal that they discovered what they set out to find, that social justice is what's wrong with the disciplines
The goals vary from area to area, but in a contemporary context they are generally though not exclusively associated with the progressive left. Put most broadly, the goal might be characterized as turning the humanities into vehicles for social justice, or the elimination of pernicious social hierarchies. More specific goals under this heading include anti-racism (the eradication of racial hierarchy), feminism (the rejection of patriarchy), the “decolonization” of the academy and of society more generally (undoing the legacy of imperialism), full equity for gender and sexual minorities and, to a much lesser extent, the eradication of class distinctions and the replacement of “neoliberal” capitalism with some form of socialism.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 07/06/2026
Question: when did the Romans stop using regnal years as a year count? Regnal years were still the standard in the time of Theoderic, as far as I can tell: did they carry on into the Lombard period, or did other systems become prevalent?
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 28/04/2026
Third person pronouns are less common in ancient Greek than in modern English. Greek can express gender via adjectives and participles. You might expect the same would be true for Latin - but it turns out Latin uses 'is' and 'ille' _more_ than the English pronouns. Surprise!
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 27/04/2026
A note on the language of gender transition in Catullus 63. Three years back I wrote a blog post on gendered language in translations of ancient texts. A different interpretation of Catullus 63.4 'vagus animis' now occurs to me.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 22/04/2026
Oh it's possible I might be a bit of a sucker for this. New game from a Polish company. You play a mediaeval scribe who takes commissions to produce illuminated manuscripts and run a scriptorium.
store.steampowered.com
Save 20% on Scriptorium: Master of Manuscripts on Steam
Make and share the most beautiful and bizarre medieval art imaginable! Manage and grow your manuscript workshop by illustrating manuscripts, using friendly tools and a massive range of drag-and-drop a...
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 24/03/2026
I've been reading Phlegon's quotation from the Sibylline books. In 72 lines of hexameter (including the acrostics) there are 6 Attic correptions, and many metrical 'laws' violated: 16× Varro’s Bridge, 2× Hermann’s Bridge, 15× Meyer’s Laws (1× First, 7× Second, 7× Third), and 1× Tiedke-Meyer’s Law.
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 18/03/2026
The following 17 words appear 56,819 times in the Iliad: δέ, ὁ, καί, τε, ἐγώ, εἰμί, ἐν, σύ, ὅς, μέν, ἄρα, ἄν, οὐ, ἐπί, γάρ, ἀλλά, and τις. They represent over half of the text of the Iliad (50.9% of all tokens), but only 0.3% of the vocabulary (5,448 types).
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 15/03/2026
Well that's nice - episodes 1 and 3 of The Daleks' Master Plan (1965-66) have been recovered. 5 of the 12 episodes are now intact (episodes 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10). (I have a vested interest since one of the Doctor's companions in these episodes was an ancient Trojan)
Still of a clip shown on BBC, 13 March 2026
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Peter Gainsford @kiwihellenist.bsky.social · 12/03/2026
A note on Abaris of Hyperborea. The Souda (α.18) gives his name with the declension Ἄβαρις, Ἀβάριδος, but with an accusative plural Ἀβάρις (i.e. Ἀβάρῑς) 'by apocope'. Ἀβάρῑς isn't apocope. It's a double declension in ‑ιδ‑ and ‑ι‑, like Δικαιόπολις > gen. sg. Δικαιοπόλιδος, acc. sg. Δικαιόπολιν.
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