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On Humans Podcast

@ilarimakela.bsky.social
937 followers 917 following 259 posts

Human origins | Global history | Econ history | Anthropology | Archaeology Covering the story of humanity, from the evolution of apes to the making of the modern economy. Posting as Ilari Mäkelä, host of On Humans. onhumans.substack.com/about

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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 09/10/2026
A fascinating anecdote about how norms and experiences shape reactions to emotional expressions: An Inuit gentleman heard spectators cheering during a hockey game. His conclusion? “They're happy; I guess they don't make war.”
peacefulsocieties.uncg.edu
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Roope Kaaronen @roopekaaronen.net · 08/10/2026
It's a major structural problem in academia that we are incentivised, basically soft-forced, to apply for the Big Money, even though all many of us would need is a meagre Researcher Basic Income. It's all a big waste and misallocation of resources at the Altar of Overheads.
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Seth Chagi (World of Paleoanthropology🏺) @sethchagi.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
Now on Apple Podcasts: Deep into Chauvet… a Sleep Story Trial! (Human Voiced, no AI!) Testing 60-min, human-voiced deep history episodes for sleep & focus, set to natural cave acoustics. Listen with headphones: podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/d... Would you tune into full 1-hour episodes?
podcasts.apple.com
Pilot: Deep into Chauvet Cave (36,000 BP) | Human-Voiced Ambient Sleep Story
Podcast Episode · Deep Time Sleep Stories: Ambient Journeys into Prehistory · S1 Trailer · 4m
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 08/10/2026
My favourite detail: "Prior to the tuberculosis outbreak, subordination was associated with elevated basal levels of glucocorticoids. ... In contrast to this, subordinate males [in post-tuberculosis society] did not have elevated basal glucocorticoid levels."
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 08/10/2026
This paper is so worth revisiting! "During the mid-1980s, half of the [baboon] males died from tuberculosis; because of circumstances of the outbreak, it was more aggressive males who died, leaving a cohort of atypically unaggressive survivors. A decade later, these behavioral patterns persisted."
journals.plos.org
A Pacific Culture among Wild Baboons: Its Emergence and Transmission
A unique less-aggressive suite of behaviors that affects the overall structure and social atmosphere of a wild baboon troop potentially represents an intergenerational transfer of social culture.
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
www.bioestadistica.uma.es/baron/bioest...
bioestadistica.uma.es
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
"At the end of the 50 years, the hands were compared for the presence of arthritis. There was no arthritis in either hand, and no apparent differences between the two hands. "
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
"For 50 years, the author cracked the knuckles of his left hand at least twice a day, leaving those on the right as a control. Thus, the knuckles on the left were cracked at least 36,500 times, while those on the right cracked rarely and spontaneously. "
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
Tough knuckles of a serious scientist: "During the author’s childhood, various renowned authorities (his mother, several aunts...) informed him that cracking his knuckles would lead to arthritis of the fingers. To test the accuracy of this hypothesis, the following study was undertaken."
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
"One of the most provocative episodes, on any podcast, that I have enjoyed." Want to know what all the fuss is about? Listen or read the latest On Humans episode, with ecologist Jonathan Loh. [The quote is from a public comment on Spotify, from user "Joseph"]
onhumans.substack.com
How Do Humans Fit Into the Story of Life?
“What a chimera then is man! What a novelty! What a monster, what a chaos, what a contradiction!” — Blaise Pascal
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 06/10/2026
I've changed, but now I'm ready. midus.wisc.edu/findings/pdf...
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 06/10/2026
“An American monkey, an Ateles, after getting drunk on brandy, would never touch it again, and thus was wiser than many men.” - Charles Darwin, Descent of Man, Chapter 1
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 01/10/2026
When humans were the minority ape open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 30/09/2026
"Young people tend to be happier than older generations, but not in the Anglosphere, [especially] in the US and Canada. ... The opposite is true in Eastern Europe, where young people appear to be very far ahead." by @hannahritchie.bsky.social substack.com/home/post/p-...
substack.com
Young people tend to be happier than older generations, but not in the Anglosphere
For a long time, the “U-shaped curve” has been a dominant framework in the research on happiness.
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 30/09/2026
From commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Os... by Keith Schengili-Roberts
commons.wikimedia.org
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 30/09/2026
Political cartoons in ancient Egypt? "A possibly satirical ostracon depicting a scrawny cat giving a bolt of cloth and a trussed up goose as an offering to a seated mouse. ... Either a satire on upper-class life, or perhaps a scene from a fable." 🏺
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 30/09/2026
"On the shores of an ancient lake more than 1.5 million years ago, two species of early humans might have set eyes on each other." www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/new...
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 29/09/2026
The participants across the world believed that morality has declined and “they believed this in every decade and in every nation we studied. They believed the decline began somewhere around the time they were born, regardless of when that was, and they believed it continues to this day.“
nature.com
The illusion of moral decline - Nature
We show that the perception of moral decline is pervasive, perdurable, unfounded and easily produced, and suggest that this illusion has implications for research on the misallocation of scarce r...
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 29/09/2026
Link: darwin-online.org.uk/converted/pu.... (The race-stuff right after is not Darwin but Gruber.)
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 29/09/2026
“He who understands baboon would do more toward metaphysics than Locke.” - Charles Darwin in his private notebook, 1838.
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 29/09/2026
A Roman officer finishes his military correspondence, says farewell, and then remembers something important. “My fellow-soldiers have no beer. Please order some to be sent.” 🏺🗃️ romaninscriptionsofbritain.org/inscriptions...
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 29/09/2026
A cool graph on how Americans spend their time across their lifespan. ourworldindata.org/grapher/time...
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 28/09/2026
Chimpanzee teachers! "We found that tool transfer constitutes a type of teaching in Dindefelo. Our results support the idea that teaching and facilitation, mainly from mothers, contribute to the acquisition of technological skills in immature chimpanzees." #Primatology
frontiersin.org
Frontiers | Savanna chimpanzee tool and fruit transfers facilitate the transmission of technological behaviours at Dindefelo, Senegal
Social learning is a key factor in the transmission of technological behaviours amongst primates. We studied chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) social intera...
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 28/09/2026
3/3 Seiko Museum has stuff on this, with pictures of very cool clocks. museum.seiko.co.jp/en/knowledge...
museum.seiko.co.jp
Seasonal Time System | THE SEIKO MUSEUM GINZA
This page explains the temporal hour system used before the fixed hour system.
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 28/09/2026
2/3 Earlier wadokei altered the speed of the clock itself (basically two setups for two speeds). Later clocks increasingly kept a steadier mechanism but made the hour markers on the dial movable, spreading them farther apart in summer and squeezing them together in winter.
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 28/09/2026
How do humans fit into the story of life? This was one of the most memorable conversations I've had during the four years of running On Humans. My guest was Jonathan Loh, conservation biologist and author of the remarkable new book, "Life Story". Enjoy!
onhumans.substack.com
How Do Humans Fit Into the Story of Life?
“What a chimera then is man! What a novelty! What a monster, what a chaos, what a contradiction!” — Blaise Pascal
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 25/09/2026
Should vegetarians use leather? A common modern dilemma, but here's an ancient echo: Chinese buddhist monks debating whether to wear silk or not. What a title by the way: "Bald head Destroyers of Living Things" www.jstor.org/stable/26571...
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 25/09/2026
ps the link seems broken, here it is again: wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/12...?
wrap.warwick.ac.uk
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 25/09/2026
Orangutans playing kazoos?! Funny, but apparently very significant, too. "The observation that orangutans can exercise active voicing and have a degree of online control over the larynx suggests that the roots of this ability within the human clade are much older than previously thought."
wrap.warwick.ac.uk
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 03/09/2026
"Humans are the animal kingdom's ultimate omnivores" - Daniel Lieberman onhumans.substack.com/p/beyond-pal...
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 01/09/2026
Great to hear! The Fry vs Glowacki saga might continue very soon... ;) I'll let you know!
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 01/09/2026
Have you ever wondered why humans are the only animals who cook their food? And what can a culinary history of humanity tell us about healthy eating?  What a joy to chat about these questions with Dan Lieberman, author of Fed Up! [Fed Up is out now, published by @penguinrandomhouse.bsky.social]
onhumans.substack.com
Beyond Paleo: A Culinary History of Humanity
How did food shape the human journey? And what lessons can ancestral diets give us about healthy eating? Harvard professor Daniel Lieberman explains.
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Alex Mesoudi @alexmesoudi.com · 01/09/2026
Including podcast episodes in my Evolution & Human Behaviour module for the first time this year. I have episodes from @manymindspod.bsky.social , @epthepod.bsky.social , @ilarimakela.bsky.social & @thedissenteryt.bsky.social . Any others I've missed?
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 01/09/2026
The Brain Science Podcast has a bunch of good stuff which could be relevant! PS. Honored to be included! Curious to hear which episode made the cut?
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CAGE Research Centre @cagewarwick.bsky.social · 18/08/2026
New resources are now available to accompany our economics podcast which delves into lessons from the past to help inform our future. 🎧 In this series hosted by @ilarimakela.bsky.social leading experts discuss why the West became the richest corner of the early modern world. buff.ly/wvoRhlv
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 10/08/2026
What a pleasure to finally have Valerie Hansen on the show! 👏 A lot of fascinating topics here, from Silk Roads in Africa to Viking explorers in the Americas. Hansen also finished with a wonderful reflection on some of the surprisingly mundane forces that have long driven the story of humanity.
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 06/05/2026
"The continued attraction of the ‘human revolution’ perhaps comes from the fact that for a generation of researchers the notion of a revolution separating ‘modern’ humans from ‘archaic’ hominins was axiomatic." www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti... >>@huwgroucutt.bsky.social
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 06/05/2026
Brad Delong at his best, reminding econ historians to pause at times, and look deeper than growth, institutions, or early modern pin factories. braddelong.substack.com/p/hoisted-fr... @braddelong.bsky.social
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 06/05/2026
A highlight from the recent episode with Ken Pomeranz, together with @cagewarwick.bsky.social #history onhumans.substack.com/p/why-the-west
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CAGE Research Centre @cagewarwick.bsky.social · 05/05/2026
“The Industrial Revolution happened after the Scientific Revolution, and that's probably not a coincidence.” In this episode of our #economichistory podcast Joel Mokyr, 2025 Nobel laureate explores the many ways science contributed to Europe’s economic rise. 🎧️ Listen at: buff.ly/lbfDqgF
Did science and enlightenment give Europe the edge? with Joel Mokyr
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 29/04/2026
It's been a privilege working on this! I read Pomeranz's "The Great Divergence" as a first-year master student at Pekiing University, and was awed. This was the kind of history I had always wanted: It wasn't about kings and courts. It was about the forces that shape the everyday -- still today.
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 28/04/2026
2/ Our guest, Kenneth Pomeranz, has won multiple prestigious awards including the @dandavidprize.org. The Great Divergence was published by @princetonupress.bsky.social in 2000. Its title coined a term that now defines a whole field -- a field our new series explores.
onhumans.substack.com
The Great Divergence
Why did the West get rich?
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 28/04/2026
Why was Europe the birthplace of industrial modernity? Why not China, the land of paper and gunpowder? In his iconic, "The Great Divergence", Kenneth Pomeranz offered a surprising answer: American colonies & English fossil fuels. Is he right? 🎧 54min 📖 10min @cagewarwick.bsky.social #history
onhumans.substack.com
Why the West?
Was the rise of Europe powered by colonialism, inventions, or something else entirely? And what happened to China? Kenneth Pomeranz explains.
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MU-Peter Shimon 🀄 @mu-peter.bsky.social · 23/04/2026
Genome-wide genealogies reveal deep admixtures forming modern humans🏺🧪 www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6... Shows both Neanderthals and ancestral modern humans are formed through a mixture of these two lineages, with no evidence of gene flow from the PRDM9-A-carrying group into Denisovans.
Human to Neanderthal gene-flow and deeper structure in Humans
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MU-Peter Shimon 🀄 @mu-peter.bsky.social · 23/04/2026
The evolution of symbolic artefacts: How function shapes form🏺🧪 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti... Experimental work that systematically addresses the relation between properties of intentional markings and their cognitive implications to support inferences about their past functions.
Examples of engravings and how they evolved over time with older items shown to the left and younger to the right. Top row: outlines of the Blombos ochre engravings dated to the period c. 100.000–70.000 BP (Henshilwood et al., 2009). Bottom row: outlines of the Diepkloof ostrich egg engravings dated to the period c. 109.000–52.000 BP (Texier et al., 2013)...
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 23/04/2026
@braddelong.bsky.social This is the project we've talked about! Keen to hear your reactions.
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CAGE Research Centre @cagewarwick.bsky.social · 23/04/2026
🎧️ Listen to our new economic history podcast exploring the great divergence between Europe and Asia. Hosted by @ilarimakela.bsky.social our first series hears from leading experts discussing the roles colonialism, technology and institutions play in the making of the modern world. buff.ly/aiSOJUJ
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 23/04/2026
It's out! 👏 Our new series explores one of history's great questions: Why did the West get rich? And what happened to the medieval might of China—or India? Colonialism, science, fossil fuels: we cover it all with superb guests, including a 2025 Nobel laureate 🏆 with @cagewarwick.bsky.social
onhumans.substack.com
The Great Divergence
Why did the West get rich?
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 23/04/2026
Appreciating your faith in my judgment! In brief: the findings seem legit, but the article makes them sound weirder than they are. The key point is this: They were modern humans (H. sapiens)! They were from a population that seems to have disappeared, but this is very common in pre-history.
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On Humans Podcast @ilarimakela.bsky.social · 18/03/2026
No, Britain did not destroy a prosperous Mughal rule in India. When EIC took Bengal, India was deep in a century-long economic depression. But this does not let the British off the hook — and the effects are still felt today. 🙏 Bishnupriya Gupta Read or listen: substack.com/home/post/p-...
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