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Folklore, Popular Culture, and Hometown Yōkai in the Twenty-First Century
Within the folklore of Japan, the word yōkai generally refers to all matter of supernatural creatures, monstrous beings, spirits, and strange phenomena. This article explores what I call “hometown yōkai”—distinct local yōkai that reflect specific features of a given community and landscape. On a small island off the coast of Kagoshima Prefecture on the southern tip of Kyūshū island, for example, a murderous creature known as gamishiro once haunted the bay—and children were often warned to be careful about where they went swimming. In Tokushima Prefecture, on the eastern end of Shikoku...