Sign in

Dr. William O. Balmer

@balmer.bsky.social
1.1K followers 287 following 221 posts

working class astronomer, science journalist, author. 51 peg b fellow at NW. phd from JHU. blogs from astrowill.page, cv at wbalmer.github.io

PostsRepliesMedia
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Jayke Samson Nguyen @jayke.io · 10/09/2026
Hot off the press! Via the magic of differentiable forward modeling and of non-redundant masking on JWST we may have found a new exoplanet! One of the most challenging papers I've written, but I'm glad its finally out! Submitted to AJ, pending peer review. arxiv.org/abs/2609.10507
arxiv.org
A Candidate Innermost Fifth Planet In the HR 8799 System Revealed By JWST NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry
We detect a candidate fifth planet in the HR 8799 system, directly imaged with the JWST/NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometer (AMI). The detected source lies just above a $3σ$ contrast curve at a con...
2489
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Andrea Mann @andreamann.bsky.social · 19/08/2026
"By writing, you are literally firing up your brain and therefore stirring up your conscious thoughts and something new emerges. You are not, or at least not always, transcribing something already present in your conscious thoughts.“ LOVE this piece. www.historians.org/perspectives...
historians.org
How Writing Leads to Thinking (and Not the Other Way Around) – AHA
Writing is stressful. Sitting in my computer chair my neck and shoulder muscles almost immediately tense up as I dig around in my brain for the best phrase or even any coherent string of words.
181039336
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Michael Hobbes @michaelhobbes.bsky.social · 19/08/2026
AI makes children better at doing their homework but 20% stupider so it's impossible to say whether it's good or not
Using 30 months of panel data on 26,811 Chinese students in grades 7-12, we study how generative AI affects homework productivity and learning. The data combine monthly closed-book exams, high-school and college entrance exams, and homework scores and completion time across nine subjects. We exploit staggered AI adoption in a difference-in-differences design. AI adoption raises homework scores by 18% and reduces completion time by 30%, but lowers monthly exam scores by 20% within six months. High-stakes entrance-exam scores fall by 18 and 24%, with the full penalty emerging only after about two years. The losses are largest in social science subjects, followed by STEM and languages, and are especially large for junior students, high-achieving students, and boys. The learning losses are concentrated among roughly 80% of AI users whose behavior is consistent with homework outsourcing, as indicated by exceptionally short homework completion time coupled with high homework scores. AI users who maintain similar homework completion time as non-AI users experience small learning losses.
251468298
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Charles Logan @charleswlogan.bsky.social · 15/08/2026
Northwestern University admin accepting $35 million for the football program from MAGA donors Dick and Liz Uihlein while also shuttering the African Studies program and its 80-year-old history is a pretty good encapsulation of higher ed in the US.
311998646
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
John Aerni-Flessner @lesothojohn.bsky.social · 15/08/2026
This is an absolute travesty. Northwestern has, probably, the 2nd best library collection for African History/Studies in the USA (behind Yale and ahead of MSU, UCLA, etc). A self-inflicted wound that is absolutely, 100% unnecessary given the massive wealth of Northwestern--north of $15 billion.
thepurplewire.beehiiv.com
SCOOP: Northwestern moves to close Program of African Studies
471937806
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Olúfẹ́mi O. Táíwò @olufemiotaiwo.bsky.social · 25/06/2026
helpful coverage from @elpais.com english.elpais.com/usa/2025-08-...
english.elpais.com
In the heart of the Miccosukee, the Native American tribe that shut down Alligator Alcatraz
The community found refuge from white persecution deep in the Everglades swamps centuries ago. Together with environmental groups, they succeeded in forcing the closure of the immigration detention ce...
2888384109
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Prof Stephen Serjeant @stephenserjeant.bsky.social · 18/06/2026
Don’t trust LLMs with your literature searches. Horrible gender biases as found in this paper (from later in the thread below) arxiv.org/abs/2508.02740 🧪🔭
arxiv.org
Who Gets Cited? Gender- and Majority-Bias in LLM-Driven Reference Selection
Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly being adopted as research assistants, particularly for literature review and reference recommendation, yet little is known about whether they introduce demogra...
19148
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 05/06/2026
doctor time
6250
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 04/06/2026
it was the night before the thesis defense, and all through the house...
2180
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 08/05/2026
what do you evem write in a thesis guys (it's due in two weeks btw)
290
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Simon Fisher @profsimonfisher.bsky.social · 23/04/2026
If you have a passion for science, work hard at your research, & get some lucky breaks along the way, you too can achieve your dream of a life dedicated to management & administrative issues.
312631
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 14/04/2026
🔭🪐 my team took this image of 29 Cygni b, a super giant planet 130 light years from us, with JWST. we found some interesting clues that suggest that this planet (~15x the mass of Jupiter) accreted more than 100 times the mass of the Earth in carbon- and oxygen-rich material during its formation
Astronomers used NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope to directly image 29 Cygni b, which weighs 15 times Jupiter. They found evidence for heavy chemical elements like carbon and oxygen, which strongly suggests it formed like a planet by accretion within a protoplanetary disk, and not like a star through fragmentation.

Webb’s NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) was used in its coronagraphic mode, in which a wedge (indicated by the blue box) is used to block the light of the host star (labeled A and marked with a star symbol) to reveal the planet. This image combines light from three filters between 4 and 5 microns. The planet is brightest in the blue filter, then green, then red, so it appears as an off-white dot in the color composite. If carbon dioxide weren’t present, the planet would appear noticeably redder.

In this image, the color blue is assigned to 4.1 micron light, green to 4.3 micron light, and red to 4.6 micron light.
2266
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Jason Wang @thejason.wang · 13/04/2026
Super excited for @balmer.bsky.social to be joining us this fall! Welcome to the @heisingsimonsfdn.bsky.social 51 peg b family!
0111
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
xkcd title text @xkcd-titletext.bsky.social · 16/03/2026
Title text: "An old astronomer trick for distinguishing the Sun from other stars is to take multiple photos a few minutes apart and overlay them, making the Sun stand out due to its high proper motion." Alt text: explainxkcd.com/3219#Transcript
12128
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 13/03/2026
got one
4150
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Katie Mack @astrokatie.com · 28/02/2026
In case you’re just waking up, the U.S. has teamed up with Israel overnight to start an illegal war of regime change, apparently on a presidential whim with no involvement of Congress, and they are already committing horrific atrocities.
164922731
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Benjamin Pope @benjaminpope.bsky.social · 13/02/2026
Suleiman Baraka in Gaza says this about his work: “I decided to fight the killing of the children by educating the children.... astronomy “is also a window for breathing freedom that we were denied for our whole life". I think this is the reason the world needs it. All of us need his example.
undark.org
In Gaza, Scanning the Sky for Stars, Not Drones
A Palestinian scientist's effort to bring astronomy to Gaza has begun to bear fruit, but steep hurdles remain.
1217
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
The Onion @theonion.com · 06/01/2026
NASA Discovers Distant Planet With Conditions That Could Sustain Rocks theonion.com/nasa-discovers-distant…
NASA Discovers Distant Planet With Conditions That Could Sustain Rocks
331997280
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Erin Grievances @erinbartram.bsky.social · 19/12/2025
One legitimate way to be frustrated with graduate education is to think about the fact that grad programs continue to produce PhDs despite there being few job opportunities because those programs need the cheap labor of graduate students. But you need to be able to see yourself as a worker.
28815
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Jake Grumbach @jakemgrumbach.bsky.social · 01/12/2025
Has this been posted yet
2+7= _
I caNnot aNswer this qwestion, as it is agaiNst My reLigious principles.
٠١٨٨
IT'S WORTH A SHOT.
aMI,
7 january 1986
NAITION
194151719
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
"Online Rent-a-Sage" Bret Devereaux @bretdevereaux.bsky.social · 30/11/2025
"Why is there grade inflation? Why do our courses lack rigor?' "Also we will immediately throw any graduate student TA or instructor who upsets an influential constituency under the bus, no matter how obviously manufactured their outrage is." 🤷‍♂️
19995192
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 04/11/2025
blogging through the sickness www.astrowill.page/blog/what-do...
astrowill.page
what does an exoplanet look like? - astro will
Large telescopes have allowed us to take unresolved pictures of exoplanets around a few dozen nearby stars, in many different colors of light. What do they look like?
180
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 31/10/2025
the classic sickness after stressful deadlines has impeeded halloween fun this year :(
080
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 15/10/2025
the closest r1 physics dept to my hometown is hiring: 😀😀😀 ... in cm theory: 🫥🫥🫥
2111
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 08/10/2025
my favorite weatherman on channel 0136 @evertnasedkin.bsky.social
a scientist presenting in front of a slide show, which displays a diagram of variability in the brightness of a planet
070
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Paul T. Levin @paultlevin.bsky.social · 04/10/2025
““They dragged little Greta [Thunberg] by her hair before our eyes, beat her, and forced her to kiss the Israeli flag. They did everything imaginable to her, as a warning to others,” the Turkish activist ErsinÇelik, a participant in the Sumud flotilla, told Anadolu news agency.”+
theguardian.com
Israel accused of detaining Greta Thunberg in infested cell and making her hold flags
Activist tells Swedish officials she has been subjected to harsh treatment, including insufficient food and water
21063213807
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
The Associated Press @apnews.com · 04/10/2025
Over 2 million people across Italy have rallied in more than 100 cities for a one-day general strike.
bit.ly
2 million rally in Italy for Gaza as general strike halts key services
Over 2 million people across Italy have rallied in more than 100 cities for a one-day general strike.
243122064148
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 03/10/2025
first fellowship submitted. brain hurts
060
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Aurelien Mondon @aurelmondon.com · 27/09/2025
Let that sink in "Despite its extreme population density, Gaza was mostly self-sufficient in vegetables and poultry, and met much of the population’s demand for olives, fruit and milk. But last month the UN reported that just 1.5% of its agricultural land now remains both accessible and undamaged."
3327211
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Evert Nasedkin @evertnasedkin.bsky.social · 26/09/2025
🔭 It's paper day! Today I'm sharing the latest in a series of papers looking at the weather on other worlds, in this case bringing you the weather report from a nearby T-dwarf, SIMP-0136. 🪐 🧵 to follow...
13718
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 15/08/2025
need to take a break from fellowship drafts because i think im driving myself crazy
070
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 13/08/2025
surely the others will be different, right guys
2160
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Ken Klippenstein @kenklippenstein.bsky.social · 02/08/2025
About half of Americans say they've put off healthcare services due to cost barriers, with Millennials most affected by far, per new study by Madaket Health. Percent of age groups who've put off getting care: Millennials: 78% Gen X: 56% Baby Boomers: 30% www.morningstar.com/news/busines...
morningstar.com
New Study from Madaket Health Reveals Nearly Half of Americans Delay Healthcare Due to Cost and In-Network Barriers
53787197
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 30/07/2025
the question is not "when will you finally write the 51 eri b GRAVITY paper" the question is "when will the observations work twice in a row"
140
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Mark Anthony Neal (@NewBlackMan on X) @markanthonyneal.bsky.social · 29/07/2025
Amazon Union Leader Chris Smalls detained, beaten, and choked in Israel during humanitarian aid trip #ChrisSmalls was among 21 others when he was singled out, detained, and beaten by Israeli forces on Saturday. thegrio.com/2025/07/29/a...
thegrio.com
Amazon Union Leader Chris Smalls detained, beaten, and choked in Israel during humanitarian aid trip
Chris Smalls was among 21 others when he was singled out, detained, and beaten by Israeli forces on Saturday.
03737
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
The Real News Network @therealnews.com · 25/07/2025
“Brothers, sisters, siblings, we stand here now on the precipice of oblivion… This isn’t just about fighting for better wages and working conditions… This is about who is willing to fight for life itself?” by @maximillianalvarez.bsky.social
therealnews.com
What good is a union in Hell?
“Brothers, sisters, siblings, we stand here now on the precipice of oblivion… This isn't just about fighting for better wages and working conditions… This is about who is willing to fight for life its...
222674
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Chara @astrochara.bsky.social · 13/06/2025
The recent news of #JWST imaging of 14 Herculis c prompted me to draw my own depiction of the planet. A superjovian planet with water clouds kept warm by internal heat, it has thin haze due to low radiation, making it white-blue due to methane. #astronomy #space #art #exoplanet #14Herculis
The image shows a white giant planet with blue-coloured bands. The planet is very slightly tinted orangish by both the thin haze, as well as the parent star's light, but is still overall blueish-white.
3599
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 19/07/2025
i told jwst what to do today
0190
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 17/07/2025
saw one finally
0100
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 10/07/2025
my student just tipped me off that my first jwst observations as PI were scheduled! fingers crossed for clear skies (on the other planet, i mean)
1110
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 09/07/2025
don't forget the gravity fringes! this was a very fun target to observe. welcome to the fold HD 135344 A b and, in the paper, finally a happy use case for backtracks.readthedocs.io (we used the code to reject the null hypothesis that this source is a distant background star)
060
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 09/07/2025
have to say, not exactly an exciting year to be applying for postdocs
4140
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 08/07/2025
let the record state that i called most of the jumbos as background sources day one, and that the fragmentation predicted binary fraction would hold up
061
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
The StarXiv ✨ podcast @starxiv.bsky.social · 23/06/2025
Payel then discussed a planetary system not too far away from our own where the two giant plants were directly imaged by JWST. They're very misaligned! Very different from our solar system where the planets are coplanar. arxiv.org/abs/2506.09201 🔭
162
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 10/06/2025
here's the rest of the pixels :)
1140
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 10/06/2025
my team and i took an image of a cold, strange planet with JWST! press release out now: webbtelescope.org/contents/new...
webbtelescope.org
Frigid Exoplanet in Strange Orbit Imaged by NASA's Webb
0172
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Evert Nasedkin @evertnasedkin.bsky.social · 10/06/2025
Amidst all the horrific news for astronomy lately, I'm still excited to share a new work that I was a part of, led by Kielan Hoch at @stsci.edu ! Using @nasawebb.extwitter.link , we found a new circumplanetary disk and strong silicate absorption in the YSES 1 planets. www.tcd.ie/news_events/...
tcd.ie
Silicate clouds discovered in atmosphere of distant exoplanet
Astrophysicists have gained precious new insights into how distant “exoplanets” form and what their atmospheres can look like, after using the James Webb Telescope to image two young exoplanets in ext...
3349
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 09/06/2025
fourth pixel. come see the talk in a few hours. press release tomorrow at 10am alaska time (fake timezone). all pixels will be revealed in time.
110
Reposted by Dr. William O. Balmer
Prem Thakker ツ @premthakker.bsky.social · 09/06/2025
"My name is Greta Thunberg and I am from Sweden. If you see this video, we have been intercepted and kidnapped in international waters by the Israeli occupational forces, or forces that support Israel."
2352292413945
Dr. William O. Balmer @balmer.bsky.social · 08/06/2025
the third pixel. apparently i was supposed to upload my slides friday, but they weren't done friday. they'll be done by monday, 10:20 AM in session 116, though, i promise.
030