For design, this process is called "critique" and the fact that bootcamps don't teach this skill is partly responsible for where we are as a field.
When you understand the purpose of your work, critique is immediate and tangible. When you don't, you get clown-ass "I don't like it" type feedback.
I think that one of the greatest benefits -- and hazards -- of STEM fields is how immediate, tangible, and visceral the feedback is when you make a mistake. The code won't compile. The electronics short out. Gordon Freeman starts the Resonance Cascade ok jk