Background Given the rising prevalence of pediatric steatotic liver disease (SLD), it is imperative to identify and address common challenges in clinical practice. This article aims to examine key iss...

Background Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is widely used to screen patients with hepatic diseases. However, the current reference ranges (< 50 U/L) were developed by laboratories and have not been val...

Background With the exploding prevalence of obesity, many children are at risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Using anthropometric and laboratory parameters, our study aimed to develo...

Background As childhood obesity escalates worldwide, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in pediatric and adolescent populations is also increasing. However, systematic studies ...

Background Multiple clinical studies have confirmed that combining biologics and/or small molecules (tofacitinib or upadacitinib) exhibits favorable efficacy and manageable safety in adult patients wi...

Background Childhood obesity is associated with cardiometabolic and musculoskeletal health risks. Because fat reduction may be accompanied by loss of skeletal muscle, this trial aims to evaluate wheth...

Background Oral propranolol, with or without corticosteroids, has been shown to benefit diffuse infantile hepatic haemangioma (IHH); randomized trial evidence is lacking. We aimed to evaluate the effi...

Background Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a common condition in childhood that can adversely affect children’s physical and psychological health. Since the publication of the “Expert Consensus on the Mana...

Background Identifying effective predictors early in life is crucial to enable timely prevention and intervention to improve cardiometabolic health outcomes. Adiposity rebound (AR) is an important per...