Abstract: When did the term Artificial Intelligence (AI) come into the world? What did it mean and how has it developed since its emergence in the mid-20th century? AI was coined as a term for a field of research in 1955, when the young mathematician John McCarthy at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, planned a “Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence”, which he, together with Claude E. Shannon, Marvin Minsky and Nathaniel Rochester, proposed to the Rockefeller Foundation to fund.