EU green value chains are losing competitiveness, but strong regional specialisation means support should target regions with the best industrial fit

The Atlas tracks Europe's clean-tech transformation, showing how adoption, investment and industrial change are unfolding across the continent

Bruegel Deputy Director Simone Tagliapietra spoke at the informal meeting of EU energy ministers, in a session on innovation and market design

The Atlas tracks Europe's clean-tech transformation, showing how adoption, investment and industrial change are unfolding across the continent

European automotive policy should prioritise affordable competitiveness over protectionism, using resilience criteria and temporary safeguards

As global warming impacts are increasingly felt, the EU should turn climate adaptation from a national responsibility into a genuine European policy

Clean technologies are reshaping Europe — its economy, its energy system and its industrial landscape. The Bruegel European Clean Tech Atlas maps this transformation — bringing together the best…

Bruegel's ETS Tracker is an interactive repository of information about the EU's Emissions Trading System (ETS1). The Tracker provides aggregate data on emissions compliance, free allocation of carbon...

How to strengthen international cooperation on clean technology supply chains?

Electrification is a strategy for economic resilience and security, with an impact that reaches beyond climate considerations. However, Europe’s strategy depends on Chinese supplies at a time of diffi...

With falling commercial and emergency oil reserves, Europe’s oil price shock could soon become a volume crisis – a scenario for which it must prepare

IAA spending should rest on clear sector choices, WTO-safe criteria and FDI screening that welcomes value-adding investment

The Iran energy shock is a test of European discipline on state aid

European measures to address the latest energy crisis are ignoring past lessons and long-term goals

European Union states have committed over €10 billion ($11.7 billion) to shield consumers and businesses as the Iran war drives up energy prices, according to the Bruegel think tank.

This dataset provides an overview of the fiscal measures implemented by European governments to mitigate the 2026 energy shock in Europe

EU countries should coordinate measures to offset rising energy prices from the Iran conflict, while using the crisis to drive longer-term change

The European Union should act now to head off growing impacts from the Iran conflict on gas prices and availability