The external environment where protoplanetary disks are embedded regulates disk evolution. External irradiation, which heats and evaporates gas, as well as frequent stellar encounters, which truncate ...

SMILE launches to provide first complete picture of how Earth’s magnetic field responds to the solar wind, improving predictions of solar storms that disrupt GPS, communications and power grids.

Radially compact protoplanetary discs (<=50 au) are ubiquitous in nearby star-forming regions. Multiple mechanisms have been invoked to interpret various compact discs. In this paper, we propose that ...