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Science X / Phys.org

@sciencex.bsky.social
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Science X provides daily science news on research developments, technological breakthroughs and the latest science innovations. Phys. org: phys.org Medical Xpress: medicalxpress.com Tech Xplore: techxplore.com

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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 1h
A superconducting circuit joined smaller photon groups into a state entangled across all 13 photonic qubits, with adjustable connections rather than a single fixed arrangement. doi.org/hcmzv8
phys.org
Superconducting circuit links smaller photon groups into larger entangled states
Quantum computers, computer systems that leverage the laws of quantum mechanics, store and process information using qubits (i.e., quantum bits).
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 4h
Blue damselfish on urbanized coasts show molecular signs of chronic stress despite gene activity resembling well-fed fish. The contrast suggests a possible “junk food effect.”
phys.org
Fish may look fine in urban waters but their genes tell a different story
Blue damselfish, with their striking blue hue, are easy to spot, even along Okinawa's heavily urbanized coastlines. But while abundant, their gene activity reveals a hidden cost to living in human-impacted environments.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 4h
A molecular movie captures penicillin’s ring-building steps at atomic resolution, revealing chemical intermediates that vanish in fractions of a second.
phys.org
'Molecular movie' finally reveals how penicillin is made
Researchers from the University of Oxford and international collaborators have revealed previously unseen rapid chemical stages in the formation of β-lactam antibiotics like penicillin, offering insights that can support future antibiotic development.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 4h
DNA reshuffling hundreds of millions of years ago may have helped cephalopods evolve complex brains by bringing once-distant genome regions into contact.
phys.org
3D genome 'entanglement' may explain how cephalopods evolved complex brains
Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish, collectively known as coleoid cephalopods, have evolved exceptionally large and elaborately structured nervous systems capable of complex behaviors such as problem-solving and rapid camouflage.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 4h
Male mice lost newly formed CD8 T cells earlier than females, weakening melanoma recognition. Human data supported key aspects of this sex-biased pattern of immune aging.
medicalxpress.com
Age and sex shape cancer immunity, mouse experiments and human data suggest
A new study published in Nature Aging combines mouse experiments and human data sets to explore how biological sex and aging shape cancer immunity, with implications for immunotherapy responses.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 9h
Favorite music eased pain 30 seconds and two minutes after an IV needle insertion. Relief appeared greater at two minutes, but the reason remains unclear.
medicalxpress.com
Your favorite music could help reduce the pain of small medical procedures
If you hate needles, music might make you feel better during a cannula insertion—but it has to be the right kind of music.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 9h
Ten gene groups showed similar activity in children with severe COVID-19, RSV and pulmonary tuberculosis. Their potential clinical use still needs further research. doi.org/hcmxp5
medicalxpress.com
Scientists identify gene signatures in children with severe COVID-19 infection
Researchers have identified patterns of gene activity associated with severe COVID-19 in children that are shared with other serious respiratory infections.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 11h
Only 20% of 50 trading card packs checked in Hong Kong disclosed any odds. None listed the chance of getting every individual card. doi.org/hcmxg4
phys.org
Most trading card packs hide the odds of winning rare cards, study finds
Pokémon, sports and other physical trading and collectible cards have been around for decades but have surged in popularity since COVID.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 13h
A genetic switch gave fruit flies nine light-detecting cells per eye unit instead of eight—the butterfly eye plan. Whether their color vision improved remains unanswered. doi.org/hcmxgd
phys.org
The genetic switch behind the butterfly's enhanced visual world of color
Many insects see the world through hundreds of tiny lenses that are grouped together in a visual organ known as the compound eye.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 13h
Two healthy calves were born from embryos lacking interferon tau, long thought essential for cattle pregnancy. The signals that sustained those pregnancies remain unidentified. doi.org/hcmxgc
phys.org
Cows deliver healthy calves without embryonic protein long thought essential for pregnancy
For decades, scientists have believed that a protein called interferon tau (IFNT) is indispensable for pregnancy in cattle.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 14h
Polar wind breakdowns raise the odds of extreme electricity demand 1.5–3 times in northern and central Europe. Cold weather typically follows weeks later, offering advance warning. doi.org/hcmxf3
phys.org
Stratospheric winds can warn of extreme energy demand in Europe
A breakdown of normal polar winds in winter raises the chance of extreme cold—and a resulting spike in energy demand—in Europe, new research shows.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 14h
A newly described Colombian water lily has pads up to 2 meters across. Its identification began with an Instagram photo of a plant mistaken for a more common species. doi.org/hcmxf2
phys.org
Chance Instagram sighting leads to discovery of rare giant water lily in Colombia
A new paper published in the journal Phytotaxa describes a new species in the genus Victoria, the Colombian giant water lily (Victoria colombiana).
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 14h
Ozone and nitrogen oxides together reduced pollinator performance by 68% on average, but few experiments tested the combination and its added harm was smaller than the averages suggest. doi.org/hcmxfw
phys.org
Bees struggle to smell flowers when air pollutants combine
Bees, moths and other pollinating insects have a harder time smelling flowers in polluted air, according to research led by the University of Reading.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 14h
A new gene signature marks neuroblastoma cells tied to poor outcomes. It improved outcome predictions where a signature from decades-old cell lines did not. doi.org/hcmxfs
medicalxpress.com
Scientists identify the neuroblastoma cells that signal poor outcomes
Neuroblastoma is the most common solid tumor found outside the brain in children, yet why some children respond well to treatment while others do not has remained poorly understood.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 14h
Sentinel-3C returned its first Earth images and measurements two weeks after launch, showing it is performing well. Another five months of commissioning remain before full operational service.
phys.org
Sentinel-3C returns its first views of Earth
Just two weeks after it was launched, the Copernicus Sentinel-3C satellite returned its first images and measurements from two of its key instruments—a major milestone that confirms the satellite is working well and on track to monitor the health of Earth's oceans, land, cryosphere and atmosphere.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 14h
An immune-cell buildup may flag lung cancer risk years before tumors develop. Prototype blood tests could help identify people at increasing risk. doi.org/hcmxfj
medicalxpress.com
'Immune fog' may flag lung cancer risk years before tumor develops
A 'rising fog' may cloud the immune system's ability to detect tumors and may be the key to tackling lung cancer that is developing years before diagnosis.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 14h
Rare immune cells in abdominal cancer fluid appeared in 22 of 23 patients sampled. They may help limit immune attacks on cancer, but their role remains uncertain. doi.org/hcmxfh
medicalxpress.com
Abdominal fluid reveals rare immune cells that may limit attacks on tumors
In a study published in Science Immunology, researchers used malignant ascites—fluid that accumulates in the abdomen of some patients when cancer metastasizes to the abdominal cavity—to uncover immune programs associated with metastatic disease, including a rare population of RORC-expressing dendritic cells not previously linked to human cancer.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 14h
Bite marks suggest the first evidence of a small raptor feeding on a tyrannosaur—a 6-meter Albertosaurus. A baby Albertosaurus remains another possible culprit. doi.org/hcmxfg
phys.org
Fossil bite marks suggest first evidence of a small raptor feeding on an apex predator
A prehistoric cold case near Drumheller reveals either a small-time raptor scavenged on an apex predator, or a baby Albertosaurus engaged in a shocking act of cannibalism.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 15h
DNA packaging simulations reach more than 10 times the previous scale at comparable resolution. The new tool can model assemblies containing hundreds of nucleosomes. doi.org/hcmxff
phys.org
New 'computational microscope' simulates DNA packaging at more than ten times previous scale
The DNA in our cells wraps around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which organize into chromatin. This organization helps pack genetic material into the nucleus and influences how easily genes can be read and DNA damage repaired.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 15h
Light-exposed self-disinfecting cotton accumulated 75% fewer microorganisms than untreated cotton in hospital rooms over 48 hours. Without direct light, the reduction fell to 25%. doi.org/hcmxfd
medicalxpress.com
A self-disinfecting fabric eliminates bacteria, fungi and viruses in hospital settings
A team has developed a new self-disinfecting cotton fabric capable of eliminating bacteria, fungi and viruses in hospital settings using visible light.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 15h
Nickel’s active surface during alkaline water electrolysis is nickel dioxide, not the nickel oxyhydroxide assumed for decades. The crucial chemical difference is the absence of hydrogen. doi.org/hcmxfc
phys.org
Chemists uncover the true active surface of nickel catalysts
Nickel is a promising, cost-effective and robust catalyst for alkaline water electrolysis—a key technology for the climate-neutral production of hydrogen.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 15h
Living cells can be tracked for days without staining or leaving their incubator, using a compact lensless system that reconstructs quantitative cell data from one image per measurement. doi.org/hcmxfb
phys.org
Lensless imaging method enables long-term monitoring of living cells without staining
In a study led by Tampere University, researchers have developed a new lensless imaging method that produces precise quantitative data on living cells from a single image.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 15h
Positive North Atlantic Oscillation phases brought wetter, cooler conditions to southwestern Greenland for thousands of years. Fjord sediments preserve the long-lived link. doi.org/hcmxd9
phys.org
Atlantic weather pattern shaped southern Greenland's rain and snow for millennia, sediments reveal
In high-latitude coastal areas, Arctic amplification means that temperatures are rising faster than the global average.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 15h
A year of the NAD-boosting compound NR provided no clinical benefit in early Parkinson's disease, despite increasing NAD metabolism. doi.org/hcmxd8
medicalxpress.com
NAD-boosting treatment shows no Parkinson's benefit in yearlong trial
A major clinical trial involving 410 people with early Parkinson's disease has found no clinical benefit from nicotinamide riboside (NR), a compound that increases cellular levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD).
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 15h
Electrical current can mask oxygen-production losses in hematite during solar water splitting. Real-time measurements exposed low-current losses and an efficiency shift to around 80%. doi.org/hcmxd7
phys.org
Real-time oxygen measurements expose hidden losses in solar water splitting
A new technique developed at Imperial College London measures oxygen production in real time, revealing hidden losses in solar water splitting.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 15h
A protein complex switches off nitrogen fixation in a methane-producing microbe when energy or nutrients are scarce. Cellular signals can restart the enzyme. doi.org/hcmxd6
phys.org
Nitrogen fixation 'off switch' discovery could one day help crops make their own fertilizer
Nitrogen is essential for life. It's needed to build proteins, DNA and many other components of cells. Although nitrogen gas makes up almost 80% of Earth's atmosphere, most organisms cannot use it directly.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 15h
Home sensors could flag emergencies without cameras or wearables. Combining radar, heat sensors and smart plugs improved activity recognition in mock-home tests. doi.org/hcmxd5
medicalxpress.com
Elderly people could live independently for longer thanks to new home sensor system which detects emergencies
Older people could be monitored safely in their own homes without the need for intrusive cameras or wearable devices thanks to new research by Nottingham Trent University (NTU).
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 16h
A nonchaotic model became increasingly predictable as topological patterns emerged. A neural network’s accuracy rose from random guessing to almost perfect over the simulation. doi.org/hcmxd4
phys.org
Nonchaotic model reveals how predictability can emerge from seemingly unpredictable dynamics
Predicting a system's final outcome from its initial state is the ultimate goal for many physicists. In certain complex systems, however, this goal is thwarted by chaos, where even the subtlest tweaks to the initial state can lead to completely different fates, making the system almost impossible to predict.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 16h
Restoring dopamine signaling stopped abnormal signals linked to involuntary eye movements in isolated mouse retinas. The approach has not yet been tested in living animals. doi.org/hcmxd3
medicalxpress.com
Involuntary eye movements could be targeted by restoring retinal dopamine, mouse experiments suggest
Researchers have found a possible way to stop abnormal signals in the retina that are linked to involuntary eye movements (nystagmus).
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 16h
Vibrations, spin flips and orbital hops can be distinguished in individual cobaltocene molecules, with excitation maps resolving detail within each molecule. doi.org/hcmxdz
phys.org
How researchers tell different quantum excitations apart in individual molecules
Molecules can be placed in a wide variety of quantum states. How can these states be distinguished in measurements when theoretical models are unreliable?
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 16h
Liver fat fell 33% in adults with type 2 diabetes during a 16-week trial of a low-fat vegan diet, without calorie counting or portion control. doi.org/hcmxdx
medicalxpress.com
Low-fat vegan diet can cut liver fat by a third and improve insulin function in adults with type 2 diabetes
Adults with type 2 diabetes who followed a low-fat vegan diet for 16 weeks, eating as much as they wanted, with no calorie counting or portion control, lost weight, reduced fat buildup in the liver and abdomen and improved insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function, according to a new clinical trial published in BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 16h
Hafnium zirconium oxide memory writes data as new nanoscale domains form while existing ones expand—a simultaneous process that models focused on either one alone struggle to capture. doi.org/hcmxdw
phys.org
How information is written in ferroelectric memory at the nanoscale
What happens at the nanoscale when information is written to memory? Researchers at KAIST have shown how tiny regions with a new polarization direction form while previously formed regions continue to expand in a promising ferroelectric material.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 16h
Heat-storing gels could cut buildings’ energy use by holding daytime heat for release at night. Their polymer networks address leakage, but mechanical strength still needs improvement. doi.org/hcmxdv
techxplore.com
Heat-storing gel could cut buildings' energy consumption
Heating and cooling buildings account for a large portion of global energy use. A research team in the Texas A&M University Department of Materials Science and Engineering was featured on the cover of ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces for a study that aims to reduce that energy consumption.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 16h
Grasslands could absorb around 15% less CO₂ by 2050 with sharply reduced plant diversity than with diversity maintained, a model projects. Regional losses could reach 50%. doi.org/hcmxdt
phys.org
Losing plant diversity could reduce grassland CO₂ absorption 15% by 2050, model projects
A substantial loss of plant diversity could mean that grasslands worldwide, including meadows and pastures, would absorb around 15% less CO₂ through photosynthesis by midcentury compared with a scenario in which diversity is maintained.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 16h
SPARCS links visible cellular changes to their genetic causes, using AI to analyze microscopy images of 70 million cells. Selected cells can then be isolated intact. doi.org/hcmxds
phys.org
Tracking down cellular gene functions with AI and microscopy
A new technology promises to enable more comprehensive investigations into how individual genes determine the appearance and behavior of cells.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 16h
A 2017 Android phone supported PhoneBot’s core sensing and movement controls. The two-legged robot’s hardware costs an estimated $400, excluding the phone; onboard mapping had a limit. doi.org/hcmxdr
techxplore.com
PhoneBot gives old smartphones a new job on two legs
Smartphones combine cameras, motion sensors and powerful processors in devices that fit inside a pocket. These features could also make them useful components for robots, reducing the need to buy and connect separate sensors, processors or other electronics.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 16h
Argyrin B reduced C. difficile in infected mice while largely sparing beneficial gut bacteria. Its optimal dosage and effectiveness against recurrent infections remain unresolved. doi.org/hcmxdq
medicalxpress.com
Natural compound shows promise against C. difficile while largely sparing healthy gut bacteria
The pathogen Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is naturally present in the intestines of many people. When present in small numbers, it usually causes no symptoms.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 17h
Moderate magnetic fields tune a quantum condensate’s emitted light energy, with shifts up to 10 times larger than previous approaches. The control hinges on a semiconductor’s magnetic layers. doi.org/hcmxdp
phys.org
Layered semiconductor unlocks magnetic control of light emitted by quantum condensates
Quantum technologies are considered key technologies of the future. However, research in this field requires not only scientific expertise but sometimes also highly specialized laboratory conditions.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 17h
Colorectal cancer cells grew much more slowly in lab co-cultures after ST6GAL1 suppression in tumor-promoting immune cells, suggesting a possible shift toward a tumor-fighting state. doi.org/hcmxdn
medicalxpress.com
Shifting immune cells toward cancer-fighting mode: Sugar-coated extensions reveal a potential target
Our bodies contain immune cells called macrophages. Normally, these cells attack and suppress bacteria and cancer cells.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 17h
3D-printed inserts let light sheet microscopy use one objective in most commercial sample chambers, reducing background light and sample damage without changing sample preparation workflows. doi.org/hcmxdm
phys.org
3D-printed inserts bring single-objective light sheet microscopy to commercial sample chambers
Light sheet microscopy allows biologists to selectively light up a thin slice of a sample. This method can improve image contrast by reducing background light while remaining gentle on the sample, reducing photodamage and photobleaching.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 17h
Many boat, aircraft and construction sounds would be audible to long-nosed fur seals resting on land, their first hearing tests indicate. Effects on behavior and hearing remain to be assessed. doi.org/hcmxbp
phys.org
Hearing tests reveal how sea lions and fur seals hear human-made noise
Curtin University and Taronga Conservation Society Australia researchers have conducted the first hearing tests on Australian sea lions and long-nosed fur seals, revealing what sounds these marine mammals can hear and helping assess how human-made noise could affect them.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 17h
A combination treatment extended median survival from 17 to 42 days in mice with glioblastoma, outperforming either treatment alone. Testing in patients remains a next step.
medicalxpress.com
Scientists uncover two-pronged strategy to overcome glioblastoma's resistance to immunotherapy
Scientists at The Wistar Institute have identified a combination treatment that overcomes two of the biggest barriers to immunotherapy in glioblastoma.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 17h
Spins in YbMnBi₂ favor certain directions around 400 K, before magnetic order sets in around 290 K—strong evidence of a liquid-crystal-like spin state. doi.org/hcmw99
phys.org
Liquid-crystal-like magnetism explains puzzling properties in a rare-earth compound
In some materials, physical properties don't emerge from their individual particles, but from the collective behavior of their quantum spins.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 17h
U.S. hospital closures outnumbered openings two to one from 2010 to 2025. Rural and urban closure rates showed no significant difference. doi.org/hcmw98
medicalxpress.com
Hospital closures on the rise in both rural and urban areas—particularly among safety-net hospitals
More hospitals across the U.S. are closing than opening, and urban hospitals are closing at the same rate as rural ones, according to a new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 18h
Light-generated hydrogen atoms reduce organic molecules under mild, metal-free conditions—a contrast to an early method that needed temperatures above 2,000 kelvins to produce the atoms. doi.org/hcmw97
phys.org
Light-driven method puts notoriously reactive hydrogen atoms to work for chemical synthesis
Hydrogen is the simplest element in the periodic table, consisting of just one proton and one electron. In chemistry, however, the smallest of atoms is anything but simple.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 18h
A tardigrade protein fragment and sugar helped up to 89% of frozen mouse red blood cells recover fully, compared with about 82% using glycerol. doi.org/hcmw96
phys.org
A trick from tardigrades could help human blood withstand freezing
Tardigrades survive conditions that would destroy most other living things: freezing, dehydration and the vacuum of space.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 18h
All five pairs of gold earrings released tiny amounts after a week in cysteine-modified artificial sweat. Whether those amounts could trigger an allergic reaction remains unestablished. doi.org/hcmw95
medicalxpress.com
Allergic to gold jewelry? Lab tests reveal gold can dissolve from earrings under specific chemical conditions
Gold has a reputation for being chemically untouchable. But according to Western University chemist Yolanda Hedberg, that reputation is a little misleading—gold is not unreactive so much as selective about what it reacts with.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 18h
A £140 modified car-window tint meter measures leaf water in seconds without damaging leaves. It could support wildfire fuel monitoring, but needs calibration for each plant species. doi.org/hcmw94
phys.org
Scientists turn handheld car gadget into wildfire early-warning tool
Researchers at King's College London have converted an off-the-shelf product, usually used to determine whether car window tint is legal, into a scientific instrument that can measure leaf water content in seconds.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 19h
Seven candidate markers in human milk are linked to maternal nutrition and infant growth—and may reflect the function of the gland that produces it.
medicalxpress.com
Human milk offers a window into mammary gland function—and its links to infant growth
A study led by researchers at NYU Grossman School of Medicine identified shared molecular patterns in human milk that link maternal nutrition, mammary gland biology and infant growth.
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Science X / Phys.org @sciencex.bsky.social · 19h
Giant dogs lose about 35% more DNA marks restraining LINE1 “jumping genes” each year than small breeds, on average. Fading control may partly explain their faster aging. doi.org/hcmw93
phys.org
Fading control over 'jumping genes' may explain why big dogs age faster
Across mammals, larger species typically have longer lifespans, ranging from only a couple of years for mice to almost 200 years for some whales.
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