Kuzuoglu-Ozturk et al. showcase a therapeutic approach, “translatome therapy,” to combat lethal prostate cancer. Zotatifin, a clinical molecule, targets the RNA-helicase eIF4A. Zotatifin decreases the select translation of key oncogenes, androgen receptor (AR), and HIF1α through remodeling their 5′ UTR RNA structure. Zotatifin enhances anti-androgen and radiotherapy sensitivity, highlighting a promising anti-cancer treatment.

Understanding the interactions between various mRNA features—such as RNA modifications, poly(A) tail length, and splicing—has been highly sought after but remains largely elusive. Here, Kim and Savill...

Translational control is emerging as a key regulator of cancer. The RNA-binding protein PABPC1 is shown to drive chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) by enhancing the translation of pro-oncogenic mRNAs thr...

In Cancer Cell, two studies unveil mechanisms by which co-option of the protein synthesis machinery promotes cancer progression and potential therapeutic interventions. Kuzuoglu-Ozturk et al. show that eIF4A-mediated enhancement of oncogenic transcript translation initiation drives cancer progression, while Weller et al. demonstrate how aberrant transfer RNA (tRNA) modification disrupts translational fidelity to produce neoantigens.

Kuzuoglu-Ozturk et al. showcase a therapeutic approach, “translatome therapy,” to combat lethal prostate cancer. Zotatifin, a clinical molecule, targets the RNA-helicase eIF4A. Zotatifin decreases the select translation of key oncogenes, androgen receptor (AR), and HIF1α through remodeling their 5′ UTR RNA structure. Zotatifin enhances anti-androgen and radiotherapy sensitivity, highlighting a promising anti-cancer treatment.

Kuzuoglu-Ozturk et al. showcase a therapeutic approach, “translatome therapy,” to combat lethal prostate cancer. Zotatifin, a clinical molecule, targets the RNA-helicase eIF4A. Zotatifin decreases the select translation of key oncogenes, androgen receptor (AR), and HIF1α through remodeling their 5′ UTR RNA structure. Zotatifin enhances anti-androgen and radiotherapy sensitivity, highlighting a promising anti-cancer treatment.

UCSF scientists discover how cancer cells hijack the protein factory of the cell to churn out MYC protein, the driver of 70% of all cancers.

Nature - The lysine methyltransferase SMYD5 and its newly identified substrate ribosomal protein L40 are implicated in the progression of gastric adenocarcinoma, and ablation of SMYD5 prevents...

The hundreds of copies of ribosomal-DNA genes are the dark-matter of the human genome as it is unknown whether they possess sequence variation that forms different types of ribosomes. Here, we have overcome the technical hurdle of long-read sequencing of full-length ribosomal-RNA (rRNA) and developed an efficient algorithm for rRNA-variant detection. We discovered hundreds of variants that are not silent but are incorporated into translating ribosomes. These include tens of abundant variants within functionally important domains of the ribosome. Strikingly, variants assemble into distinct ribosome subtypes encoded on different chromosomes. With this first atlas of expressed rRNA-variants, we discover the impact of rRNA variation on health and disease. Across human tissues, we observe tissue-specific variant expression in endoderm/ectoderm derived tissues. In cancer, low abundant rRNA-variants become highly expressed. Together, this study provides a curated atlas for exploring rRNA variation and functionally links ribosome variation to tissue-specific biology and cancer. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

Programmed ribosomal frameshifting is essential for SARS-CoV-2 replication. Through genome-wide CRISPR screening, Rehfeld et al. find a requirement for ribosome recycling factors in efficient frameshifting and viral replication. The unique position of the ORF1a stop codon in SARS-CoV-2 necessitates the efficient removal of post-termination ribosomes to enable frameshifting of trailing ribosomes.

Oltion et al. unveil a ubiquitin ligase network in charge of ensuring translation factor quality control in response to stalled ribosomes.

eIF4E guides a unique mechanism of specific gene expression in quiescent blood precursors to retain early, immature states.

Nature - RibosomeST—a ribosome with a specialized nascent polypeptide exit tunnel—cotranslationally regulates the folding of a subset of male germ-cell-specific proteins that are...

Nature Cancer - Earnest-Noble et al. report the opposing regulation during breast cancer metastasis of two isoleucyl tRNAs that decode synonymous codons, leading to divergent regulation of...