Hominin dispersal out of Africa may have corresponded with exchanges of other fauna out of Africa. Here, the authors examine taxonomic and functional similarities in Eurasian and African fossil communities across 10 million years, finding no evidence of changes associated with faunal dispersal waves or hominin perturbations.

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Mammals often follow peculiar evolutionary trajectories on islands, with some Pleistocene insular large mammals exhibiting reduced relative brain size. However, the antiquity of this phenomenon remain...

Mammals often follow peculiar evolutionary trajectories on islands, with some Pleistocene insular large mammals exhibiting reduced relative brain size. However, the antiquity of this phenomenon remains unclear. Here, we report the first digital endocast ...

Currently, little is known about the early evolution and geographical origin of Salamandridae, the most species-rich family of Palearctic salamanders. The description of new fossil material from the e...

Background Species richness increases gradually as latitude decreases, however, the explanation for this phenomenon remains unclear. Ecological hypotheses suggest that greater niche diversity in tropi...

3D geometric morphometrics reveal how phylogeny, allometry, and locomotor adaptations shape the morphology of the ruminant astragalus, highlighting its integrated nature and evolutionary constraints.

3D geometric morphometrics reveal how phylogeny, allometry, and locomotor adaptations shape the morphology of the ruminant astragalus, highlighting its integrated nature and evolutionary constraints.