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Phil Lynch

@physlynch.bsky.social
701 followers 374 following 67 posts

Irish gravitational physicist at the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) in Germany modelling gravitational waves from black hole binaries for the upcoming LISA mission

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Reposted by Phil Lynch
Dr Shanika Galaudage @astronerdika.bsky.social · 14/09/2026
OTD 11 years ago we discovered an event that birthed a whole new field of astronomy ✨ Happy Birthday #GW150914! 🥳 #GravitationalWaves #BlackHoles
Image of Figure 1 of the discovery paper showing an eight panel plot with 2 columns and 4 rows. Each row shows the observed gravitational wave signal over time, reconstructed signal against waveform template over time, the residual over time and frequency time graph showing the signal amplitude in colour map. Each column shows the signal observed in each of the LIGO detectors.
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 08/08/2026
I made this package to help efficiently construct and evaluate the various interpolating functions that we need for modelling the gravitational waves from extreme mass ratio inspirals, but I'm excited to see what others use it for
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 08/08/2026
I just released my first python package on PyP! If you ever wanted to perform Chebyshev interpolation in multiple dimensions then you should use ChebyshevND 🧪 ⚛️ 🧮 pypi.org/project/Cheb...
Two python plots. The one on the right shows a continuous function f(x), the Chebyshev nodes it is sampled on and the smooth interpolant. The left plot shows the absolute difference between the original function and the interpolant which is on the order of 10 to the power of negative 9.
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 30/06/2026
Happy to announce my work on applying NITs to the dynamics of eccentric comparable mass black hole binaries is finally on the arxiv! I've been working on this project since I started my postdoc so I am delighted to finally get this over the line! arxiv.org/abs/2606.30594
arxiv.org
Efficient Eccentric Effective-One-Body Dynamics via Near-Identity Averaging Transformations
Next-generation gravitational-wave detectors, such as LISA, the Einstein Telescope, and Cosmic Explorer, will require accurate and efficient models of long-lived black-hole binary signals, including t...
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Peter Coles 🏳️‍🌈 🏳️‍⚧️ 🇮🇪 @telescoper.bsky.social · 27/05/2026
Here's an Open Letter about the new "strategy" from Research Ireland. You might consider signing it. #Speirgorm openletter.earth/concern-abou...
openletter.earth
Concern about Research Ireland’s Strategy and Programme Plan
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Astrobites @astrobites.bsky.social · 10/05/2026
From @laurie-amen.bsky.social: Did you know that many observed black holes theoretically shouldn’t exist? Today’s paper gathers gravitational wave evidence for how these impossible black holes might have formed. ⚛️ 🔭 ☄️ 🧪 astrobites.org/2026/05/09/many-mergers-might-fill-mass-gap/
astrobites.org
Many Mergers Might Fill the Mass Gap
Did you know that many observed black holes theoretically shouldn’t exist? Today’s paper gathers gravitational wave evidence for how these impossible black holes might have formed.
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Olly Long @hyperbolly.bsky.social · 16/11/2025
How much information can we gain by pushing numerical relativity to its limit by simulating black hole scattering encounters? My latest paper (below) explores these extreme regions of the black-hole scattering parameter space using simulations generated using the Spectral Einstein Code (SpEC).
arxiv.org
Black-hole scattering with numerical relativity: Self-force extraction and post-Minkowskian validation
The asymptotic nature of unbound binary-black-hole encounters provides a clean method for comparing different approaches for modeling the two-body problem in general relativity. In this work, we use n...
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Black Hole Perturbation Toolkit @bhptoolkit.bsky.social · 22/10/2025
Three papers from the Multiscale Self-Force (MSF) collaboration on the arXiv yesterday that made use of the BHPToolkit. The first was "Spin-aligned inspiral waveforms from self-force and post-Newtonian theory" by Loïc Honet et al. arxiv.org/abs/2510.16112
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 16/09/2025
In all the papers I’ve been first author on, I’ve gone with no hyphens. But I have also co-authored papers with “extreme mass-ratio inspiral” and “extreme-mass-ratio inspiral”, so it depends how much you personally like hyphens
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Event Horizon Telescope @ehtelescope.bsky.social · 16/09/2025
Groundbreaking new image! The EHT reveals the dynamic environment around black hole M87*. The 2021 image shows a distinct shift in polarization patterns, tracing changes in magnetic fields near the event horizon. eventhorizontelescope.org/new-eht-imag...
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Black Hole Perturbation Toolkit @bhptoolkit.bsky.social · 16/09/2025
Recent paper the cites the BHPToolkit: "Systematic errors in fast relativistic waveforms for Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals" by Hassan Khalvati, Philip Lynch, Ollie Burke, Lorenzo Speri, Maarten van de Meent, Zachary Nasipak, arxiv.org/abs/2509.08875
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Peter Coles 🏳️‍🌈 🏳️‍⚧️ 🇮🇪 @telescoper.bsky.social · 14/09/2025
A Decade of Gravitational Waves This is just a quick post to mark the fact that it is now ten years to the day since the first detection of gravitational waves by Advanced LIGO. The acronym LIGO stands for Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory. It wasn't until February 11th 2016 that…
telescoper.blog
A Decade of Gravitational Waves
This is just a quick post to mark the fact that it is now ten years to the day since the first detection of gravitational waves by Advanced LIGO. The acronym LIGO stands for Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory. It wasn't until February 11th 2016 that the result was announced at a press conference (which I blogged about here), but the signal itself arrived on 14th September 2015, exactly a decade ago; the name given to the event was GW150914.
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 12/09/2025
In short: so long as we're careful, fast EMRI waveforms can be accurate enough for LISA’s science goals including pushing general relativity to its limits
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 12/09/2025
The good news is if interpolation errors are controlled so that they’re no bigger than the small mass ratio (say 1 part in 100,000), they won’t hurt parameter estimation.
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 12/09/2025
We found that: 1️⃣ For rapidly spinning black holes, you need to include at least ~30 modes to avoid bias. 2️⃣ A smart interpolation method using Chebyshev polynomials can be more efficient, reaching the needed accuracy with far fewer data points, while still being fast enough
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 12/09/2025
Our new study looks at hidden systematic errors that can crop up when calculating the flux. We focused on two culprits: 1️⃣ Cutting off the calculation of higher modes 2️⃣ Errors introduced when using interpolating the flux to create fast waveform models
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 12/09/2025
We focus on leading order (adiabatic) waveform models where one only needs to balance the flux of energy leaving the system in the form of gravitational waves with the orbital energy lost by smaller black hole
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 12/09/2025
But there’s a challenge: to decode these signals, we need waveform models that are both super accurate (tiny phase errors matter!) and super fast (millions of templates are needed to search data).
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 12/09/2025
EMRIs can orbit hundreds of thousands of times before merging. Their gravitational waves carry a detailed map of spacetime near supermassive black holes, providing a unique test of Einstein’s theory in the strongest gravity we can observe.
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 12/09/2025
Future space missions like LISA will listen to gravitational waves from some of the most extreme events in the universe: Extreme Mass-Ratio Inspirals (EMRIs). These are systems where a stellar mass black hole spirals into a supermassive one while emitting low frequency graviational waves
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 12/09/2025
New paper on the arXiv today about systematic errors when modelling the gravitation waveform from extreme mass ratio inspirals and their impact on LISA data science Huge thanks to my collaborators, especially Hassan Khalvati, for getting this project over the line! 🧪⚛️🔭🧮 arxiv.org/abs/2509.08875
A posting on the arXiv preprint server. 

Title: Systematic errors in fast relativistic waveforms for Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals

Authors: Hassan Khalvati, Philip Lynch, Ollie Burke, Lorenzo Speri, Maarten van de Meent, Zachary Nasipak

Abstract: Accurate modeling of Extreme Mass-Ratio Inspirals (EMRIs) is essential for extracting reliable information from future space-based gravitational wave observatories. Fast waveform generation frameworks adopt an offline/online architecture, where expensive relativistic computations (e.g. self-force and black hole perturbation theory) are performed offline, and waveforms are generated rapidly online via interpolation across a multidimensional parameter space. In this work, we investigate potential sources of error that result in systematic bias in these relativistic waveform models, focusing on radiation-reaction fluxes. Two key sources of systematics are identified: (i) the intrinsic inaccuracy of the flux data, for which we focus on the truncation of the multipolar mode sum, and (ii) interpolation errors from transitioning to the online stage. We quantify the impact of mode-sum truncation and analyze interpolation errors by using various grid structures and interpolation schemes. For circular orbits in Kerr spacetime with spins larger than a≥0.9, we find that ℓmax≥30 is required for the necessary accuracy. We also develop an efficient Chebyshev interpolation scheme, achieving the desired accuracy level with significantly fewer grid points compared to spline-based methods. For circular orbits in Kerr spacetimes, we demonstrate via Bayesian studies that interpolating the flux to a maximum global relative error that is equal to the small mass ratio is sufficient for parameter estimation purposes. For 4-year long quasi-circular EMRI signals with SNRs=O(100) and mass-ratios 10^−4−10^−6, a global relative error of 10−6 yields mismatches <10^−3 and negligible parameter estimation biases.
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Olly Long @hyperbolly.bsky.social · 21/05/2025
I’m incredibly proud to be part of this and to have my simulations turn into the first publicly available scattering and dynamical capture waveforms! Below is a plot I made for the Einstein Toolkit Blue Book (arXiv:2503.12263) showing the waveforms SXS:BBH:3999 (scatter) and SXS:BBH:4000 (capture).
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SXS Collaboration @sxs-collaboration.bsky.social · 15/05/2025
When simulating orbiting black holes, we move our grid with the holes! One of the key lessons of general relativity is coordinates are meaningless. We exploit this to choose comoving coordinates where the metric changes as little as possible. www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4WG... 🧪⚛️🔭
youtube.com
A visualization of the moving mesh in binary black hole merger inspiral simulation
YouTube video by SXS Collaboration
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LISA Community @lisacommunity.bsky.social · 10/04/2025
Welcome to the #LECSTalks! series, where we showcase the people, activity, and science taking place around the LISA Early Career Scientists community. 🎤 Today we feature Ben Leather, postdoctoral researcher at the MPI for Grav Physics, talking about Waveform Modelling with Gravitational Self-Force.
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EGO and the Virgo Collaboration @egovirgo.bsky.social · 20/03/2025
🍾The LIGO - Virgo - KAGRA Collaboration has announced the detection of the 200th candidate gravitational wave signal in this fourth observation period O4!
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astrafoxen @astrafoxen.bsky.social · 12/03/2025
I spent almost 2 hours painstakingly copying the orbits of all 128 Saturnian moons from the announcement MPEC and reformatting them for visualization... Behold, here are the orbits of ALL 128 MOONS OF SATURN. This isn't just a moon system—it's a literal asteroid belt around Saturn! 🧪🔭☄️
Saturn's outer moon system viewed from the north pole of Saturn. Moons orbiting in clockwise (retrograde) orbits have red-colored orbits while moons orbiting counterclockwise (prograde; in the direction of Saturn's spin) are colored blue. With so many irregular moons occupying the same region and intersecting each other, the irregular moon system looks like a donut-shaped vortex surrounding Saturn.

Each of the 128 new moons is highlighted in the diagram with a white point representing their location, and a brighter-colored orbit. Previously-known moons of Saturn are included in the diagram, but are colored darker.

The regular moons of Saturn are colored turquoise and the outermost regular moons (Titan, Hyperion, and Iapetus) labeled with their name.

At the lower left corner are scale indicators to help visualize the scale of Saturn's irregular moon system. A small gray circle at the left left corner is shown to represent the diameter of the Earth-Moon orbital distance. A linear scale bar is labeled "10 million km" (6.2 million mi) to give a standard distance.View of Saturn's irregular moon system, tilted at an angle to show the toroidal belt-like shape of the system. Each moon is labeled with their names in turquioise. Red orbits = retrograde direction, and blue orbits = prograde direction. Turquoise curves closer to the center are orbits of Saturn's regular moons.Side view of Saturn's irregular moon system, tilted at an angle to show the toroidal belt-like shape of the system. Red orbits = retrograde direction, and blue orbits = prograde direction. Turquoise curves closer to the center are orbits of Saturn's regular moons.

The irregular moons of Neptune (dark green) are also visible in the background to the right of Saturn. The horizontal red line protruding right of Saturn is the orbit path of Saturn.
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Eryn Cangi, PhD @planetaryemc2.bsky.social · 10/03/2025
I just don't know what else to say at this point except call your reps (5calls.org) and keep fighting. Do not ignore the chaos. Keeping your head down will not protect you 🔭 #PlanetaryScience #Exoplanets nasawatch.com/ask-the-admi...
nasawatch.com
The NASA RIF Has Begun
This was just sent to the NASA workforce:
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KateGraphics @kategraphics.bsky.social · 07/03/2025
The hardest part of creating a design? Posting it on social media, but anyway, here it is! Neutron stars are insanely dense,(teaspoon of neutron star would weight 4 billion tons on Earth). Some are pulsars, like beacons in space or/and magnetars! 🔭Store: kategraphiccreations.etsy.com #sciart
Neutron star poster, shown with geometric pulsars going out of it and a magnetic field, geometric, art deco, futuristic #sciart
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KateGraphics @kategraphics.bsky.social · 23/02/2025
"The team predicts that the two neutron stars will spiral slowly toward each other in a cosmic dance, ultimately colliding in a kilonova explosion." Inspired by @skuthunur.bsky.social article & thanks to @astro-jje.bsky.social for patiently answering all my silly binary star questions! #Sciart
Poster of two binary stars orbiting each other, it has elements that come from the merge of the two stars coming out, like Au,Ag,Th,Rh,Gd,Pu,Pd,Eu art deco style, minimalistic #Sciart
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Black Hole Perturbation Toolkit @bhptoolkit.bsky.social · 21/02/2025
The 🎉200th paper 🎉 that cites the BHPToolkit: "Lensing and wave optics in the strong field of a black hole" by Juno C. L. Chan, Conor Dyson, Matilde Garcia, Jaime Redondo-Yuste, Luka Vujeva, arxiv.org/abs/2502.14073
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Jake Postiglione @jakepost.tech · 18/02/2025
Ever wonder how gravitational wave detectors like LISA would hear the signal of binary black holes orbiting around a supermassive black hole? 🔭 Well check out my first 1st author paper investigating that very topic, live on the arXiv today! 🔥📄 arxiv.org/abs/2502.10591 Explainer in 🧵👇 1/10
arxiv.org
Evolution of LISA Observables for Binary Black Holes Lensed by an SMBH
Binary black holes (BBH) are expected to form and merge in active galactic nuclei (AGN), deep in the potential well of a supermassive black hole (SMBH), from populations that exist in a nuclear star c...
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LIGO Scientific Collaboration @ligo.org · 11/02/2025
#February11 is the International Day of Women and Girls in Science #IDWGS. Meet some of our international #WomenInSTEM through #HumansOfLIGO 1/🧵
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Black Hole Perturbation Toolkit @bhptoolkit.bsky.social · 10/02/2025
A new major update to the Teukolsky package has been released (version 1.1.0). A major new feature the the ability to PN expand various Teukolsky radial functions (contribution from Jakob Neef)
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👻 Saavik ‘Spooky Season’ Ford 🎃 @saavikford.bsky.social · 09/02/2025
Ok doomscrollers, here is a HAPPY news story from Gizmodo about LISA, the gravitational wave observatory that will be launched by ESA, with NASA support, in the mid-2030s (I’m quoted, as are @jakepost.tech & Emanuele Berti). 🧪🔭⚛️
gizmodo.com
LISA: What the Revolutionary Gravitational Wave Observatory Will Actually See
LISA is set to revolutionize our understanding of the gravitational universe and the interactions that make the entire cosmos turn.
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Emily Hunt @emily.space · 04/02/2025
A very fascinating paper went up on the arXiv today! Jesse Han & El-Badry et al. reanalysed the 21 known 'hypervelocity' stars in the #milkyway. They find strong evidence that the LMC (Large Milky/Magellanic Cloud) has a supermassive black hole at its core! 🤯 arxiv.org/abs/2502.00102
A figure from the paper (Figure 4). It shows the locations of known hypervelocity stars as black circles, with the predicted overdensity that the LMC would cause shown in red. Full caption:

Predicted on-sky overdensity of hypervelocity stars originating from a 6 × 105M⊙ supermassive black hole in the
LMC. The black open circles denote the Galactic coordinates of hypervelocity stars detected in the HVS Survey, while the
grey-shaded regions mark areas excluded from the survey. The current position of the LMC is illustrated with a representative
image, and its orbital trajectory is drawn with a red arrow. The forward model incorporating an SMBH in the LMC along with
the selection effects of the HVS Survey predicts a prominent overdensity of HVS in the region enclosed by the red contours. The
overdensity arises because stars are boosted in the direction of the LMC’s orbit. This model accurately reproduces the observed
overdensity location, supporting the hypothesis of an SMBH in the LMC as a source of these stars.
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Markus Pössel @mpoessel.de · 25/01/2025
When things go well, preparing for a lecture is one of my happy places. I get to read, and understand better, stuff that I'm interested in. I get to make diagrams and animations, always fun. Here is an animation of the motion of a star in a disk galaxy for your viewing pleasure: 1/ 🧪🔭
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 14/01/2025
Congrats!!
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European Space Agency @esa.int · 09/01/2025
Hello @bsky.app, here's to looking into more #bluesky and beyond... 😉
Image of the Moon, on a background of the blackness of space, and foreground at right of Earth's atmosphere in shades of blue, taken by ESA astronaut André Kuipers from the ISS in 2012.
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Nihar Gupte @nihar-gupte.bsky.social · 08/01/2025
Woke up this morning to see the sad news of the Palisades and Eaton fires. I hope everyone, their families, and pets are ok. I can't imagine what kind of anxiety it is wondering if your home is ok or not :( Here's some info on the fires based on a project I was working on in 2019. 1/11
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Black Hole Perturbation Toolkit @bhptoolkit.bsky.social · 06/01/2025
First arXiv paper of 2025 that cites the BHPToolkit: "Post-adiabatic waveform-generation framework for asymmetric precessing binaries", Josh Mathews, Adam Pound, arxiv.org/abs/2501.01413
arxiv.org
Post-adiabatic waveform-generation framework for asymmetric precessing binaries
Recent years have seen rapid progress in calculations of gravitational waveforms from asymmetric compact binaries containing spinning secondaries. Here we outline a complete waveform-generation scheme...
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depths of wikipedia @depthsofwikipedia.bsky.social · 03/01/2025
amazing terminology for the hypothetical moon of a moon
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Rhiannon Silva @rhiannonsilva.bsky.social · 01/01/2025
Happy birthday to “the most brilliant PhD thesis ever written in astronomy”! Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin completed her thesis on January 1st, 1925*. She found that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, counter to the idea of the time, that the Sun and Earth were made of similar materials.
Title page from the thesis:

HARVARD OBSERVATORY MONOGRAPHS


HARLOW SHAPLEY, EDITOR


No. 1


STELLAR ATMOSPHERES


A CONTRIBUTION TO THE OBSERVATIONAL
STUDY OF HIGH TEMPERATURE IN THE
REVERSING LAYERS OF STARS


BY


CECILIA H. PAYNE


PUBLISHED BỶ THE OBSERVATORY


CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS


1925


John G. Wolbach Library, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for AstrophysicsA black and white photo of Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin. Credit: Smithsonian Institution.
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Martin Bauer @martinmbauer.bsky.social · 19/12/2024
Could we tell whether anyone in our galaxy uses a warp drive? This sounds like a crazy question, but it can be answered using numerical GR (one of the fun highlights of the annual theory meeting presented by Katy Clough) 🧵1/7
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 15/12/2024
As people have said, mathematics education is a form of cognitive exercise. The same could be achieved with sudoko puzzles or chess etc. But having extensive knowledge of chess opening theory won’t help you when you go to college to start a STEM or business course
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 15/12/2024
I always see people say “why don’t they teach us how taxes work or how to budget” and I can’t help but think “you can do both, because I did in Ireland. Maybe the problem is with the US education system, not with mathematics”
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Phil Lynch @physlynch.bsky.social · 15/12/2024
Why is it when people dunk on how useless maths is, they always chose the quadratic formula and the Pythagorean theorem? As if these aren’t foundational and practical concepts you can learn at a highschool level
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Nihar Gupte @nihar-gupte.bsky.social · 15/12/2024
I visited #Tokyo, #Kyoto, #Osaka, #Nara and Mt. #Fuji for ~2 weeks. #Japan, is a cool place with amazing people! I do travel sketchbooking so I thought I would share my sketches. Usually, they’re scribbled at the sites in awkward positions, but the sketches feel way more organic that way.
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Black Hole Perturbation Toolkit @bhptoolkit.bsky.social · 13/12/2024
Recent paper that cites the BHPToolkit: "Ringdown of a postinnermost stable circular orbit of a rapidly spinning black hole: Mass ratio dependence of higher harmonic quasinormal mode excitation" by Daiki Watarai, arxiv.org/abs/2408.167...
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Leo C. Stein @duetosymmetry.com · 11/12/2024
🎉New paper day🎉 A tale of tails! Finally resolved in fully nonlinear 3+1d numerical relativity with @sxs-collaboration.bsky.social simulations. Late-time tails in nonlinear evolutions of merging black holes De Amicis et al. arxiv.org/abs/2412.06887 What's it all about? 🧪⚛️🔭🧮 1/15
Screenshot of title/author list/abstract of the paper linked in postFigure 1 and caption from the paper. The horz axis is retarded time u after the peak, in units of M. The vertical axis is R|\dot{h}_{20}|/\nu, on a log scale. We see 4 curves, almost exactly on top of each other. Three are from NR simulations at q=1, 2, 3. The fourth is form perturbation theory. They all show an exponentially decaying ringing, followed by a power-law tail. An inset shows the "instantaneous power law index" for each curve, as a function of retarded time, all in rough agreement between -1.5 and -2.
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Daniel Green @dangreen.bsky.social · 08/12/2024
Dec 8 - EFT / model building and the anomalous perihelion of mercury arxiv.org/abs/1106.1568 Wells explores how a model building / EFT approach to explaining Mercury's orbit would have worked. He introduces 3 ideas that all can work, and are realized in GR in different gauges.
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