Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 04/10/2026What happens when agents act on beliefs? We introduce and compare belief-based active inference with the belief-based Maximum Occupancy Principle (MOP). 🔹 Active inference tends to resolve uncertainty. 🔹 MOP can maintain uncertainty—leading to broader path occupancy. arxiv.org/abs/2609.39342 120
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 09/09/2026How does the brain maintain homeostasis? I propose an HMM control framework and benchmark it against leading accounts—including control-as-inference, free energy, variational inference, and the maximum occupancy principle. arxiv.org/abs/2609.07508 032
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteIsmael T. Freire @ishmajl.bsky.social · 27/08/2026Would you mind helping us spread the word a little? :) Would be very much appreciated! 😊🙏 @adriamilcar.bsky.social @clemmoulinfrier.bsky.social @tonyjprescott.bsky.social @ricardsole.bsky.social @morenobote.bsky.social @wiringthebrain.bsky.social @pessoabrain.bsky.social @anilseth.bsky.social 011
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteDemetrio Ferro @d-ferro.bsky.social · 28/07/2026Thanks to co-authors @morenobote.bsky.social and @benhayden.bsky.social for such a great opportunity, to @upf.edu, @crmatematica.bsky.social, and all supporters. 🧠🧪 #neurojc #neuroscience #neuropapers #compneuro #neuroeconomics #neurosky #academicsky #neuroskynce #decisionmaking #BehavioralEcology 051
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteDemetrio Ferro @d-ferro.bsky.social · 28/07/2026Using a reference-dependent model based on Prospect Theory (PT), we reveal a functional asymmetry: More neurons encoded potential gains than losses, and gain-related signals were more tightly aligned with choices. This highlights a bias toward positive, goal-relevant outcomes in dACC value coding. 162
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteDemetrio Ferro @d-ferro.bsky.social · 28/07/2026The core novelty of our model stands in the definition of a Prospect Theory (Kahneman & Tversky 1979) inspired reference r(ATC) that dynamically models the utility u(v,ATC) as the comparison of alternative offers for ATC<3 🤑 (r(ATC)→0) and of offer value to missing tokens (r(ATC)→6-ATC) for ATC≥3 😬. 152
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteDemetrio Ferro @d-ferro.bsky.social · 28/07/2026Even when explicitly modeling interactions between value and token accumulation, neural encoding remained primarily driven by value signals. However, these signals were subtly reshaped across the task, suggesting that token accumulation modulates, but does not simply scale, value representations. 152
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteDemetrio Ferro @d-ferro.bsky.social · 28/07/2026At the neural level we found that dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) encodes subjective value (SV) and ATC. SV-related signals peak during offer presentation, while ATC signals are sustained across the task, indicating progress monitoring. SV- but not ATC-related signals correlate with choices. 162
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteDemetrio Ferro @d-ferro.bsky.social · 28/07/2026Importantly, this change followed a structured pattern: risk-taking attitude 🤑 increased early on (ATC<3), peaked around ATC=3, and decreased 😬 near jackpot (ATC≥3). This inverse-u profile clearly outlines that choices are guided by a shifting internal reference point tied to progress toward reward. 142
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteDemetrio Ferro @d-ferro.bsky.social · 28/07/2026Accumulating tokens also reshapes risk preferences. Subjects are more risk-seeking when far from the jackpot, but became increasingly risk-averse as they approached it, especially when decisions were easier. This reveals a dynamic shift in strategy as ATC increases ↗️ and the goal becomes attainable. 132
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteDemetrio Ferro @d-ferro.bsky.social · 28/07/2026Looking more closely, a clear pattern emerges: errors (i.e.,best choice misses) decrease as ATC increases, particularly when choices were not so trivial 🎰 (A). This improvement was most prominent at intermediate difficulty, indicating improved ability to discriminate between competing options 🧐 (B). 142
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteDemetrio Ferro @d-ferro.bsky.social · 28/07/2026We adopted a task where risky decisions don’t pay off immediately, but deliver virtual tokens 🪙 to collect across trials. Hitting accumulated tokens count (ATC) = 6 leads to a jackpot reward delivery 💰, and ATC reset. Leading question: do decision strategies depend on such dynamic ATC reference? 142
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 28/07/2026This work led by @d-ferro.bsky.social with @benhayden.bsky.social shows how current wealth modulates behavior and value encoding. Kudos @d-ferro.bsky.social 032
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteDemetrio Ferro @d-ferro.bsky.social · 28/07/2026Excited to share our latest publication, out now in @natcomms.nature.com !🧠🔍 Accumulating virtual rewards enhances both decision-making accuracy and neural value encoding in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex by dynamically shifting a goal-dependent internal reference point. doi.org/10.1038/s414... 13013
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteJan Drugowitsch @jdrugowitsch.bsky.social · 13/07/2026I’m excited to collaborate with Núria Sebastián, @damianblasi.bsky.social, Luca Bonatti, Gustavo Deco, @morenobote.bsky.social, Salvador Soto, @summerfieldlab.bsky.social, and Juan Manuel Toro at @cbc-upf.bsky.social, and to connect with the broader @barccsyn.bsky.social community. 2/4 271
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteJan Drugowitsch @jdrugowitsch.bsky.social · 13/07/2026🚨 Big news 🚨 After 10 years at Harvard, my lab is moving to Barcelona in Spring 2027 to join @cbc-upf.bsky.social and the Department of Engineering at @upf.edu. 1/4 68818
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 13/07/2026🚨 Big news 🚨 @jdrugowitsch.bsky.social is moving to Barcelona in Spring 2027 to join us the Center for Brain and Cognition @cbc-upf.bsky.social and the Dept of Eng at @upf.edu, Barcelona, Spain. We keep building a research group focused on theoretical and computational neuroscience. 091
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 13/07/2026Jan, thank you for choosing the Center for Brain and Cognition and joining our efforts to understand the brain! Wishing you a successful senior career in Barcelona. 120
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 02/07/2026What happens when agents act on beliefs? We introduce and compare belief-based active inference with the belief-based Maximum Occupancy Principle (MOP). 🔹 Active inference tends to resolve uncertainty. 🔹 MOP can maintain uncertainty—leading to broader path occupancy. arxiv.org/abs/2609.39342 000
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 02/07/2026What happens when agents act on beliefs? We introduce and compare belief-based active inference with the belief-based Maximum Occupancy Principle (MOP). 🔹 Active inference tends to resolve uncertainty. 🔹 MOP can maintain uncertainty—leading to broader path occupancy. arxiv.org/abs/2609.39342 000
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 07/05/2026In case you are in Barcelona The Science of Motivation: Drive, Curiosity and Your Brain Wednesday 13th May - 7.30pm PAU Coworking and Creative Hub Tickets: luma.com/ojiwgc14?utm...luma.comThe Science of Motivation: Drive, Curiosity and Your Brain · LumaWhy do some goals light you up while others die the moment you write them down? Why does a robot programmed to "want" things behave nothing like a human who… 021
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 26/04/2026Preprint on how conscious experience might arise from the mental-simulation vs environment-coupling axis osf.io/preprints/ps... I am sure we made mistakes, but it was really fun to think with Pedro Maldonado about this in front of the Death Valleyosf.ioOSF 000
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 22/04/2026I am happy to share this new review on Intrinsically Motivated Intelligence academic.oup.com/edited-volum... 053
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 27/03/2026The Graviational Reward Function. I have been working on this side project for a while, and I am now happy to share this preprint. The reward function and acceleration cost for gravitation and Coulomb classical forces are uncovered. arxiv.org/abs/2603.25444arxiv.orgThe Reward Function and the Least Cost Principle for Gravitation and other Laws of PhysicsIf the universe follows a specific design, then a central question is which cost function is optimized by the observed forces. This is the problem of inverse optimal control, or inverse reinforcement ... 040
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 16/01/2026New preprint. A review on Intrinsic Motivation Theories arxiv.org/abs/2601.10276 In collaboration with an amazing teamarxiv.orgHow Intrinsic Motivation Underlies Embodied Open-Ended BehaviorAlthough most theories posit that natural behavior can be explained as maximizing some form of extrinsic reward, often called utility, some behaviors appear to be reward independent. For instance, spo... 0146
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 03/12/2025Relevant papers: openreview.net/forum?id=OcH... openreview.net/forum?id=mZH... www.nature.com/articles/s41... 000
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 03/12/2025Postdoc & PhD positions How intrinsic motivation underlies intelligent, open-ended and embodied behavior in natural and artificial agents Apply if interested sites.google.com/view/morenob... 298
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 28/11/20252/2 Alex Hyafil (neurons & cognition) Klaus Wimmer (neurons & cognition) Juanma Toro (language) upf.edu/web/mbc/acce... You will learn all you need to do research in cognitive and computational neuroscienceupf.eduAccess & admission - Master in Brain and Cognition - UPF 010
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 28/11/20251/2 Brain and Cognition Master at @UPFBarcelona Why to enroll here? Nuria Sebastian-Galles (language, Premio Nacional) Gustavo Deco (comp neuro) Chris Summerfield (cognition & AI) Salva Soto-Faraco (attention) Rubén Moreno-Bote (comp neuro & AI) 193
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 12/09/2025Relevant papers: www.nature.com/articles/s41... openreview.net/forum?id=OcH... openreview.net/forum?id=Sze...nature.comComplex behavior from intrinsic motivation to occupy future action-state path space - Nature CommunicationsIntelligent behavior of artificial agents and their design are usually considered as a reward maximization phenomenon, however, the reward function construction may be challenging. The authors introdu... 021
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 12/09/2025📷PhD Position in Computational Neuroscience and AI, Moreno-Bote Lab, Barcelona. 1 fully funded PhD position is available. Deadline November 2025. See post below. 193
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 11/09/2025www.upf.edu/web/phd-engi... Dorcas Muthoni PhD Fellowship at UPF, for Female Researchers of African nationality only. If you hold a degree in Physics, Computer Science or Mathematics, please, apply to my comp neuro theory lab. Send me your CV and transcript of grades to my email.upf.eduDorcas Muthoni PhD Fellowship - PhD in Information and Communication Technologies - UPF 021
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 07/07/2025Do you "look at nothing" when making a decision? Here we provide further evidence about the connection betwee gaze into nothing and decision confidence, revealing more on the sequential hidden dynamics of decisions journals.plos.org/plosone/arti...journals.plos.orgThe relationship between confidence and gaze-at-nothing oculomotor dynamics during decision-makingHow does confidence relate to oculomotor dynamics during decision-making? Do oculomotor dynamics reflect deliberation and the buildup of confidence in the absence of visual stimuli? Here we examine th... 020
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 03/06/2025I would not use any extrinsic reward function. Instead, I would use an intrinsic motivation. 020
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 07/05/2025Nice problem. If you had a perfect replica, then the answer is yes. But if you miss a single data point, then there will be divergence between predictions and reality. The only way to fill in the gap is to have a model of behavior, adding embodiment and a reason for the brain to exist. 000
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 10/03/2025Great work with @d-ferro.bsky.social and Ben Hayden 021
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 05/03/2025This position has already been filled. Thanks to all the applicants for making my choice tough. 010
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 05/03/2025You can find relevant papers here nature.com/articles/s41... nature.com/articles/s41... openreview.net/forum?id=yXW...nature.comComplex behavior from intrinsic motivation to occupy future action-state path space - Nature CommunicationsIntelligent behavior of artificial agents and their design are usually considered as a reward maximization phenomenon, however, the reward function construction may be challenging. The authors introdu... 040
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 05/03/2025You can find relevant papers here nature.com/articles/s41... nature.com/articles/s41... openreview.net/forum?id=yXW...nature.com 020
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 05/03/2025New open PhD position in Theoretical and Computational Neuroscience in my lab. We want to discover the basis of natural intelligence. Please, spread the word, and apply if interested. See more details below. 2248
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteAlex Hyafil @alexhyafil.bsky.social · 30/01/2025Our Barcelona-based summer school, BAMB! (bambschool.org) just opened applications! Come join us: 15-24th July, to learn how to model behavioral data using RL, Bayesian, latent variable models, RNNs, DDMs & more! #BAMB2025bambschool.orgBAMB!Course philosophy Our goal is to teach advanced techniques in model-based analysis of behavior (humans and other animals) to cognitive and computational neuroscientists at PhD and early career levels... 34127
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 08/12/2024You can find relevant papers here www.nature.com/articles/s41... www.nature.com/articles/s41... openreview.net/forum?id=yXW... openreview.net/forum?id=mZH...nature.comComplex behavior from intrinsic motivation to occupy future action-state path space - Nature CommunicationsIntelligent behavior of artificial agents and their design are usually considered as a reward maximization phenomenon, however, the reward function construction may be challenging. The authors introdu... 040
Rubén Moreno-Bote @morenobote.bsky.social · 08/12/2024Open PhD position in Theoretical and Computational Neuroscience in my lab. We want to discover the basis of natural intelligence. Please, spread the word, and apply if interested. See more details below. 3104
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteAlexander van Meegen @avm.bsky.social · 05/12/2024Would be great to be added. Thanks! Credentials: scholar.google.com/citations?us... 011
Reposted by Rubén Moreno-BoteChristoph Miehl @cmiehl.bsky.social · 05/12/2024Sure! Eg, here is my latest with Brent Doiron and others using linear response theory in circuits with multiple inhibitory subtypes: elifesciences.org/reviewed-pre... 051