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Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 03 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01041-3In this Consensus Statement, causality, therapeutic applications and preclinical models in microbiome research are critically assessed,…

Background and aims Quantifying systemic inflammation (SI) in acutely decompensated cirrhosis (ADC) is of major importance because SI is a driver of the most severe forms of ADC, including acute-on-ch...

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a condition associated with high mortality in the absence of liver transplantation. There have been various definitions proposed worldwide. The first consensus...