Identifying the origin of perforating lesions on fossil bone is often difficult, and many are considered tooth traces, in spite of more likely and more parsimonious etiologies. Much of this confusion ...

Cetaceans are a highly diverse and enigmatic group of animals with a well-documented evolutionary history. This Review describes the macroevolutionary and palaeobiological history of Cetacea, from the...

A 300-million-year-old fossil, previously celebrated as the world's oldest octopus, has been reclassified as a relative of the nautilus. Advanced synchrotron imaging revealed that the specimen, *Pohls

New evidence suggests that diffusive oxygen transport through the tracheolar–muscle system is not the limiting factor on insect body size.

Samples returned from the asteroid Ryugu contain all five canonical nucleobases (A, G, C, T and U). Their presence in Ryugu and Bennu supports the hypothesis that carbonaceous asteroids contributed to...

An international team of scientists led by the American paleontologist Paul Sereno spent three months in an extreme and hostile landscape before finding ‘Spinosaurus mirabilis’ skull material for the ...