Antibiotic resistance is frequently observed shortly after the clinical introduction of an antibiotic. Whether and how frequently that resistance occurred before the introduction is harder to determin...

Bacterial defense systems present considerable barriers to both phage infection and plasmid transformation. These systems target mobile genetic elements, limiting the efficacy of bacteriophage-based t...

Background Variation within the prokaryotic pangenome is not random, and natural selection that favours particular combinations of genes appears to dominate over random drift. What is less clear is wh...

This is a reference manual for the elegant, yet hideously complex concept of effective population size (Ne), inspired by a classic, self-published manual of automotive repair ‘for the compleat idiot’...

After a quarter of a century, the website remains an essential tool for navigating the genome and understanding its structure, function and clinical impact.

Mass spectrometry data mining tools enabled the creation of an MS/MS spectral library containing hundreds of N-acyl lipids, including conjugates with short-chain fatty acids. This resource enabled the...

Pioneer factor PAX7 highjacks control of DNA methylation maintenance, leading to enhancer demethylation and epigenetic memory.

Genomics is an increasingly important part of biology research. However, educating undergraduates in genomics is not yet a standard part of life sciences curricula. We believe this is, in part, due to...

A new DNA analysis has shown that the arrival of modern humans from Africa was far from smooth.

African trypanosomes can reduce their requirement for tsetse fly transmission, allowing an expanded geographical range. Here, molecular analyses of field and laboratory selected lines has identified a...