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Jørgen Holm

@jholm.bsky.social
1.1K followers 942 following 597 posts

Danish palaeolithic archaeologist, retired (and tired). Interests: The Middle Palaeolithic, especially Neanderthals. Late Palaeolithic: The Hamburgian -, Federmesser-, Bromme and Ahrensburgian Cultures. Excavations: Jels and Slotseng in Denmark.

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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 04/08/2026
What the Inside of an 850,000-Year-Old Skull Can Tell You open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
What the Inside of an 850,000-Year-Old Skull Can Tell You
Three parietal fragments from Gran Dolina just gave Homo antecessor its first adult cranial profile, and the layers inside its skull look surprisingly familiar
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 25/07/2026
The World Once Had Tens of Thousands of Languages. Almost All of Them Are Gone. open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The World Once Had Tens of Thousands of Languages. Almost All of Them Are Gone.
A new model suggests linguistic diversity peaked not in the deep Paleolithic, but during the age of empires — and that the languages we speak today are survivors of a bottleneck, not a representative
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 17/06/2026
What 4,500 Years of Greenland’s Garbage Reveals About Bacteria, Not Plagues open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
What 4,500 Years of Greenland’s Garbage Reveals About Bacteria, Not Plagues
A genomic survey of Inuit and Norse waste heaps found centuries-old pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes still detectable in the permafrost. The researchers also found they’re not going anywhere.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 17/06/2026
A 10,000-Year Radiocarbon Record Shows the High Pyrenees Were Never Empty open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
A 10,000-Year Radiocarbon Record Shows the High Pyrenees Were Never Empty
A new open-access database of 124 dated samples from Catalonia’s Aigüestortes National Park overturns the old assumption that high-altitude landscapes were marginal, seasonal, or uninhabited
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 09/06/2026
What the Stone Remembers open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
What the Stone Remembers
Geochemistry is tracing 780,000-year-old procurement decisions at one of the Levant’s most important Acheulian sites
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 02/06/2026
The Cave That Kept Giving open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Cave That Kept Giving
Thirty years of excavation at El Mirón have turned a limestone cave in Cantabrian Spain into one of the most complete records of human prehistory in Europe.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 01/06/2026
The Younger One Climbed More open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Younger One Climbed More
Two hominins, one valley, and what their bones reveal about the crooked path to upright walking
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 01/06/2026
Eleven Lines in a Welsh Cave open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
Eleven Lines in a Welsh Cave
The red marks in Bacon Hole were dismissed as a natural phenomenon almost a century ago. New dating puts them at 17,000 years old.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 27/05/2026
Three Bodies on a Floodplain: What a 100,000-Year-Old Site in Ethiopia Is Telling Us About Early Homo sapiens open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
Three Bodies on a Floodplain: What a 100,000-Year-Old Site in Ethiopia Is Telling Us About Early Homo sapiens
A rare open-air site in the Afar Rift preserves stone tools, animal bones, and three partial human skeletons — each with a different story about how they ended up in the ground.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 27/05/2026
The Kitka Man Went to Iceland open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Kitka Man Went to Iceland
A 16th-century Sámi burial in northern Finland held the bones of someone who didn't stay in one place
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 26/05/2026
The Tombs Were Not for Families open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Tombs Were Not for Families
Ancient DNA from Neolithic megalithic sites rewrites what we knew about kinship, mobility, and how monumental culture spread across Europe
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 21/05/2026
A Child Buried at the Edge of Britain, 11,000 Years Ago open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
A Child Buried at the Edge of Britain, 11,000 Years Ago
A cave in Cumbria holds the oldest human remains ever found in northern Britain — and the bones belong to a girl who died before she turned four.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 17/05/2026
Why Humans Are Right-Handed: Walking Upright May Have Started It, and Brain Growth Finished the Job open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
Why Humans Are Right-Handed: Walking Upright May Have Started It, and Brain Growth Finished the Job
A new phylogenetic analysis across 41 primate species traces the deep evolutionary origins of the most lopsided behavioral bias in the animal kingdom
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 09/05/2026
Kambiz Kamrani: Rhinoceros Teeth as Neanderthal Tools: Evidence from Experiment and the Fossil Record open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
Rhinoceros Teeth as Neanderthal Tools: Evidence from Experiment and the Fossil Record
A new study combines controlled archaeological experiments with microscopic analysis to argue that Neanderthals used rhinoceros teeth as hammers and anvils during stone tool production.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 29/04/2026
The Measure of a Neanderthal Mind open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Measure of a Neanderthal Mind
A new study finds that brain differences between Neanderthals and modern humans fall well within the variation seen among living people today
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 21/04/2026
The Kabua 1 Skull: What a Long-Neglected Kenyan Fossil Says About Late Pleistocene Human Diversity open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Kabua 1 Skull: What a Long-Neglected Kenyan Fossil Says About Late Pleistocene Human Diversity
Dated to at least 64,000 years old, the Kabua 1 cranium is mostly Homo sapiens and partly something harder to place.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 20/04/2026
John Hawks: How human evolution has been speeding up open.substack.com/pub/johnhawk...
open.substack.com
How human evolution has been speeding up
Providing some of the missing background for new research on natural selection from ancient DNA
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 16/04/2026
The Wood They Burned: Firewood, Driftwood, and Camp Selection 780,000 Years Ago open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Wood They Burned: Firewood, Driftwood, and Camp Selection 780,000 Years Ago
A new anthracological study from Gesher Benot Ya’aqov finds that early hominins chose their campsites partly around access to fuel.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 15/04/2026
Scan Before You Sample: Micro-CT Imaging, Ancient DNA, and the Ethics of the Petrous Bone open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
Scan Before You Sample: Micro-CT Imaging, Ancient DNA, and the Ethics of the Petrous Bone
A new study from Argentina finds that CT scanning doesn’t damage ancient DNA, making the case for digital preservation before destructive analysis.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 14/04/2026
The Three Fates of Faro Daba open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Three Fates of Faro Daba
Life and death snapshots from a 100,000-year-old Ethiopian refuge.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 07/04/2026
The Stone Seekers of Jojosi open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Stone Seekers of Jojosi
A site in South Africa's grasslands reveals that Homo sapiens were making dedicated quarrying expeditions 220,000 years ago — far earlier than the field assumed possible
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 07/04/2026
A 1.8-Million-Year-Old Elephant Butchery Site in Tanzania Rewrites the Timeline of Human Megafaunal Exploitation open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
A 1.8-Million-Year-Old Elephant Butchery Site in Tanzania Rewrites the Timeline of Human Megafaunal Exploitation
New spatial and taphonomic evidence from Olduvai Gorge suggests our ancestors were processing giant elephants far earlier — and more systematically — than the fossil record had indicated.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 27/03/2026
The Lehringen Spear, Revisited open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Lehringen Spear, Revisited
New analysis of a 125,000-year-old Neanderthal site in Germany settles old doubts about elephant hunting and reveals a far more versatile predator than the record suggested
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 24/03/2026
One Kind of Stone: What 60 Butchered Bison Reveal About Middle Pleistocene Planning open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
One Kind of Stone: What 60 Butchered Bison Reveal About Middle Pleistocene Planning
The site where hominins don’t behave the way they’re supposed to
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 23/03/2026
Monte Verde's Dates Are Wrong. Maybe. open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
Monte Verde's Dates Are Wrong. Maybe.
A new independent study argues the Americas' most famous pre-Clovis site is thousands of years younger than believed — and the original excavators are not having it.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 19/03/2026
The Bow Didn't Spread Gradually. It Arrived. open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Bow Didn't Spread Gradually. It Arrived.
New radiocarbon evidence rewrites the timeline of one of prehistory's most consequential weapon transitions — and reveals that how a technology spreads depends as much on ecology as on invention.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 17/03/2026
What Elephant Teeth Tell Us About Neanderthal Hunters open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
What Elephant Teeth Tell Us About Neanderthal Hunters
Strontium isotopes in 125,000-year-old molars reveal the surprisingly distant origins of the giant prey Neanderthals hunted at a German lakeside site
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 15/03/2026
Did Levallois tools make Neanderthals human? open.substack.com/pub/johnhawk...
open.substack.com
Did Levallois tools make Neanderthals human?
Evaluating a recent hypothesis from the geneticist David Reich, focusing on range expansion from Africa.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 13/03/2026
What a Fractured Skull Can Tell You About How Someone Died open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
What a Fractured Skull Can Tell You About How Someone Died
A new bioengineering framework helps archaeologists distinguish violent from accidental cranial trauma in the archaeological record.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 09/03/2026
A look at the Neanderthal deep cave structures from Bruniquel open.substack.com/pub/johnhawk...
open.substack.com
A look at the Neanderthal deep cave structures from Bruniquel
Ten years after describing the site, new work details ancient access to the cave.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 05/03/2026
A 7.2-Million-Year-Old Femur from Bulgaria and the Origins of Human Walking open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
A 7.2-Million-Year-Old Femur from Bulgaria and the Origins of Human Walking
A nearly complete thighbone from a Bulgarian fossil site suggests bipedalism may have evolved earlier than we thought, and not in Africa
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 04/03/2026
Possible Arrowheads from 80,000 Years Ago in Uzbekistan Are Rewriting Where Homo sapiens Came From open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
Possible Arrowheads from 80,000 Years Ago in Uzbekistan Are Rewriting Where Homo sapiens Came From
Tiny stone fragments in a Central Asian rock shelter are challenging the standard story of how our species first entered Europe
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 28/02/2026
Matrilineal networks may be the key to understanding Neanderthal mixture open.substack.com/pub/johnhawk...
open.substack.com
Matrilineal networks may be the key to understanding Neanderthal mixture
A new study focusing on the X chromosome finds repeated maternal dispersal bias in Neanderthal and modern evolution.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 27/02/2026
What Mosquitoes Remember About Homo erectus open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
What Mosquitoes Remember About Homo erectus
A new genomic study suggests the ancestors of Southeast Asia's deadliest malaria vectors started targeting humans nearly two million years ago — long before Homo sapiens arrived.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 27/02/2026
The X Chromosome That Rewrote What We Know About Neanderthal Sex open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The X Chromosome That Rewrote What We Know About Neanderthal Sex
A new study finds the interbreeding between our species was not random — and the pattern written into ancient DNA is strange enough to demand explanation.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 27/02/2026
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
nature.com
Palaeoanthropological evidence from China is changing the picture of hominin evolutionary history - Nature Ecology & Evolution
The authors review recent archaeological and palaeoanthropological discoveries from China and discuss how they change our understanding of human evolution.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 15/02/2026
John Hawks: Complex fiber and wood technologies of the first Great Basin peoples open.substack.com/pub/johnhawk...
open.substack.com
Complex fiber and wood technologies of the first Great Basin peoples
From Cougar Mountain Cave and Paisley Caves, Oregon, come remarkably preserved examples of perishable materials.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 14/02/2026
The Cave That Kept Calling Them Back open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Cave That Kept Calling Them Back
For 7,000 years, people in northern Britain buried their dead in the same limestone fissure. They weren't the same people.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 11/02/2026
The Site That Stopped Working: Bison Hunting and Drought in Late Holocene Montana open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Site That Stopped Working: Bison Hunting and Drought in Late Holocene Montana
When hunters abandoned a kill site after 700 years of use, the answer wasn't scarcity
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 08/02/2026
A Neanderthal time capsule from Grotta Guattari open.substack.com/pub/johnhawk...
open.substack.com
A Neanderthal time capsule from Grotta Guattari
Excavations of a new chamber reveal an ancient floor with more than a dozen new Neanderthal fossil remains.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 07/02/2026
When AI Imagines Neanderthals, It Dreams of the 1960s open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
When AI Imagines Neanderthals, It Dreams of the 1960s
A computational analysis reveals that generative AI produces representations of our extinct relatives that are decades out of date—and systematically biased.
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 05/02/2026
When Climate Doesn't Explain Everything: Two Toolkits, Two Worlds open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
When Climate Doesn't Explain Everything: Two Toolkits, Two Worlds
The puzzle starts with pollen
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 28/01/2026
The Prince and the Bear open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Prince and the Bear
What a lavish Ice Age burial reveals about a teenager’s violent final encounter
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 22/01/2026
www.independent.co.uk/news/science...
independent.co.uk
Giant mystery fossil reveals secrets of whole new form of life that no longer exists
Prototaxites belonged to an ‘entirely extinct evolutionary branch of life‘
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 22/01/2026
The Elephant Bone From Boxgrove That Sharpened Stone open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Elephant Bone That Sharpened Stone
A half-million-year-old tool from southern England reveals surprising skill in Acheulean hands
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 22/01/2026
The Robust Hominin That Refused to Stay Put open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
The Robust Hominin That Refused to Stay Put
A 2.6-million-year-old jaw from Ethiopia forces a rethink of Paranthropus and its place in human evolution
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 19/01/2026
John Hawks: A deep record of unknown hominins from Sulawesi open.substack.com/pub/johnhawk...
open.substack.com
A deep record of unknown hominins from Sulawesi
A cave known as Leang Bulu Bettue provides a record from the Middle Pleistocene across the arrival of modern people.
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Reposted by Jørgen Holm
Paul Montgomery @stonefishweirs.bsky.social · 23/12/2025
New Stone Age rock paintings discovered in Tingvoll, revealing a hidden prehistoric art landscape in Norway | Archaeology News Online Magazine share.google/79ZtUy5MYG1Z... #Norway #stoneage #fishart
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Jørgen Holm @jholm.bsky.social · 23/12/2025
Two Roads Out of Africa: What Teeth From Dmanisi Say About the First Global Humans open.substack.com/pub/anthropo...
open.substack.com
Two Roads Out of Africa: What Teeth From Dmanisi Say About the First Global Humans
A close reading of ancient molars from the Caucasus challenges the idea that a single human species led the earliest migration beyond Africa.
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Reposted by Jørgen Holm
Alison Fisk @alisonfisk.bsky.social · 02/12/2025
The incredible ‘Orkney Hood’ from Scotland! 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 So well preserved it looks like it was woven yesterday rather than some 1,500 years ago! It’s thought the hood was made for a child. Found in 1867 in a peat bog in St Andrews Parish, Orkney. National Museum of Scotland 📷 by me #Archaeology
My photo shows a museum mannequin wearing a brown-coloured woven woollen hood with a long knotted fringe. The remarkablely well preserved hood was found in a peat bog on the island of Orkney in 1867. Organic clothing rarely survives, but the lack of oxygen in the peaty conditions of the bog served to practically halt its decay. The hood has been radio-carbon dated to between AD 250 and AD 615. On display at the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh.
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