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New #NationalInstitutesOfHealth awards to surgeon-scientists declined in 2025, driven mainly by fewer new R01 awards, while K awards remained stable. ja.ma/4rFZfxD

Two graphs. A: Total new awards rise from ~60 in 2013 to ~100 in 2023, with an upward linear trend. B: New awards by sex from 2013-2025. Male awards (orange bars, ~45-70) are consistently higher than Female awards (grey bars, ~10-35), showing a large gender gap.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 13h

Among injured patients, Black patients were less likely to receive some #PrehospitalCare interventions, and these disparities were not significantly explained by neighborhood social determinants of health. ja.ma/3ThUvl8

JAMA Surgery: Racial Disparities in Prehospital Interventions among Injured Patients. Black patients, and those in disadvantaged communities, receive fewer prehospital airway, intubation, and blood products. These interventions reduce mortality by 30-37%.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 30/09/2026

For benign and low-grade #PancreaticHead tumors, enucleation was associated with more clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula vs pancreatoduodenectomy, but fewer major complications and shorter hospitalization. ja.ma/3ThIZpT

JAMA Surgery study compares Enucleation vs Pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic head tumors. 217 matched pairs. Enucleation had higher CR-POPF (33.2% vs 10.6%) but lower major complications (8.8% vs 17.1%), shorter hospital stay (9d vs 15d), and better 36-month health status. Best for tumors <=2.5cm.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 30/09/2026

In resectable #EsophagealCancer, robotic minimally invasive esophagectomy yielded more resected lymph nodes vs conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy, with similar postoperative complications and 1-year survival. ja.ma/4xXO2Kq

JAMA Surgery RCT comparing Robotic (RAMIE) vs Thoracolaparoscopic (MIE) Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer. 202 patients analyzed (181M, 21F, age 64.8). RAMIE yielded significantly more lymph nodes (median 36) than MIE (median 32), P=.005. Icons show surgical methods & human torso. 4 hospitals, 3 countries.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 25/09/2026

In #AI-generated letters for surgical trainees, 4 large language models used more agentic descriptors for male-gendered vs female-gendered names based on the same curriculum vitae. ja.ma/3VLFNU4

Table 2. AI-generated LOR descriptions for gendered names. It shows LLMs (ChatGPT-5, Gemini, Llama-4, Claude) generating different language. Male LORs emphasize productivity, expertise, and technical skills, while female LORs often focus on potential, personal, and interpersonal skills.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 24/09/2026

Among surgical faculty at 10 US medical centers, 41.1% reported seriously considering leaving, most often associated with unhappiness with leadership or governance, lacking work-life balance, and burnout. ja.ma/47dOYz7

JAMA Surgery: Factors Associated with Surgical Faculty's Desire to Leave Jobs in the US. 41.1% report seriously considering leaving. Faculty at first job are more likely (47.2% vs 32.1%). Reasons for leaving include unhappy governance, poor work-life balance, burnout, and seeking new leadership. Source: Sarkissyan et al.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 23/09/2026

In academic #Surgery, about 4 in 10 faculty surveyed were considering leaving their current job. Departmental governance, work-life balance, and burnout were leading factors, discussed in the latest JAMA Surgery Author Interviews podcast. 🎧 Listen now: edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/...

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 23/09/2026

In #TuboOvarianAbscess, transvaginal drainage did not establish noninferiority vs #laparoscopy for 6-week cure and required reintervention more often. ja.ma/4dwuGEC

JAMA Surgery infographic: RCT comparing transvaginal drainage (72.5% cure rate) vs laparoscopy (77.0% cure rate) for tubo-ovarian abscess in 201 women. Noninferiority of drainage to laparoscopy was not established. Includes medical procedure icons.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 23/09/2026

Among women with #BRCA1 or #BRCA2 pathogenic variants, the projected benefit of bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy declined with age but remained present into older age. ja.ma/3To6iy5

Study of 5,713 BRCA carriers (30-80 yrs) on Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy (BSO) benefits. Ovarian cancer risk increases with age for BRCA1/2. BSO's benefit decreases with age. Delayed BSO (30-50) yields 23.9% residual risk for BRCA1, 3.5% for BRCA2.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 18/09/2026

In patients receiving massive #transfusion, survival differed by exposure to ABO nonidentical blood components, with poorer outcomes observed when larger numbers of ABO-mismatched transfusions were given. ja.ma/4xuYzfJ

Table 2: Survival outcomes for patients receiving ABO identical vs. nonidentical RBC or component transfusions. It details 24-hour and hospital mortality rates across different unit ranges. Nonidentical transfusions show higher 24-hour mortality for increased units, e.g., 6-20 RBCs (77% vs 30% for identical).

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 17/09/2026

Congratulations to JAMA Surgery Editor in Chief Melina Kibbe, MD, who was invested today as the seventh president, and the first woman president, of @uthealthhouston.bsky.social. Additionally, the city of Houston named September 17, 2026, as Melina Kibbe Day.

A smiling woman in black academic regalia with a green hood and ornate gold chain/medallion stands next to a man in regalia holding a ceremonial mace topped with an eagle and university seal. Other robed figures and guests applaud in the background at a formal ceremony.

Blue stage backdrop: "INVESTITURE OF MELINA R. KIBBE, MD AS THE SEVENTH PRESIDENT OF UTHEALTH HOUSTON", "#UTHealth Houston", and UT seal. Below, rows of chairs, a gold chain of office, framed document, and ceremonial staff are displayed.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 17/09/2026

🩺 #PigtailCatheters are used as first-line treatment for pneumothorax and a range of pleural effusions. This Review summarizes indications, Seldinger technique insertion, daily management, removal, and complications. ja.ma/3TBr4KK

Illustrations show alternative patient positions for pigtail catheter placement. A) Orthopneic, B) Supine, C) Lateral Decubitus. Each shows a patient with labeled anatomy (scapula, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, intercostal spaces, axillary lines, triangle of safety) indicating catheter insertion sites.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 16/09/2026

💬 Editorial: In rare surgical adverse event studies, confounding, sparse outcomes, and clustering can distort associations. #Cholecystectomy research on #intraoperativecholangiography shows that analyses must account for rare events and clustering. ja.ma/4rnO2le

JAMA Surgery editorial titled "Confounding, Sparseness, and Clustering in Surgical Research" by Jason Haukoos, MD, MSc, and Roger J. Lewis, MD, PhD. Published Online: September 16, 2026.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 16/09/2026

📊 Among patients undergoing minimally invasive #Cholecystectomy, #RoboticSurgery was associated with fewer adverse outcomes than #Laparoscopy in high-risk cases. A preoperative risk calculator may help match operative approach to patient risk. ja.ma/3Vzl2uH

JAMA Surgery: Comparative Analysis of Robotic & Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (2020-21). Robotic surgery reduced adverse outcomes in high-risk adult patients but increased total cost due to supply. Icons show robotic arm & laparoscopic tools.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 14/09/2026

📝 #Review from @jama.com: #Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is a progressive neurologic disorder in older adults associated with gait impairment and often urinary dysfunction and cognitive decline. 🔗 Learn more: ja.ma/3Tuhut6

Diagram illustrating Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) pathophysiology from JAMA. It details mechanisms like altered CSF dynamics, increased pulsatility, elevated venous pressure reducing CSF drainage, and CSF accumulation causing ventriculomegaly and brain compression.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 12/09/2026

A recent review in JAMA Surgery examines the compensation models shaping surgeon productivity, quality, and nonclinical work. 📖Read the full article to learn more: ja.ma/4gxB0ha

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 09/09/2026

Among high-risk patients undergoing #Hepatobiliary surgery, prophylactic synthetic mesh during subcostal closure reduced #IncisionalHernia risk vs conventional closure without increasing postoperative complications. ja.ma/4A0vYS5

Table 3: Incisional hernia (IH) rates for Mesh vs. No Mesh groups at 12 & 24 months. No Mesh had higher IH rates than Mesh at both follow-ups. E.g., at 12 months, global radiological IH was 21% (No Mesh) vs 5.2% (Mesh) with P=.01, & clinical IH 10% vs 1.7% (P=.02).

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 07/09/2026

Among patients undergoing wide excision for #Melanoma, compliance with new Commission on Cancer surgical documentation guidelines improved in 2023, including margin size, excision depth, and use of Commission on Cancer forms. ja.ma/4xIj8pO

Table 2: Multivariable Logistic Regression for Overall Compliance. Factors with significant P values include using a CoC form (Yes: OR 2.91), T stage (T2: OR 2.14; T3/T4: OR 0.58), Primary site (Head/neck: OR 0.31), and several specialties.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 07/09/2026

Among patients undergoing open rectal resection for #RectalCancer, a powdered #ChondroitinSulfate adhesion barrier system reduced postoperative adhesion incidence, severity, and extent vs no additional procedure. ja.ma/46eV3Lk

JAMA Surgery RCT: Novel anti-adhesion system significantly reduced adhesions in open rectal resection. 118 adults (mean age 68) with rectal cancer participated. Control group had ~95% adhesions, experimental group (with SI-449) had ~40% (P<.001). Conducted in 53 hospitals in Japan.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 07/09/2026

Among postoperative wound photographs, #ArtificialIntelligence detected images suggestive of #SurgicalSiteInfection and showed clinical utility, with potential to support earlier review and triage after discharge. ja.ma/4r0EqfY

Two graphs display model performance over 10 epochs. Graph A, 'Loss', shows training and validation AUC values decreasing from approx. 0.095 to 0.04. Training loss generally drops lower than validation. Graph B, 'Accuracy', shows training and validation AUC rising from approx. 0.7 to 0.9. Training accuracy typically surpasses validation.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 06/09/2026

A statewide Wisconsin quality improvement initiative was associated with sustained reductions in 60-day margin re-excisions after breast-conserving surgery for women with #BreastCancer, supporting more durable use of guideline-concordant surgical care. ja.ma/4xchV9h

Two line graphs show 60-day re-excision rates after breast-conserving surgery (2017-2024) in Wisconsin women by SCW participation. Graph A: Participating hospitals generally have lower rates than non-participating. Graph B: Rates are lowest with both hospital and surgeon participation.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 06/09/2026

In a national survey of US surgeons, workload was high and most respondents reported that it was too much, with perceived burden associated with workload, years in practice, gender, and subspecialty. ja.ma/4iMD6er

Decision tree showing predictors of perceived burden. It begins with 'Years in practice' (0-29 or ≥30), then branches by 'Cumulative workload.' Further splits occur by 'Subspecialty' or 'Gender,' leading to outcomes of 'Too much,' 'Just right,' or 'Not enough' perceived burden percentages.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 06/09/2026

In #PancreaticCancer, a circulating exosomal microRNA–based machine learning model identified occult early liver metastasis before surgery and may support biology-guided treatment sequencing. ja.ma/3STIhPk

Figure 5: Forest plots & a decision curve for an exosomal MicroRNA detection model. Plots A & B show univariable & multivariable odds ratios for clinical variables (e.g., CA19-9, stages) & panel score. Plot C displays net benefit for model comparisons.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 21/08/2026

In patients with atypical ductal hyperplasia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, or classic lobular carcinoma in situ (#LCIS), these guidelines recommend breast cancer risk assessment and selective use of diagnostic excision. ja.ma/4xDl2ri

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 21/08/2026

For people living with #Dementia, surgical decision-making was complicated by inconsistent electronic health record documentation, challenges assessing capacity, and limited access to longitudinal clinical information. ja.ma/4qnWvUY

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 21/08/2026

Meta-analysis: Among adults undergoing surgery, #IncisionalNegativePressureWoundTherapy was associated with lower risk of surgical site infection, and higher risk of skin blistering and device-related adverse events. ja.ma/3SCMl6o

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 19/08/2026

In elective #DigestiveCancer surgery, preoperative high-dose #Corticosteroids did not improve postoperative complications, indicating that preoperative high-dose corticosteroids should not be recommended for postoperative risk reduction in this setting. ja.ma/4hIp1hU

Table 2. Primary Outcome in Main Analysis on All Patients by Intervention Level. It shows major postoperative complications within 30 days post-surgery, comparing Methylprednisolone and Placebo groups (No./total No. (%), Unadjusted OR, P value) for overall and specific surgery types.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 19/08/2026

💬 Editorial: Expanding #GraduateMedicalEducation positions may not by itself improve rural workforce distribution, which also depends on application patterns, training resources, rural definitions, and incentives for rural practice. ja.ma/4wAUuWM

JAMA Surgery editorial titled 'Graduate Medical Education Expansion and the Challenge of Rural Workforce Distribution' by Kyla P. Terhune, MD, MBA. Published Online: August 19, 2026. DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2026.3513.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 13/08/2026

Does surgeon sex affect patient outcomes? Female sex was associated with lower postoperative #mortality and adverse events, notably for #female patients undergoing elective #surgery in 2 studies. 📖 Read the full article for all details: ja.ma/4wfUAD8

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 12/08/2026

Preoperative #GLP1 receptor agonist use was not associated with greater 12-month weight loss after #BariatricSurgery, and postoperative outcomes were similar to those of patients not taking these medications. ja.ma/4wqktjN

JAMA Surgery Research Letter from Pacific Coast Surgical Association: "Preoperative GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use & Weight Loss Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery." By R. Huynh, R. Prosser, M. Manasa, et al. Published Aug 12, 2026.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 12/08/2026

Among patients undergoing #CancerSurgery for 6 major nonmetastatic cancers, time from diagnosis to first-course therapy increased from 2012 to 2023 across all malignancies and among both up-front surgery and #NeoadjuvantTherapy pathways. ja.ma/4wooXr0

Two line graphs display increasing patient wait times for cancer treatment (Breast, Colon, Lung, Pancreas, Gastric, Esophageal) from 2012-2023. Graph B shows 30+ day waits (30-80%), while Graph C shows 60+ day waits (5-40%) for these cancer types.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 12/08/2026

📝 JAMA Surgery #Review: In adhesive small-bowel obstruction, #Nasogastric tube decompression remains a standard component of nonoperative management when there are no signs of bowel compromise or peritonitis. ja.ma/3TW4RXG

Diagram of a double-lumen nasogastric tube in a patient, showing its path from nose to stomach, connection to suction, and antireflux valve. Below, two fixation methods: B. Tape method securing tube to nose/cheek, and C. Bridle method using a nasal loop and clip.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 11/08/2026

💬 Editorial: For lung-limited stage IV #NSCLC, early outcomes after #LungTransplant are encouraging, but 1-year survival does not resolve questions about recurrence risk or long-term benefit. ja.ma/4wbEMBv

JAMA Surgery Editorial: 'Lung Transplant for Stage IV NSCLC—A Promising Intervention in a Scarce-Resource Environment.' Authors: Michael S. Mulligan, Jay D. Pal, Erika D. Lease. Published online August 11, 2026. DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2026.3457.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 10/08/2026

More than one-third of older adults at extreme risk for early mortality died within 48 hours of high-risk #EGS, highlighting a substantial rate of nonbeneficial #surgery. ja.ma/3SgMex8

JAMA Surgery article page. Title: 'Nonbeneficial Emergency General Surgery in Older Adults at Extreme Risk for Early Mortality.' Authored by Manuel Castillo-Angeles et al. This Research Letter from the Pacific Coast Surgical Association was published online July 15, 2026.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 09/08/2026

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 09/08/2026

Residents in #SurgeryResidency generally rated the effectiveness of nonclinical learning activities lower than faculty, with large gaps for attending rounds and technique or operative simulation. ja.ma/3S1qWn9

JAMA Surgery webpage displaying a Research Letter: "Faculty and Resident Perceptions of Learning Activities During Surgery Residency." Authors include David M. Rosenberg, Cooper Nagaki, Christian de Virgilio. Published online August 5, 2026.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 09/08/2026

Among patients listed for #LiverTransplant, #MASH was associated with worse overall, waiting-list, and posttransplant mortality, but this excess risk was attenuated after adjustment for diabetes and kidney dysfunction. ja.ma/4g0TMfo

Table 2: Unadjusted and adjusted 10-year mortality risk for MASH patients. Overall unadjusted HR is 1.10 (p<.001). Waiting-list unadjusted HR is 1.08 (p=.002). Posttransplant unadjusted HR is 1.26 (p<.001). Includes adjusted HRs for MELD score, transplant, and comorbidities.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 30/07/2026

The World Society of Emergency Surgery has updated its guidelines for #diagnosis and management of #appendicitis. Watch this video to learn the highlights on #appendectomy timing and use of #antibiotics. 📖 Read the full article for more details: ja.ma/4pGBnsG

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 29/07/2026

In prospective hepatobiliary #LaparoscopicSurgery videos, automated skill scores aligned more closely with expert ratings than scores from resident and attending surgeons. ja.ma/3U0nbig

Integrated evaluation of automated surgical skill assessment. A bar chart compares model AUCs: Composite models generally outperform FKF models. A scatter plot compares true vs predicted scores: Composite features (R²=0.600) show stronger correlation than Foundational features (R²=0.495).

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 29/07/2026

In private payer data, complex procedures in The Transforming Episode Accountability Model by @CMSGov were associated with more intensive care unit use, readmissions, and postacute care, but hospital payments often did not increase proportionally. ja.ma/3RIHP5V

Two bar graphs display hospital (left) and surgeon (right) payments by procedure (LEJR, Bowel, Spinal fusion, CABG, SHFFT) and modifier 22 status. For both hospital and surgeon payments, 'Modifier 22' (orange bars) consistently shows higher adjusted mean payments than 'No modifier 22' (grey bars) across all procedure categories.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 29/07/2026

Among patients with #PrimaryHyperparathyroidism without baseline end-organ damage, 32% developed osteoporosis, kidney stones, fractures, or chronic kidney disease during follow-up, indicating progression under usual care. ja.ma/4w0hyxY

Two bar graphs show hospital and surgeon payments by procedure category (LEJR, Bowel, Spinal fusion, CABG, SHFFT) and modifier 22 status. Both graphs demonstrate that payments are generally higher for cases with modifier 22. Hospital payments range up to $125k, while surgeon payments range up to $7.5k.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 29/07/2026

For patients with locally advanced #PancreaticCancer, ablative #RadiationTherapy before surgical evaluation was not associated with excess 90-day postsurgical mortality and may help preserve local treatment options when resection is not feasible. ja.ma/4bfljYX

Figure 2: Kaplan-Meier Curves for Overall Survival From Time of Radiation Therapy. Panel A shows all patients' survival probability decreasing from 1.0 to about 0.2 over 4 years. Panel B compares surgery (orange line) vs. no surgery (blue line); surgery shows higher overall survival probability.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 23/07/2026

Laparoendoscopic bilateral #herniarepair with synthetic mesh was associated with lower recurrence rates than biological mesh, with no #pain difference. 📖 Read full study: ja.ma/4yrfaTf

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 16/07/2026

Research projects that fully #autonomousvehicles could prevent up to one million US road #traffic injuries over 10 years, based on early safety data. 📖 Read full article for more details: ja.ma/4vTaHXR

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 12/07/2026

Crisanto Torres, MD, MPH, and Jamie Coleman, MD, discussed how whole blood has comparable safety to component therapy and offers practical advantages for emergency teams. 🎧 Listen now: ja.ma/4bl8f49

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 11/07/2026

Postoperative #Hypertension is often treated reflexively in inpatient surgical settings, but evidence suggests most episodes are transient and do not indicate clinical risk. Listen to this podcast with Sherry Wren, MD, Baylee Bakkila, MD, and Jamie Coleman, MD: ja.ma/4fqOjPP

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 11/07/2026

📝 Narrative Review: #Postoperative #Hypertension should be treated only when symptomatic. As-needed medications for asymptomatic hypertension increase risk of adverse outcomes, supporting a conservative management approach. ja.ma/4ftxIuC

Table: Consequences of Inpatient Hypertension Overtreatment. Studies indicate increased length of stay, higher 30-day mortality, increased acute kidney injury risk, and greater readmission rates associated with overtreatment.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 10/07/2026

💬 Editorial: #UterusTransplant has evolved into clinical reality for patients with absolute uterine factor infertility, with programs worldwide demonstrating feasibility and integrated care needed for successful live births. ja.ma/4vpkKTB

A JAMA Surgery article page. Title: "Progressive Success in Uterus Transplants—From Experimental to Clinical Reality." Editorial by David A. Gerber, MD, on Women's Health. Published online June 17, 2026. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2026.2069.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 10/07/2026

📝 JAMA Surgery #Review: #WholeBlood transfusion delivers red cells, #plasma, and #platelets in #physiologic proportions and may reduce transfusion burden and improve early outcomes in #trauma. ja.ma/4wDMNQj

Table: 11 military/civilian studies on whole-blood resuscitation in trauma. Columns: Study, Sample Size, Setting, Outcome, Clinical Benefit, Transfusion Volume. Most studies link whole blood to improved survival/reduced mortality and variable transfusion needs.

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JAMA Surgery @jamasurgery.com · 10/07/2026

A simplified binary field triage system demonstrated high sensitivity with low #undertriage for major #trauma in #combat settings, supporting use of judgment-based approaches in military #TraumaCare. ja.ma/44FXgyN

Performance of a Simplified Binary Field Triage System for Military Trauma. Study of 4,522 casualties (Oct 2023-Jan 2025). Outcomes: Undertriage showed 8.5% non-urgent (AIS≥3) and 3.6% non-urgent (ISS≥16). Overtriage showed 62.7% severe (AIS<3 among urgent). Gelman et al.

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