United Nations peacekeeping is usually evaluated by its effects on host-country conflict, yet it also constitutes one of the world’s most extensive institutions of military cooperation. This articl...

For decades, the United States has sought to prevent its allies from acquiring nuclear weapons. To this end, the United States has attempted to reassure those allies that it is committed to defendi...

What explains radical land reforms in developing countries? While existing literature primarily attributes land reform to domestic factors, we introduce an international dimension by examining how ...

The question of whether trade agreements are “stepping stones” or “stumbling blocks” to multilateral trade liberalization is not a new one; however, the empirical methods and the quality of the dat...

How does political inequality among ethnic groups motivate governments to engage in international conflicts? Previous research suggests that ethnic political inequality leads to internal instabilit...

Research suggests that mediation can increase government violence against civilians, but the conditions shaping this effect remain insufficiently specified. Drawing on prospect theory, I argue that...

The long-standing liberal hypothesis that an increase in trade ties contributes to the promotion of interstate peace is repeatedly supported by much research. I question this finding by arguing tha...

This paper investigates China’s coercive diplomacy during the 2022 Taiwan Strait Crisis. Using quantitative natural language processing techniques, we unveil the key emotional, operational, and sem...

How do people perceive women chief executives internationally, and how do those perceptions shape foreign policy preferences? Previous research has focused on the ways in which gender stereotypes s...

How does organizational overlap interact with the delegation of authority to international organizations (IOs)? This paper argues that delegation decisions cannot be understood in isolation from th...

Elite-level social capital facilitates both the mobilization and retention of participants in social movements and insurgencies. Well-connected rebel leaders perceived as credible have advantages i...

Conflicting narratives about who is responsible for a cyberattack are often thought to create uncertainty about the aggressor’s identity, which in turn could lead to greater restraint in state resp...

Cyber power is altering the nature of domestic audience costs. By exploiting voters’ captivation with cyber conflict, leaders can now de-escalate crises without having to worry about suffering dome...

International alliances have incorporated cybersecurity within their collective security mandates, but would these commitments be honored if invoked? Key characteristics of cyber conflict, includin...

The politics of how nations design their militaries when they start developing new technologies is a critical question in international relations as it has implications on military effectiveness, c...

With growing interest in and attention to cybersecurity, pundits, media outlets, and policymakers are interested in meaningful insights about the nature of cyber conflict. However, the challenges t...

This special issue on empirical approaches to cyber conflict aims to “prime the pump” in advancing how researchers measure and interpret cyber conflict dynamics. We present a carefully selected set...

In crisis, technological threats often present as unfamiliar to non-specialists. Today, however, emerging AI capabilities introduce distinct uncertainties for the decision-maker that extend beyond ...

As the world becomes increasingly reliant on interconnected digital infrastructure, the urgency to understand and manage cyber conflict increases. Policy-makers have long sought to translate concep...

This special issue on empirical approaches to cyber conflict aims to “prime the pump” in advancing how researchers measure and interpret cyber conflict dynamics. We present a carefully selected set...

In the past few years, scholars have focused on how states use Global Value Chains (GVCs) to weaponize economic and political interdependencies. However, the unintended political consequences stemm...

The European Union is often portrayed as a global actor that is said to wield ‘economic’ or even ‘normative’ power. Such perspectives presume that states in the international system recognize EU ‘a...

How can nuclear pursuits be effectively reduced? Existing research primarily focuses on traditional policy instruments such as security guarantees and coercion, despite their inherent limitations. ...

Under what conditions do sanction-sending states choose to form coalitions? Do the same determinants that affect military sanction coalition formation affect how coercive economic coalitions are fo...

International political economy scholarship has documented that non-traditional barriers to international trade have proliferated since the 1970s. Contemporary explanations attribute these trends t...

How do individuals respond to the threat of economic sanctions? Under what conditions do the target population demand policy concessions, and when do they rally behind their beleaguered leader? We ...

This research note introduces a novel methodology for quantifying naming and shaming practices in the context of women’s rights, utilizing a corpus of 10,760 human rights reports from the US State ...

Studies of secession typically focus on domestic factors that produce independence movements, such as the role of ethnic divides or the concentration of material resources. But motivations for sece...

How does trade competition affect support for environmental protection? On the one hand, import shocks can dampen support for environmental protection, as international trade can lead to a race to ...

What explains why some splinter groups are highly violent, capable, and durable, while others are not? Although existing scholarship provides important insights into the causes and consequences of ...

This study investigates the relationship between terrorist credit claims and government counterterrorism efforts, focusing on the impact of claims on group survival. Using data from the Extended Da...

A growing body of research indicates that women are increasingly involved in suicide attacks. These studies suggest that women, due to their seemingly innocent appearance, can more effectively targ...

Conflicting narratives about who is responsible for a cyberattack are often thought to create uncertainty about the aggressor’s identity, which in turn could lead to greater restraint in state resp...

A number of theories about the effectiveness, design, and targeting of economic sanctions highlight public perceptions of economic sanctions as an important factor influencing foreign policy decisi...

Which cities become arenas for violent contestation after war? A growing literature has documented how conflict-related violence often continues after the formal end of armed conflict, and also tha...

What are the international and domestic effects of low credibility false flag incidents? One way in which wars occasionally start (as in the case of the 2022 Ukraine war) is with false flag inciden...

Research on the concept of “rallying around the flag” has focused on the potential benefits for leaders under certain conditions of conflict. What has gone underexplored is whether leaders receive ...

Despite the coexistence of three trends—increased economic integration, a dramatic reduction in biodiversity, and the implementation of national policies to reduce extinction risks—we know little a...

Does corruption within the police and military increase the likelihood that government security forces will be associated with sexual violence against civilians? I conduct a cross-national analysis...

Rebels often provide welfare services to civilians to build public support for their cause. However, are some rebels more likely to provide these than others? We argue that ethnicity and insurgency...

Can money and connections buy international influence and improve a state’s international status? This paper argues that outward foreign direct investment (FDI) by a state is associated with the im...