The rising rate of drug-resistant fungal infections and the emergence of fungal pathogens with intrinsic resistance phenotypes are a growing concern. The close evolutionary distance between mammals an...

A high-resolution antigenic map of influenza A(H5) haemagglutinin (HA) enables the design of immunogenic and antigenically central vaccine HA antigens that elicit antibody responses broadly covering t...

Distinct phosphorylation marks are placed on the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) during different stages of gene transcription. These phospho-CTD marks function as a molec...

An in-depth microbiological and metagenomic analysis of Colombian farm and fermentation facilities resulted in the design of a defined microbial community that can reproduce the flavour of fine chocol...

Microbiome analyses of living trees show that a single tree can host approximately one trillion bacteria, with microbial communities distinctly partitioned between heartwood and sapwood and with minim...

Serino et al. show that seeing an infectious avatar approach the body in virtual reality triggers an immune response, indicating that the brain prepares the body to fight infections even for perceived...

Establishment of the apoplastic root barrier known as the Casparian strip occurs early in root development. In legumes, this area overlaps with nitrogen-fixing nodule formation, which raises the possi...

Viral coat proteins are perceived by the RING1–IBR–RING2-type ubiquitin ligase, initiating the first step of the natural antiviral response in rice.

The authors show that immunosuppression is highly conserved in the bacterial order Xanthomonadales. This feature, which preceded their specialization as host-adapted pathogens, probably contributes to...

Symbiotic fungi control network-level structure and flows to meet trade demands.

The intestinal microbiota promotes lipid absorption and storage by repressing the expression of the long noncoding RNA gene Snhg9.

Mitochondria with mutations in their DNA from cancer cells can be transferred to T cells in the tumour microenvironment, which leads to T cell dysfunction and impaired antitumour immunity.

Twenty-color bioluminescent proteins have been developed for simultaneous imaging of multiple biological targets.

A secondary metabolite sensitizes competitor Bacillus subtilis to a wide panel of lytic phages by sequestering iron and preventing the activation of Spo0A.

Coevolving siderophore genes shape bacterial iron networks, unveiling the complexity of cheating across habitats and lifestyles.

Plants are in intimate association with taxonomically defined microbiota. In here we review recent literature regarding the crucial role of plant immunity in controlling the potentially pathogenic me....