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Roxanne Armfield

@dinoroxy.bsky.social
253 followers 457 following 65 posts

Squamate palaeontologist, currently working with numerous snakes at Yale University. 🐍🐍🐍 Frequently found conversing with rocks, fossils and other inanimate objects. (She/Her)

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Reposted by Roxanne Armfield
Sophie Boerman @crocsophie.bsky.social · 30/09/2026
🌊🐊 Were some of the earliest crocodylians venturing into the sea? 🦴 For our new paper in Palaeontology, we CT-scanned three skulls of “thoracosaurs” and found clues for a shallow-marine lifestyle in these enigmatic critters. ➡ doi.org/10.1111/pala... ️📖
A thoracosaur crocodylian hunting for fish in a colorful, biodiverse lagoonal ecosystem
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Reposted by Roxanne Armfield
Nico Mongiardino Koch @nmkphylo.bsky.social · 08/09/2026
The PROGressive PHYLOgenetics LAB is now officially open and I'm looking to hire at all levels!! If you are interested in phylogenetics and macroevolution, and enjoy any/all of the following: fossils, morphology, genomics, simulations, or method development, please reach out to me :)
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Reposted by Roxanne Armfield
Berensreverie 🤒 @berensreverie.bsky.social · 12/10/2025
The Kiss #paleoart #berensart2025
"fighting dinosaurs" fossil reimagined as The Kiss by Gustav Klimt
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Reposted by Roxanne Armfield
Laura Alencar 🇧🇷🐍🦎 @alencarlrv.bsky.social · 11/06/2026
Interested in #macroevolution, #macroecology, and mountain biodiversity? I'm recruiting a #postdoc for an NSF-funded project at Yale, in collaboration with Martha Muñoz (Yale) and Maya Stokes (Florida State University). I'll be at #Evol2026 and happy to chat! Link below
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 01/04/2026
media.tenor.com
a cartoon of ralph from the simpsons sits on a bus with the words " chuckles i 'm in danger " below him
ALT: a cartoon of ralph from the simpsons sits on a bus with the words " chuckles i 'm in danger " below him
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Reposted by Roxanne Armfield
Luke Johnson @lukejohns.online · 06/10/2025
We've just set up a Bluesky for @nu-mechanobiology.bsky.social - give it a follow if you're in the #mechanobiology space!
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Reposted by Roxanne Armfield
Thomas R. Holtz, Jr. @arctomet.bsky.social · 01/10/2025
Benson, R.B.J., Walsh, S.A., Griffiths, E.F. et al. Mosaic anatomy in an early fossil squamate. Nature (2025). doi.org/10.1038/s415...
doi.org
Mosaic anatomy in an early fossil squamate - Nature
Breugnathair elgolensis gen. et sp. nov., an early squamate identified from a newly discovered Middle Jurassic skeleton on the Isle of Skye, provides new evidence on the origins of snakes.
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Reposted by Roxanne Armfield
Luke Johnson @lukejohns.online · 14/09/2025
More recent Luke news: I made some music and you can listen to it! lukejohns.online/blog/bits_peaces
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 10/09/2025
📸 4. Alligator 🐊 Rodney Cammauf, U.S. National Park Service, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸 5. Trainer Lauralea Oliver 🚶‍♀️ with Vector 🐕‍🦺, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 10/09/2025
📸 2. Map 🗺️ NASA + Pfly, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸 3. Snake 🐍 Rushen, Kaeng Krachan National Park, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸 4. Deer 🦌 Ianaré Sévi, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 10/09/2025
#SourceOfTheScience - Doi.org/10.1007/s10530-010-9908-3 #SourceOfTheScience - doi.org/10.1073/pnas... 📸 1. Snake 🐍 LiCheng Shih, CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸 2. Cormorant 🐦 DarkNight0917, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
doi.org
Identifying plausible scenarios for the establishment of invasive Burmese pythons (Python molurus) in Southern Florida - Biological Invasions
Successful invasions of secretive alien species often go unrecognized until spread has exceeded the point where control or eradication is feasible. In such situations, understanding factors that contr...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 10/09/2025
Removing a population of #InvasiveSpecies is difficult, and multiple methods will be needed. If you live in Florida, what can you do if you spot a wild Burmese Python? Note the location, take a photo and report it on: www.eddmaps.org/florida/ [6/9]
eddmaps.org
EDDMapS
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 10/09/2025
Burmese Pythons are secretive, and have no natural predators in the #Everglades. This is why human intervention is vital. Camera technologies, drones, scent tracking dogs, & even other snakes are all techniques being assessed on how well these methods can recover pythons. [5/9]
Right, trainer Lauralea Oliver, with Vector, a mottled black and tan Shepard dog (left). The dog holds a green crocodile plush toy in its mouth, and is wearing a red collar and a body sash which reads “Search Dog”. Lauralea Oliver is crouching down with her dog, and wears black fingerless gloves, a black sweater and a blue rucksack.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 10/09/2025
The remains of white-tailed deer, alligators, 37 species of bird, & even bobcats have been found inside the stomachs of these hungry snakes. So what is happening to prevent these snakes from causing irreversible damage? [4/9]
A white-tailed deer, facing to the right with the top part of its front legs and part of its body in the camera view. The deer has a light tan colour, with a white belly and occasional white streaks through its body. Its large, round brown eye has a white circle of fur around it. The deer’s nose is a darker brown, and its large oval ears are raised high, with slightly pointed tips.The face of an American Alligator, in side view, fills the image. The Alligator has grey-blue scales covering its body. The teeth in its upper jaw are white, and exposed in an overbite, so they hang over the closed lower jaw. The alligator rests its head on the irregularly spiked tail of another alligator, which follows into the direct foreground and out of frame.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 10/09/2025
Likely introduced through the exotic pet trade, the past 40 years have seen a dramatic increase in the number of invasive pythons spotted in the Everglades. Alongside the rise in invasive pythons, the local mammal population has declined by over 90%. [3/9]
Foreground: A mottled tan and dark brown patched Burmese Python (Python molurus bivittatus) twists into the foreground. Its head is raised showing a pale underbelly and a round, black eye.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 10/09/2025
But over in south Florida, these holiday-making #pythons have far overstayed their welcome. This has caused devastating environmental consequences in the #Everglades. These pythons did not migrate to Florida on their own. This is a problem caused by humans. [2/9]
A double crested cormorant is present in the foreground. It is a large bird with half oval shaped black feathers. It has an elongate, slightly hook-ended beak, which is coloured yellow. Its eye is a solid black circle. The bird is perched on the side of wooden decking and is facing towards one of the waterways in the everglades. The surface of the water is covered in heart-shaped green leaves. The background shows a blue sky with fluffy clouds, with thickly clustered green bushes on the horizon.A satellite map image of the state of Florida. The southern most tip of Florida is highlighted by a yellow border, marking the boundary of the Everglades protected area. The Everglades take up approximately one quarter of the landmass.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 10/09/2025
It's the 9th of #ssSnaketember and it's a day for looking at #InvasiveAlienSpecies Burmese Pythons are native to India & southeast Asia. In these areas the #snakes have a #conservation status of 'vulnerable' on the IUCN Red List. [1/9] #Herpetology #SciComm #snake
A Burmese Python (Python bivittatus) coiled across the left and middle of the image. The snake is dark brown, with tan streaks and a pale underbelly. The head of the snake is lifted up, with a black forked tongue slightly protruding from its face.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
#SourceOfTheScience - doi.org/10.1086/377052 #SourceOfTheScience - doi.org/10.1242/jeb.062539 📸3 Snake 🐍 Rushenb, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸5 Snake 🐍 Darius Bauzys, CC BY 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
doi.org
Snake Bioacoustics: Toward a Richer Understanding of the Behavioral Ecology of Snakes | The Quarterly Review of Biology: Vol 78, No 3
ABSTRACT Snakes are frequently described in both popular and technical literature as either deaf or able to perceive only groundborne vibrations. Physiological studies have shown that snakes are actua...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
Snake hisses tend to be high pitched, around the top F# of a piano (3,000+ Hz). This means that snakes cannot hear their own hiss! This could explain why snakes do not appear to communicate with each other using sound. [5/6]
The head of a black and yellow snake (Natix natrix) on a sandy surface. The snake sticks out its black forked tongue. The snake has a large black, round pupil in a dark coloured eye.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
Most snakes can comfortably hear one octave above a piano “middle C” & two octaves below (80 - 600Hz). This is a rather small range – young humans can hear sounds between 20 – 20,000Hz. This small range means that, sadly, snakes are not big fans of modern music. [4/6]
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
This contact allows the snake to "hear" the vibrations travelling through any surface that the snake lays its head on. Snakes can also hear sounds that travel through the air - but they have a limited hearing range. [3/6]
A coiled reticulated python. The snake’s head rests on one large coil, with two coils in the background. The snake’s head is yellow with black outlined scales. The neck and body of the snake has an undulating black stripe, outlined in yellow scales. A slight rainbow iridescence is present on some scales.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
Humans, rabbits & other mammals (think fluffy critters) have 3 small ear bones that vibrate in response to sound. Snakes have only one (the stapes/columella). Unlike in mammals, the ear bone in snakes is in contact with the jaw bones. skfb.ly/6xGrP [2/6]
skfb.ly
UMZC R3. 23/2 Python amethystinus - 3D model by Museum of Zoology (@MuseumofZoology)
Skull of a python (Python amethystinus), from the Zoology Museum, Cambridge. These are large constricting snakes, which squeeze the life out of their prey. They can swallow prey whole much bigger than...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
“Hearing” is #ssSnaketember the 8th’s theme! Whilst #snakes do not have external "sticky out" ears, they can still hear. It is a myth that snakes are deaf, however they do have some quirks in relation to their methods of hearing. [1/6] #Herpetology #SciComm #Snake
In the style of a coloured pencil sketch: a green coiled snake bobs back and forward whilst leaning against a blue grand piano, with an open lid.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
📸3. Snakes🐍: Bjørn Christian Tørrissen, bjornfree.com/galleries.html, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸4. Snake🐍:Dr. Raju Kasambe, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸5. Snake🐍:Augustus Binu, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
What’s Batesian Mimicry you cry? Check out an earlier #ssSnaketember post on the topic: bsky.app/profile/dino... 🐍 #SourceOfTheScience - doi.org/10.1086/377052 📸1. Snake🐍: Vassil, CC0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸3. Snakes🐍: Rushenb, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
The Oriental Ratsnake lives in the same region as the King Cobra. King Cobras are venomous but Oriental Ratsnakes are not. It is possible that by growling, the Oriental Ratsnake is mimicking & pretending to appear like the cobra – an example of Batesian Mimicry. [5/7]
Two Oriental Ratsnakes balancing on their bodies to raise their heads upright (as if "standing"). The left snake is grey with a lightly coloured underbelly. The right snake is a mustard yellow colour. Both snakes face to the right and are resting on grey rocks.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
These pockets act as resonating chambers, removing the high-pitched sounds of the hiss & leaving a low pitched sound to be produced in the throat. The Oriental Ratsnake has also been heard growling but it does not have throat pockets. Instead, it has to flatten its throat [4/7]
The head and neck of an Oriental Ratsnake. The snake is light brown with a cream underbelly. Irregular black stripes fall across the snake's face and along its underbelly. The snake has an orange eye with a circular black pupil, and its black forked tongue sticks out. 
Snake is in front of an out of focus green forest background.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
In snakes, a growl is a special kind of hiss. Not all snakes have the physical requirements to growl. Two snakes that do are the King Cobra & the Red Tailed Racer. In these snakes, the throat is not just a straight tube - it is lined with pockets that extend into the body. [3/7]
A king cobra snake (Ophiophagus hannah) stands with its head raised and faces to the left. The rest of its body trails behind it into the distance and out of focus. The snake has light cream underbelly scales and light brown scales on its face. The scales on its face are bordered by dark brown detail.A bright green snake (Red Tailed Racer snake) is coiled amongst a tree branch. The snake has triangular pointed scales, outlined in dark brown. The snake's head rests on one of its coils. The snake has a green eye with a large black, circular pupil.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
But let's set the record straight first - snakes rarely hiss. When they do, it is an entirely defensive move. If a snake hisses around a human it's basically saying "here I am, don’t tread on me!" They do not hiss when angry, nor to communicate with other snakes. [2/7]
media.tenor.com
a man is sitting in a chair talking on a cell phone while wearing sunglasses .
Alt: GIF from "Good Omens" TV Series. David Tennant wears all black. He wags his tongue and makes a hissing sound whilst talking on the phone. His body then transforms into multiple black dots which swarm and enter the mobile phone. The phone hovers in the air briefly before falling to the floor.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
The 7th #ssSnaketember is a day for Growling! Even though many humans have never encountered a "real" #snake, thanks to film and TV, you will have probably heard a snake hiss. But did you know that some #snakes can growl too? [1/7] #Herpetology #SciComm
A king cobra snake (Ophiophagus hannah) coiled up. The snake has a light brown colour with its scales outlines in dark brown. Its head peeks over the top of a large coil. The snake rests on some fake moss on a tree trunk.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
📸3. Snake🐍Shagil Kannur - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
📸1. Snake🐍Rushen, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸Mammals🐿️Emőke, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... Matteo De Stefano/MUSE, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸3. Snake🐍Gihan Jayaweera, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
This means that when a snake jumps from a tree, it does not simply fall downwards (like a rock), but instead is able to glide a controlled horizontal distance away from its starting point (like a plane). #SourceOfTheScience - doi.org/10.1038/s415... [5/7]
doi.org
Undulation enables gliding in flying snakes - Nature Physics
Observations of flying snakes inform the development of a dynamical model of gliding taking undulation into account. This work suggests that aerial undulation has a different function in snakes than i...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
In the air, the snake will move its body in a distinct S-shaped curve. Movement occurs in both side-to-side, and up & down directions. These snakes are also able to flatten their bodies into a 3D shape that resembles an aeroplane wing (an aerofoil). [4/7]
media.tenor.com
a snake is swimming in a river with trees in the background and a national geographic logo in the corner .
Alt: Flying Snake GIF. A snake is undulating as it glides through the air. Trees in the background as well as a scientific platform: a large black curtain draped over scaffolding. The national geographic logo is present in the top left corner.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
So what do “flying snakes” (Chrysopelea) do? On land a snake will wiggle its body side to side to propel itself along the ground. Flying snakes will do a similar motion when in the air – but their “airborne wiggle” motion is different from their “ground wiggle” pattern. [3/7]
A grey-brown snake with black banding at regular intervals. The snake is coiled in an S shape curve.The head and neck of a black snake with a yellow underbelly. The snake has large red spots at regular intervals along its back. The snake rests on a green-red branch and is surrounded by green foliage.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
These snakes are gliders rather than true fliers. Many gliders, such as the "flying lemurs" & the "flying squirrel" have a layer of skin that stretches from limb to limb. This acts like a parachute to control descent. Trouble is, this method requires limbs. [2/7]
A "flying lemur". This rodent-looking mammal is light brown and has large skin flaps that connect its arms to its legs.A "flying squirrel". This mouse-like animal has small ears and large skin flaps that connect its arms to its legs. Light brown fur with a white underbelly.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
#ssSnaketember the 6th is the day for Flying! This #snake believes it can fly, believes it can touch the sky. Thinks about it every night & day, just to spread its wings and … oh wait .., This isn't flying, this is falling with style. [1/7] #Herpetology #SciComm
A coiled snake resting in a tree, with a black topside and a yellow underbelly. Scales are dotted red at regular intervals.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
#ssSnaketember is back from weekend hiatus! Two #ssSnaketember days have passed, but that’s no reason to miss out on #snake facts. We’ll be brining you a special triple-filled day to make up for it! #MondayMotivation #Herpetology #SciComm
media.tenor.com
a cartoon of a green snake with a red tongue and the word yasss coming out of its mouth .
ALT: a cartoon of a green snake with a red tongue and the word yasss coming out of its mouth .
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Reposted by Roxanne Armfield
Luke Johnson @lukejohns.online · 08/09/2025
Finally got around to updating my website after the move to Boston. To celebrate, here's a blog post about driving a silly little car across Canada: lukejohns.online/blog/a_big_move
lukejohns.online
There and Back Again... and There Again
First off, I’d like to offer a humble apology to all of my avid readers (who?) for my prolonged absence. In my defence, a Big Life Event™ got in the way. I’ll start this update by describing the BLE and then get sidetracked by a completely unecessary story of sentimentality, daring and hubris. Enjoy! Big Life Event So what’s new? In a breathtaking display of comic timing and self-preservation, I and my fiancée both moved to the USA to start postdoctoral academic jobs… in June 2025. More specifically, I’m now a postdoctoral research fellow at the new(ish) Institute for Mechanobiology at Northeastern University in Boston, where I can keep messing around with hips for a couple of joints. Maybe I could even peek at other joints too!
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 05/09/2025
📸3. Snake🐍Dawson, CC BY-SA 2.5, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸3. Snake🐍de:Benutzer:Mond76, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸4. Snake🐍Dawson, CC BY-SA 2.5, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸5. Snake🐍Wildfeuer, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 05/09/2025
📸1. Snake🐍H. Krisp, CC BY 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸Eggs🥚Didier Descouens, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸2. Snake🐍Ben Phalan inaturalist.org/photos/13136..., CC BY 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 05/09/2025
The snake then regurgitates the unwanted eggshell. This prevents the eggshell from taking up unnecessary space in the stomach, and it is the yellow yolk & egg white inside that provide the most nutrition. Lunch is served! #SourceOfTheScience - doi.org/10.1111/j.14... [5/7]
A  light brown snake with dark brown spot patches (Dasypeltis scabra) has its head laid over one large coil. It looks up and to the right with a grey eye with a slit black pupil.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 05/09/2025
When the egg reaches a certain point, tiny nubbins of bone prevent the egg from travelling further down the snake. These also help to crack the eggshell inside the snake’s throat. The contents of the egg are then free to be swallowed & enter the snake’s stomach. [4/7]
A black, glossy snake (Dasypeltis atra) coiled up. Behind the snake’s head the “neck” region is expanded on both sides, as if the snake has swallowed an oval shaped lump, and the skin has expanded like a balloon around it.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 05/09/2025
These snakes get hold of an egg and appear to swallow it whole. But the egg only travels part the way down the snake’s throat and then stops. Moments later, the snake’s throat appears to “deflate”. Shortly after this, the snake spits up a crushed eggshell. [3/7]
 A black, glossy snake (Dasypeltis atra) with mouth open wide, attempts to swallow a speckled brown common quail egg. The egg is 50% larger than the size of the snake’s open mouth.A dark brown banded snake hangs from a cluster of wood. The snake’s head is normal size but behind the head the snake has ballooned. There is an egg part way down the snake’s throat and the skin has expanded to hold the egg.
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 05/09/2025
Many snakes swallow their food whole; no chewing involved. Not such an easy task when dinner is a large round object. Dasypeltis egg-eaters have a different strategy. These snakes feed entirely on eggs, so do something not seen in any other snakes. [2/7]
 A light brown snake (Dasypeltis fasciata) coiled amongst elongate dark green leaves
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 05/09/2025
The 5th of #ssSnaketember is for Egg Eaters! Can I offer you a nice egg in this trying time? Probably the best chat up line to use on a Dasypeltis #snake. This group of snakes are also known as the Egg Eating Snakes. But how does a snake eat something so round? [1/7] #Herpetology #SciComm
A tan and dark brown striped snake (Dasypeltis scabra), coiled over itself. Brown speckled eye with a slit black pupil. To the right of the snake is a shed snake skin. It is cream and has a strong honeycomb pattern.Two small cream eggs, speckled with patches of dark brown. Eggs of the Common Quail
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 04/09/2025
📸2. Snake🐍Claire Goiran DOI:10.1002/ecs2.2877., CC BY 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸ROV🕹️NOAA Okeanos Explorer Program, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸4. Snake🐍Christian Gloor, CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 04/09/2025
📸1. Snake🐍Daiju Azuma, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸🎥Bureau of Industrial Service, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?... 📸Coral🐚Toby Hudson, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?...
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 04/09/2025
Deep diving behaviour has not been recorded before in this kind of sea snake, so more observations & targeted research will be needed to answer these questions. #SourceOfTheScience - doi.org/10.1111/aec.... [5/7]
doi.org
First records of sea snakes (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) diving to the mesopelagic zone (>200 m)
Viviparous sea snakes (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) are fully marine reptiles distributed in the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Their known maximum diving depth ranges b....
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Roxanne Armfield @dinoroxy.bsky.social · 04/09/2025
As well as no light, these sea snakes swim in much colder waters, & face higher pressure levels. This raises lots of questions: “How do these snakes navigate in the dark?", "How do they survive in colder waters?", "How do these snakes avoid 'The Bends' when surfacing?" [4/7]
Three kinks of a black and white banded sea snake, against the bright blue sea background, as the snake swims up to the surface for air.
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