Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) often experience poor balance, leading to a higher risk of falls. Exercise can help, but adherence is low because accessible and suitable exercise opportunities are often perceived as lacking. This study qualitatively analysed the user experience design preferences of adults with ID during the co-creation of a digital exercise application focused on balance and muscle strength. Two groups, comprising four and five adults with ID, participated in five co-creation workshops over 15 months, alongside two academic facilitators.

The Business Model Canvas (BMC) is widely used to structure strategic discussions, yet the processes for its development and maintenance remain inconsistently described across domains. Although the original framework implies a sequence of design and validation stages, little is known about how these processes are organised and enacted in practice. This scoping review maps 125 peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2024, identified through a search covering the period from 2010 to March 2025, to clarify how BMC development unfolds across contexts.

Organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) are widely used in Ethiopia for agricultural and household purposes, raising concerns about their potential impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human health. This study investigated the occurrence of selected OPP residues in water from the Bahir-Dar, Gumara, Ribe, Megech, Gorgora, Sekelet, and Deke sites of Lake Tana and Lake Hayqe, and in fish (Nile tilapia from Lake Tana; Nile tilapia and common carp from Lake Hayqe), and assessed associated ecological and human health risks.

Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on dialysis face an increased risk of morbidity and mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection, with concerns that their antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination may be lower than that of the general population. However, the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccination in ESKD patients remains unclear. This nationwide retrospective cohort study examined the association between COVID-19 vaccination and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ESKD patients on dialysis.

Although AI-assisted writing platforms are increasingly used in English as a foreign language (EFL) instruction, evidence remains limited regarding how Grammarly-supported instruction is associated with multiple dimensions of L2 writing development. Responding to this gap, the present mixed-methods quasi-experimental study investigated Grammarly-supported instruction in relation to Saudi EFL learners' writing quality, motivation, feedback utilization, and self-regulated learning strategies (SRLSs).

Dreams are a fascinating phenomenon. Investigations have moved from attempts to interpret their content to seeking a biological function. In both cases, it has proven difficult to obtain convincing answers. The objective of the present text is to present a hypothesis that may help explain why people dream. It is argued that dreams are the consequence of a requirement for sustained activity in nervous systems. That is, regular firing of signals is necessary for neuronal development and maintenance.

Racial and ethnic disparities in mortgage lending have been documented across the United States for decades, yet their persistence and causal robustness remain subjects of ongoing debate. A central challenge in this literature is that publicly available lending data — including the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data — lacks key underwriting variables such as credit scores, making it difficult to distinguish discriminatory treatment from differences in creditworthiness. This paper examines trends in mortgage denial disparities between minority and White applicants in the Philadelphia Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) from 2017 to 2022, and introduces the E-value sensitivity framework — widely adopted in epidemiology but not previously applied to fair lending analysis — to quantify the strength of unmeasured confounding required to explain away observed disparities.

The plural valuation of nature provides a critical lens for understanding how communities in coal-dependent territories interpret socio-environmental transformation processes. In La Jagua de Ibirico, Colombia, decades of coal extraction have coincided with persistent tensions among economic dependence, environmental degradation, and local aspirations for alternative futures. Despite the growing prominence of energy transition debates, empirical studies integrating plural valuation and environmental justice perspectives in coal-dependent regions remain limited.

This study aimed to analyze the content of Korean YouTube videos Alzheimer 's disease.

Analyzing and improving the performance of meat supply and value chains is essential for increasing food security, profitability, and sustainability. This study aims to provide a systematic review of simulation studies in meat chains (chicken, beef, and pork) and to evaluate policies, stakeholders, and modeling methods.

Aiming to achieve financial returns while promoting long-term environmental and social value, sustainable investment has become an increasingly prevalent trend in recent decades. This study investigates the impacts of female CEOs on investment–cash flow sensitivity (ICFS), extending beyond traditional capital ICFS to include ICFS derived from environmentally friendly projects. The study utilizes a data sample comprising 4571 publicly listed firms from G7 countries between 2006 and 2020, featuring 83,012 firm-year observations.

Fermentation is a critical post-harvest process in coffee production because microbial metabolism can alter chemical composition and sensory quality. This study evaluated the effects of fermentation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and their combination on the sensory properties, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and proximate composition of Liberica coffee. Coffee samples were subjected to single- and mixed-culture fermentation for 48 and 72 h. Fermentation altered the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and improved antioxidant activity in all fermented treatments, as indicated by lower IC50 values than the unfermented control, although the magnitude of the changes varied among treatments.

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) comprises distinct histological variants with diverse biological behaviors; however, data characterizing these variants in the Vietnamese population remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological and molecular heterogeneity of ILC variants and identify predictors of axillary lymph node metastasis. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 167 primary ILC patients treated at K Hospital, Vietnam (2019-2023). Tumours were classified into Classic, Pleomorphic, Solid, and composite “Others” group variants according to the 2019 WHO classification.

The valorization of agro-industrial waste has garnered increasing attention in recent years. Winemaking, in particular, produces substantial quantities of by-products, including wastewater, stalks, lees, pomace, and stems. This study explores the potential of grape pomace as a substrate for Kombucha production, aiming to assess consumer interest through a market study and to evaluate the beverage's organoleptic properties via sensory analysis. The Kombucha was developed by fermenting grape pomace with a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY), with variations in grape variety, sucrose concentration, and fermentation duration.

Gouty arthritis is a crystal-induced inflammatory disease driven by hyperuricemia and monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition. Although pharmacological urate-lowering and anti-inflammatory therapies are effective, adverse effects, poor adherence, and recurrent flares remain important challenges. Functional foods and food-derived bioactive compounds have therefore attracted interest as adjunctive strategies targeting uric acid (UA) metabolism and inflammation. In this review, we synthesize current mechanistic, preclinical, and clinical evidence on how functional foods and bioactives may modulate gout pathogenesis, with attention to translational limitations and precision nutrition opportunities.

Atmospheric emissions in one location can significantly affect adjacent regions, creating spatial dependencies. If ignored, it may biased empirical estimates of environmental degradation. This study employs spatial econometric techniques to measure the indirect (spillover) effects of renewable and non-renewable energy on CO2 emission. Using a balanced panel of 96 countries over the period 1992-2021, the results verify the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, confirming an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions.

In this article, the dynamic relationship between the Sraffa pricing process and wage determination is investigated, in a context where production prices and profit rates are decided by taking into account prices from several periods. Using a Sraffa-Leontief model with fixed production factors, the dynamics of the system of prices and wages (adjusted proportionally to prices) are found to be related to income distribution. The presentation of this model in discrete time is relevant, both because it represents an innovation and because it allows for more consistent modeling of the production sequence in the analyzed problem.

This study examined teaching–learning and work-based learning (WBL) conditions under the Provincial Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Model implemented by Thailand's Equitable Education Fund (EEF), hereafter referred to as the EEF Provincial TVET Model. A quantitative-led explanatory mixed-methods design was employed with 61 scholarship students and 11 instructors from six vocational institutions across three provinces. Student responses were analyzed using ordinal descriptive statistics, direction-harmonized domain scores, Pearson correlations with Spearman sensitivity analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA).

Flying insects play essential ecological, agricultural, and public health roles, yet their monitoring remains hindered by sampling biases, taxonomic bottlenecks, and the difficulty of identifying numerous small or morphologically similar species. Traditional trap-based and morphology-driven approaches provide irreplaceable physical specimens but are increasingly insufficient for large-scale or real-time biodiversity assessments. Recent advances in molecular identification, sensor-based detection systems, and artificial intelligence now offer powerful complementary tools capable of improving the accuracy, temporal resolution, and scalability of flying insect surveys.

Osteoporosis is a progressive metabolic bone disorder characterised by microarchitectural deterioration and reduced bone mass, increasing the risk of fractures. While rodent models are commonly used in preclinical research, zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as an alternative due to its high genetic homology with humans, rapid development, optical transparency, and cost-effectiveness. Several chemically induced zebrafish models have been developed to mimic various phenotypes of osteoporosis, and their use is increasing.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are effective for dissecting complex traits and accelerating molecular breeding; however, genomic insights into brown spot resistance in rice, particularly from Northeast (NE) Indian germplasm, remain limited. In this study, a GWAS was conducted on a novel panel of 400 rice landraces from NE India to identify loci and candidate genes associated with resistance to brown spot disease caused by Bipolaris oryzae. Phenotypic evaluation over two years under Uniform Blast Nursery conditions, using the IRRI Standard Evaluation System, revealed two resistant accessions (Rupohi Sali and NCM-7-Solpona) and 13 highly susceptible lines, indicating substantial genetic variation.

Jashore Pouro Park is a popular recreational site offering significant environmental and social benefits to the community. This study assesses the Park's environmental services and recreational value using data collected through a standardised questionnaire from 561 visitors aged 18 and above who visited the park solely for leisure purposes. Seasonal data on environmental services and water quality parameters were collected from April 2021 to March 2022, including seasonal pond water sampling (n = 15 spatial subsamples per pond per season; two ponds).

Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities, making it a potential ligand for breast cancer radiotheranostics. Because technetium and rhenium share coordination similarity, they can form matched diagnostic–therapeutic pairs using the same ligand scaffold. However, the electronic properties, binding stability, and dynamic interactions of technetium–hesperidin and rhenium–hesperidin complexes with breast cancer targets remain unclear. This study systematically evaluated their structural, electronic, and energetic profiles using an integrated in silico approach.

The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus during pregnancy is rising, including in Thailand. Poor glycaemic control during pregnancy can negatively impact both mothers and their babies. This study aims to understand the experiences and perspectives of both nurse-midwives and pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Belgian-style acidic ale beers are gaining interest worldwide. These sour beers comprise the spontaneously fermented Belgian lambic beers and beers that are inspired by them, including American coolship ales. This study identified the microbiota present during Norwegian lambic-style acidic beer production processes, as well as the microbial metabolites produced. The production processes investigated were characterized by the addition of whole apples to the wort in the coolship. The four microbial phases typical for Belgian lambic beer production processes could be distinguished, although several phases overlapped.

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a degenerative condition marked by the narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal, resulting in nerve compression, lower back pain, and radiculopathy. Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH), a key contributor to LSS, is associated with increased type-I collagen expression. Despite advances in surgical techniques for LSS, there remains a paucity of comprehensive reviews synthesizing current evidence on the role of collagen type-I in LFH and its therapeutic potential. This systematic review examined the association between type-I collagen expression and LFH in LSS.

Repetitive DNAs, particularly satellite DNA (satDNA), constitute some of the most dynamic elements of eukaryotic genomes; however, their role in evolutionary diversification remains insufficiently understood. They are commonly associated with the organization of centromeres and telomeres, as well as with chromatin modulation. This study presents the first comprehensive satellitome characterization of Characidium zebra, a Neotropical fish exhibiting notable chromosomal stability, exploiting populations from the Paranapanema and Tietê river basins.

Cyber cafés in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) serve as critical digital access points for a diverse population including Emiratis, expatriates, and tourists. However, these shared spaces also come with substantial cybersecurity risks. Open networks, varied user behaviours, and limited security enforcement create vulnerabilities that can be exploited. The present study explores how different user groups perceive cybersecurity, their awareness of risks, and their experiences of cyber incidents in cyber cafes.

Dairy production is a critical value chain for Kenya's rural employment and household income. However, the sector experiences low production and informal marketing. As a result, the government has established several interventions to support farmers in rural areas, including encouraging the formation of formal markets. However, it is not clear whether farmers have utilised and benefited from joining the formal markets (dairy cooperative and processors). This study, therefore, estimates the effect of the formal milk market on the gross margin of dairy producers using an endogenous switching regression model.

Epilepsy is increasingly understood as a disorder of large-scale neural networks rather than isolated cortical foci, and this conceptual shift has renewed interest in subcortical structures as therapeutic targets. The field of Forel, a densely packed subthalamic region traversed by the pallido-thalamic tract (PTT) and other major fiber pathways, was historically targeted by the Jinnai–Mukawa group for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) when focal resection was not feasible. Although early Forel-H-tomy yielded favorable seizure reduction in selected patients, outcomes varied widely and permanent neurological complications were not uncommon, limiting its broader adoption.

Additive manufacturing in metals now spans a broad set of processes, materials, and machine configurations, which makes technology selection increasingly non-trivial and strongly application-dependent. This study presents an expert-driven multi-criteria decision framework to select an appropriate metal additive manufacturing technology, under the premise that no single process is universally optimal across geometries, materials, and build sizes. The approach uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to structure the decision problem, define and weight selection criteria, and rank competing technological alternatives.

Numerous studies have indicated that metabolic heterogeneity among cancer cells is essential for the progression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Therefore, we have constructed and verified a predictive model based on metabolism-associated genes (MRGs) to estimate the survival prognosis of individuals diagnosed with ICC in this research.

In most mammals, the development of ovulated oocytes is temporarily arrested during metaphase II until fertilization. However, after retrieval, oocytes can spontaneously activate. This phenomenon is common in rats and has been reported in humans. In rats, spontaneously activated oocytes extrude a second polar body or form membrane protrusions. Spontaneous activation causes chromosomal abnormalities and impairs developmental competence; therefore, suppression of spontaneous activation is required.

Transcranial focused ultrasound is widely used for treating brain diseases; however, skull-induced attenuation and aberration require numerical acoustic simulations for safe application. These simulations predominantly focus on skull modeling, whereas the soft tissues are often simplified or neglected despite their relevance under clinical conditions. In this study, we systematically investigated how head model compositions influence ultrasound propagation by incorporating the scalp and non-skull soft tissues into skull-centered models.

Land use changes (LUC) and river overexploitation present critical challenges to the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. This study offers a novel and comprehensive assessment of the impacts of human interventions, specifically LUC, dam construction, and water transfer projects, on river water quality and violations of environmental flow requirements (EFR). By employing MODIS images to analyze LUC trends in river basins, this research utilizes advanced raster and vector processing techniques with ENVI 5.0, ArcGIS 10.8, and Google Earth, introducing innovative methodologies for quantifying long-term changes in salinity (EC), acidity (pH), total dissolved solids (TDS), and nitrate concentrations across multiple rivers.

Evaluating textbooks in adult education is a felt need because adult learners' require andragogical approach differs from traditional pedagogy of formal schooling. Moreover textbooks are central to learning if it is prepared in a flexible context. The study addresses the need to decrease the mismatch of materials to adult contexts that can impair learning, equity, and programme effectiveness. The purpose of this evaluation study is to evaluate functional adult literacy textbook. Specifically, it tries to examine the layout and design of FAL textbook.

This study examines the moderating role of intellectual capital in the relationship between board characteristics and financial performance, recognizing that while board characteristics such as board size, board independence, board meetings, and board gender diversity are crucial to corporate governance, and their effectiveness in driving financial performance may depend on the organization's intangible resources. The modified value-added intellectual coefficient (MVAIC) was employed to evaluate the efficiency of the intellectual capital of the sample banks.

The human microbiome, a diverse and dynamic community of microorganisms, plays fundamental roles in regulating host health by supporting digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune regulation. Disruptions in this microbial balance, refer to as dysbiosis can arise from factors such as dietary patterns, psychological stress, diseases states and use of medications, particularly antibiotics. Such dysbiosis have been associated with a wide range of conditions, including gastrointestinal disorders like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as well as systemic and neuropsychological complications.

A role for vitamin D deficiency and inadequate sunlight exposure in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been suggested. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the association of vitamin D deficiency and inadequate sunlight exposure with PD. A total of 87 PD patients and 88 neurologically healthy general patients with normal liver and kidney functions were selected for the study using a systematic random sampling technique. Participants were recruited from a tertiary-level hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, following standard ethical guidelines and after obtaining informed consent.

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is defined as a loss of at least 30 dB across three consecutive frequencies within 72 hours. It affects 5 to 27 per 100,000 people, and recovery rates range from 32% to 65% [13]. Because its causes and recovery course are uncertain, prognosis is difficult and clinical management is often planned with limited individualized guidance. Machine learning has been widely explored for clinical diagnosis and outcome prediction [1], and ISSNHL-specific studies have applied ML models to predict hearing outcomes and recovery categories [2,9,11,17,19].

The accelerating integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare systems worldwide is generating unprecedented imperatives for nursing education. Yet, structured pedagogical frameworks to guide this integration remain underdeveloped. This study aimed to explore faculty members' and nursing students' perspectives on integrating AI into undergraduate nursing education and to construct a preliminary, context-specific, empirically grounded framework The study was conducted at Kerman University of Medical Sciences (KMU), Iran.

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting students' motivation and the effectiveness of accelerated learning in higher education. An introductory programming class and a marketing research class at a university in Hong Kong were selected to examine the factors influencing the effectiveness of accelerated learning and students' motivation to enroll in accelerated courses. A qualitative approach was adopted. Purposive sampling was employed to select accelerated courses at a university in Hong Kong.

To assess the impact of treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) with positive airway pressure (PAP) on the risk of postoperative complications.

Arsenic contamination has remained a serious health concern in Nepal. The water quality of 24 tube-wells and the hydraulic head were continuously monitored. The fluctuations in arsenic concentrations in individual tube wells reached a maximum of 1463 μg/L. Groundwater irrigation was applied twice a year from April to early June for rice and October to January for wheat. The rapid decline and rise in the hydraulic heads of the observation tube-wells coincided with the timing of groundwater irrigation.

Despite increasing concerns about unhealthy weight management behaviors (UWMBs), prior research has primarily examined short-term media influences and fragmented gender differences in weight-loss attitudes, overlooking the role of social norms in shaping behaviors through sociocultural changes. Addressing this gap, this study explored how social norms related to weight loss have evolved over time at three distinct time points. A total of 18,182 news articles were retrieved from BIG KINDS, Korea's news big data platform, using the search terms “weight loss,” “weight control,” or “dieting.” These articles were refined and analyzed using keyword extraction, semantic network analysis, and latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling with NetMiner.

The triangulations of d-dimensional polytopes divide the body into simplices whose vertices are the original ones. This work introduces new families of nontriangulable polytopes as natural extensions of the classical three-dimensional counterexamples due to Schönhardt, Bagemihl, and Rambau to higher dimensions. The Schönhardt polyhedron is nontriangulable because any tetrahedron with a fixed triangular face has an edge lying in the exterior of the polyhedron. We construct a special four-dimensional polytope whose facets are tetrahedra and prove its nontriangulability by an exhaustive case analysis: every candidate 4-simplex incident with the base facet a1a2a3a4 overlaps the interior of a corresponding removed 4-simplex and therefore is not contained in the polytope.

The textile industry in Bangladesh faces several challenges, including a lack of transparency and traceability, the prevalence of counterfeit products, inefficient documentation, a complex supply chain, and poor working conditions. The integration of blockchain technology into the Bangladeshi textile industry has the potential to bring about substantial improvements in transparency, operational efficiency, and sustainability. This innovation could transform the industry, enhancing its competitiveness and dependability.

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is an important food crop with the potential to address food security concerns in Uganda. Its cultivation, however, remains limited to a few parts of the country. Yet, reports indicate that nearly 80% of the country's land is suitable for crop production. It is, therefore, important to determine the factors responsible for this variable adoption. This study aimed to determine the factors responsible for the restricted cultivation of pigeonpea in Uganda. The research was conducted in three agro-ecological zones that have varying levels of pigeonpea production.

Bread fortified with silver carp meat powder at concentrations ranging from 0% to 15% was prepared and evaluated for nutritional, sensory, and physicochemical properties. The protein and lipid contents increased from 15.18% to 24.60% and from 6.44% to 9.17%, respectively, with increasing levels of silver carp meat powder. Moisture content was not affected by the fortification, while carbohydrate content decreased from 65.02% to 53.27% as the amount of silver carp meat powder increased. Fortified breads showed an increase in amino acid content, with methionine, phenylalanine, and cysteine being the major amino acids, ranging from 3429.84 to 5825.01 mg/100 g, 3072.30–5217.79 mg/100 g, and 1293.34–2196.52 mg/100 g, respectively.

Organ-on-chip (OoC) technologies are increasingly recognised as human-relevant alternatives to animal testing, offering advanced biology-based models for disease modelling, drug discovery, and precision medicine. These innovative systems allow scientists to model specific organ structures and functions, reproducing complex electromechanical stimuli and organ-organ interactions. In this study, we used the Biomedical Models Hub (BimmoH) to map the landscape of OoC human biology-based models and to perform a bibliometric analysis of the scientific publications in the field.