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We then used open source tools (3D Slicer and a new module, Dental Dynamics) to measure the oral jaw bones and quantify metrics for every tooth in the dentition (>4,000 in total)!

4 species are highlighted with individual segments for each of the teeth in their jaws

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We used high resolution microCT scanning to capture the fine morphology of the oral jaws and dentition

Figure 1. Phylogeny or tree diagram showing the pricklebacks family tree, with carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores highlighted. CT scans of their skulls are shown.

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Pricklebacks are a group of fishes from the pacific coast that have been extensively studied for their diverse diets, with multiple evolutions of omnivory and herbivory. But we wanted to know how they ate their food, specifically the morphology of their jaws and teeth.

Rock pricklebacks from the Oregon coast aquarium

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SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 10/03/2026

My first PhD chapter is out! How do related fishes adapt to eat different foods? And how do they change as they grow? 🧵 doi.org/10.1002/jmor...

Screenshot of https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.70131

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IOB co author @lorenzoemartinez.bsky.social presented at SICB in 2026. His research evaluated the functional strengths and weaknesses of the armor of small #fish, called poachers. news.rhodes.edu/stories/rhod... connect www.linkedin.com/in/lorenzo-m... & read IOB's doi.org/10.1093/iob/...

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SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 11/03/2026

IOB's co authors donated us of their cover image of doi.org/10.1093/iob/... for use on SIC'S Fine Art America account fineartamerica.com/featured/mic... Profits go to SICB student funds. Pick up some merch for the scientists in your life. #art #tomography #fish #microscopy #science #biology

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SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 12/03/2026

IOB Just one of the incredible figures from our latest Testing the Limits: Functional Strengths and Weaknesses of Poacher (Agonidae) Armor @lorenzoemartinez.bsky.social et al doi.org/10.1093/iob/... #Science #ecology #tomography #microscopy

figure 2 Damage testing methods. (A) μCT scan of B. alascanus showing the locations along the body used for MTS trials (solid brackets), and the tested region for blunt impact and abrasion quantification (dashed bracket). The scale bar measures 25 mm. MTS line drawings showing (B) a puncture trial performed dorsally between the two dorsal fins and (C) a crushing trial performed dorsally between the two dorsal fins. (D) A poacher in the tumbler with rocks for impact testing. (E) A poacher in the tumbler with sand for abrasion testing. The poachers inside tumblers (C, D) have been highlighted for visibility.

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SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 13/03/2026

IOB "We quantified damage to poacher armor and skeleton under different force modes, including crushing, puncture, abrasion, and blunt impact, using micro-computed #tomography, scanning electron #microscopy, and material testing." by @lorenzoemartinez.bsky.social et al doi.org/10.1093/iob/...

$Fig. 4 μCT scans of B. alascanus, previewing selected puncture and crushing damages. Arrows are used to highlight damages. Inset scale bars measure 2 mm. (A) Dislocated vertebrae due to a lateral crush parallel to the first dorsal fin. (B) Dorsal plate fractures due to a dorsal crush between the dorsal fins. (C) Broken dorsal spines due to a dorsal crush at the plate transition. (D) Cracked ventral plates due to a lateral crush parallel to the first dorsal fin. (E) Lateral plate fractures due to a lateral crush parallel to the second dorsal fin. (F) Lateral plate damage due to a lateral puncture on the side of the tail.$

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SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 15/04/2026

Methods used to study these systems—CT scanning, histology, finite element analysis, & mechanical testing—directly influence how the biological principles of armor are defined and understood. @karlycohen.bsky.social @cmdonatelli.bsky.social @schulzscience.bsky.social et al doi.org/10.1093/icb/...

Fig. 2.
Comparative osteoderm morphology of fossil and extant armadillos, highlighting the structural conservation of body armor across evolutionary time. (A) Extant screaming hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus vellerosus) with inset showing a close-up of its osteoderms. (B) Fossil Glyptodon sp. osteoderm, exhibiting a rosette-like pattern characteristic of glyptodonts. (C–D) Fossil osteoderms of Glyptotherium floridanum, showing variation in surface texture and overall shape. (E–I) Fossil osteoderms of Holmesina floridanus, demonstrating rectangular morphology and diverse surface ornamentation. The arrangement showcases the remarkable continuity in osteoderm shape and function from extinct armored xenarthrans to their modern relatives. Fossil specimens were donated for scanning by T. Stankowich. Chaetophractus vellerosus specimen was donated to M. Paig-Tran from the Orange County Zoo and Scott Weldy, DVM.

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SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 09/03/2026

IOB's latest in issue! Testing the Limits: Functional Strengths and Weaknesses of Poacher (Agonidae) Armor doi.org/10.1093/iob/... @lorenzoemartinez.bsky.social @fishbiomeganist.bsky.social @karlycohen.bsky.social @fishguy.bsky.social @cmdonatelli.bsky.social #science #ecology

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Adam Summers @fishguy.bsky.social · 12/01/2026

Every other summer we run a fish biomechanics course at Friday Harbor Labs. It is an awesome opportunity to learn the tools of biovisualization while experiencing the rich fish diversity of the Salish Sea. Come join us! 🧪

A flyer for a fish biomechanics course at the Friday Harbor Labs this summer.

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Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 12/01/2026

Summer fish class at Friday Harbor Labs 🐟 5 weeks, field + lab, real projects. Open to grads, postdocs, and undergrads. Financial aid available. Apply: February 16, 2026 Reach out to @cmdonatelli.bsky.social @fishguy.bsky.social or @karlycohen.bsky.social with questions! Details in the flyer ⬇️

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SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 12/01/2026

ICB Form and Function in Mobulids: A Comparative Analysis of Filter #Morphology With #Bioinspiration Applications J B Teeple , news.fullerton.edu/2025/12/biol... S R Kahane-Rapport , K E Cohen , L Hamann , J A Strother , E W M Paig-Tran & read doi.org/10.1093/icb/... #science

SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 14/01/2026

Reposted by Cassandra Donatelli

ICB Tapered Tiles Modulate Flexibility in Segmented #Armadillo -Inspired Armor Teeple @karlycohen.bsky.social Stankowich , Misty Paig-Tran Donatelli doi.org/10.1093/icb/... #biology #geometry #science

Fig. 1
(A) Armadillos have a diversity of armor types. (B) D asypus novemcinctus highlights 2 distinct osteoderm regions (fixed buckler and moveable bands). (C) D asypus novemcinctus osteoderm micro-CT view of superficial and deep faces, displaying characteristic polygonal shape and nodular patterning. (D) Crosssectional view of fixed osteoderm based on histology from Hill (2006) and Krmpotic et al. (2015). (E) Chaetophractus villosus osteoderm and (F) histology based on Krmpotic et al. (2009). (G) Glyptodon sp. osteoderms (2) micro-CT of superficial and deep faces, showing similar shape as D. novemcinctus. (H) Paleohistology based on Wolf et al. (2012) of Glyptodon clavipes. D asypus novemcinctus specimen from the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture (Seattle, WA, USA). Glyptodon sp. Specimen donated for scanning by T. Stankowich. Phylogeny based on Delsuc et al. (2016). (A) Attributions (top to bottom): D. novemcinctus: by lwolfartist, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Glyptodon asper: by Arentderivative work: WolfmanSF, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Chaetophractus villosus: by Paul Prior, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Chlamyphorus truncatus: by Daderot, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons; Priodontes maximus: by Colorado State University Libraries, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Tolypeutes tricinctus; by IQRemix from Canada, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons. (B) Attribution: D. novemcinctus: by MUSE, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

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SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 16/01/2026

Meet the ICB authors of Tapered Tiles Modulate Flexibility in Segmented #Armadillo -Inspired Armor doi.org/10.1093/icb/... Teeple, @karlycohen.bsky.social Stankowich Paig-Tran @cmdonatelli.bsky.social youtube.com/shorts/M9f_E... #Biomechanics #science #biology #fish #sharks #bio-inspired

Julia B Teeple ,
https://news.fullerton.edu/2025/12/biology-grad-student-publishes-4-research-papers-in-scientific-journals/

Karly E Cohen ,

https://www.karlye-cohen.com/

Theodore Stankowich ,

https://www.csulb.edu/biological-sciences/mammal-lab

E W Misty Paig-Tran ,
https://www.sharks4kids.com/post/2019/07/30/shark-week-meet-biologist-dr-misty-paig-tran

Cassandra M Donatelli

https://directory.tacoma.uw.edu/employee/cdonatel

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SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 22/12/2025

Have you read ICB's issue 6 yet? with Applied #ecoimmunology in #wildlife health and #conservation & authors @schulzscience.bsky.social @karlycohen.bsky.social Cohen @thomsanger.bsky.social Sanger @cmdonatelli.bsky.social Donatelli Stacy Farina and more! academic.oup.com/icb/issue/65/6

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SICB journals @sicbjournals.bsky.social · 22/09/2025

IOB - out now! Twist and Snout: Head and Body #Morphologies Determine Feeding #Kinematics in Substrate-Biting #Fishes Tal Perevolotsky, Jacob M Brotman-Krass, Yarden Ratner, Yael Avigad, @fishguy.bsky.social , @cmdonatelli.bsky.social , Roi Holzman doi.org/10.1093/iob/... #morphology #science

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Adam Summers @fishguy.bsky.social · 11/10/2025

Just wrapped up a week of SlicerMorph/MorphoDepot/MorphoCloud work with @jaimiagray.bsky.social, @cmdonatelli.bsky.social and a great team of folks. This is Enophrys taurina with a damaged preopercular spine. Fighting or defense? 🧪🐡

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Royal Society Publishing @royalsocietypublishing.org · 18/04/2025

New from #JRSocInterface: Something to sink your teeth into: the mechanics of tooth indentation in frugivorous fishes: royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/... #biomechanics @karlycohen.bsky.social @cmdonatelli.bsky.social @sbcrofts.bsky.social

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Adam Summers @fishguy.bsky.social · 16/04/2025

Jack Rosen's paper on biting fruits and seeds is out in @royalsocietypublishing.org Interface. 3D models of pacu and piranha jaws cutting different prey. Pacus are 'better' at fruit. Maybe eating seeds drove the evolution of frugivory from piscivory. 🧪 royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/...

Four panel figure. A lateral CT scan of a frugivorous fish CT scan with an inset showing the jaws in frontal view. A 3D printed model of the upper and lower teeth opposing each other. The 3D printed models mounted in a materials testing system to allow food to be bitten. The load displacement curve that results from biting fruit in with the model jows.

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Dr. Solomon David @solomonrdavid.bsky.social · 07/03/2025

UPDATE: @garlab.bsky.social is making good progress👍

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UW News @uwnews.uw.edu · 14/02/2025

How 12 UW researchers fell in love with their research bit.ly/4kcgPFt 🧵 3/3 @fishguy.bsky.social @kendallvalentine.bsky.social

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Dr. Solomon David @solomonrdavid.bsky.social · 14/02/2025

Roses are red, Violets are blue, These eggs are toxic, No cavigar for you!

A photo of a Spotted Gar (fish) underwater with inset photo of gar eggs, which are toxic to mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and most arthropods. There are also hearts in the upper left to make this photo romantic.

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Cassandra Donatelli @cmdonatelli.bsky.social · 11/02/2025

Only 5 days left to submit an application to this summer's #REU - BLINKS program! We're excited to have so many awesome projects lined up 🎉 🦊🦀🪸🐠🌕🌱♻️🌏🌊🤖🐚☁️ Please pass this along and check out our website for project descriptions and application info: fhl.uw.edu/research/sum... @fishguy.bsky.social

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Cassandra Donatelli @cmdonatelli.bsky.social · 16/01/2025

We are excited about this summer's #REU - BLINKS program! Applications will close in mid-February. Please share with any students who you think might be interested. fhl.uw.edu/research/sum...

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Adam Summers @fishguy.bsky.social · 16/01/2025

Our REU summer program just went live. Here is the application form... etap.nsf.gov/award/499/op... And here are the project descriptions... fhl.uw.edu/research/sum... There is a short time line on this. Please pass it to any interested undergrads.

etap.nsf.gov

NSF Education & Training Application | ETAP

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Kelly Diamond @diamondkmg.bsky.social · 06/01/2025

More #sicb2025 posters today!! 6 down 2 to go! Fishes and frogs!

Myself and 2 collaborators in front of our poster on frog jumping at the SICB meeting

Lorenzo in front of his poster on why tiny fish have so much armor at the SICB meeting

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Adam Summers @fishguy.bsky.social · 06/01/2025

Here is an odd bit of #DeskDetritus. An unpaired bone from a walrus. The Os Baculum, or penis bone is called an oosik.

A walrus penis bone sitting on a messy desk.

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Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Happening now! Form, function, and mechanics of composites! @schulzscience.bsky.social #SICB2025 #SICBbioinspired @sicbjournals.bsky.social

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Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Now Astrid Layton gets students working on bioinspired design in engineering spaces. #SICB2025 #SICBbioinspired @sicbjournals.bsky.social

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Andrew K. Schulz, Ph.D. @schulzscience.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Talk number 2 is up at 2:00pm in Marquis C. If you love knitting or elephants you should stop by! #SICB2025

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Julia Notar, PhD @jnotar.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Many thanks to @cmdonatelli.bsky.social and @karlycohen.bsky.social for organizing such a great symposium on bioinspiration and having complimentary sessions that welcome my weird little urchin camera

Cassandra Donatelli @cmdonatelli.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Thanks to everyone who participated in our #SICBioinspired symposium today! @karlycohen.bsky.social and I had so much fun hearing from all of you. Thanks also to @biologists.bsky.social and @anatomyorg.bsky.social and @sicbjournals.bsky.social for supporting everyone here today! #SICB2025

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Cassandra Donatelli @cmdonatelli.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Poacher fishes are able to repair damaged armor! @karlycohen.bsky.social is figuring how and why some repair better and faster than others. #SICBioinspired #SICB2025

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Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Next we have @schulzscience.bsky.social starting at 2 PM in Marquis C! If you are looking at the paper program this is a schedule change you don't want to miss! #SICB2025 #SICBioinspired @sicbjournals.bsky.social

Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Reposted by Cassandra Donatelli

We are starting back up again strong with Brian Woronowicz talking about tail movement and function in rats

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Cassandra Donatelli @cmdonatelli.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

We are back for our afternoon session! Come join us this afternoon in Marquis C for some more awesome #SICBioinspired talks! #SICB2025

Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Reposted by Cassandra Donatelli

Up now is Jessica Tingle using conceptual frameworks for jump between biology and engineering! #SICB #SICBinspired @sicbjournals.bsky.social

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Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Jessica presents us a framework to help find the colleagues to answer your questions! Aiding conversations across the fields of biology and engineering

Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Reposted by Cassandra Donatelli

How we ask think about our questions has major impacts on the kinds of data we collect and share

Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Reposted by Cassandra Donatelli

Armadillo taper affects are not stiffness, making the whole thing bendy but not too bendy

Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Reposted by Cassandra Donatelli

Sebastian Kruppert talks to us about the importance of soft robotics and how do we make soft materials move #SICB2025 #SICBinspired @sicbjournals.bsky.social

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Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

@curlybiologist.bsky.social talks to us about denticle morphology and flow! Some denticles in the nose face the wrong way! #SICB2025 #SICBinspired @sicbjournals.bsky.social

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Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Next up is Sarah Bergbreiter improving robotic systems by looking to biology! Looking at neural systems and networks in flight mechanics to build better robots #SICB2025 #SICBinspired @sicbjournals.bsky.social

Dr. Karly E. Cohen @karlycohen.bsky.social · 05/01/2025

Reposted by Cassandra Donatelli

Starting back up with Julia Teeple talking about the mechanics of Armadillo armor! Join us in Marquis C #SICB2025 #SICBinspired @sicbjournals.bsky.social