The association between body mass index (BMI) and astigmatism among children remains unclear. We conducted a longitudinal study to examine the relationship between BMI and astigmatism in a large pedia...

A major challenge in teaching slit-lamp biomicroscopy is providing adequate depth perception and anatomical detail; the Deep Reality Viewer (DRV) addresses this by enabling stereopsis. This study eval...

A 38-year-old woman presented with reduced central vision and was found to have an extensive myelinated retinal nerve fiber layer (MNFL) and a full-thickness macular hole. The MNFL extended from the o...

Chiari malformation (CM) comprises congenital or acquired hindbrain herniations (>5-mm cerebellar tonsillar descent below the foramen magnum) that disrupt cerebrospinal fluid flow and compress neural ...

Panitumumab is a fully human recombinant monoclonal antibody.1 It targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which can drive the development and progression of various solid cancers, includi...

To compare Canadian provincial cataract surgery “Wait Time 2” (WT2) between 2008 and 2023. WT2 refers to the interval between surgical booking and the date of surgery, with a national benchmark of ≤16...

Purtscher retinopathy occurs after indirect (nonocular) trauma and was first described by the Austrian ophthalmologist Otmar Purtscher in 1910.1 Similar retinal findings from nontraumatic causes, such...

To examine the incidence and clinical characteristics of concurrent thyroid eye disease (TED) and myasthenia gravis (MG) and identify potential diagnostic clues for this rare coexistence.

An otherwise-healthy 6-year-old girl was referred to the retina service for evaluation of a left inferior retinal hemorrhage, initially suspicious for branch vascular occlusion. Fundus photography sho...

Chorioretinal folds (CRFs) are defined as undulations of the choroid and overlying Bruch membrane, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and neurosensory retina and are characterized by alternating light ...

A 59-year-old woman presented with right-eye photopsia and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/20. She was diagnosed with a sporadic retinal capillary hemangioma (RCH), given normal VHL-germline...

Orthoptists play a critical role in diagnosing and managing eye movement disorders. Although the uneven distribution of ophthalmologists and optometrists in rural areas is documented,1,2 no current da...

A 33-year-old man with a history of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) was referred to our centre for routine retinal evaluation. His ocular history was significant for central retinal artery occlusion of...

Subgaleal hematoma (SGH) is the collection of blood between the galea aponeurotica and periosteum of the scalp.1 SGH results from traumatic disruption of emissary veins due to minor head trauma, scalp...

To characterize the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features of flame-shaped epiretinal membranes (ERMs) in patients with and without neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).

To evaluate whether incorporating contextual operating room (OR) elements into cataract surgery simulation influences cardiovascular responses, subjective stress, and surgical performance.

The benchmark treatment to achieve closure of a macular hole (MH) associated with VMT consists of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), internal limiting membrane (ILM) peel, and intraocular gas tamponade. Man...

To measure the incidence and risk factors of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in a Canadian population from 2010 to 2023.

Access to eye care remains a global health priority, particularly for underserved populations in rural, Indigenous, and low-income communities. Despite advancements in ophthalmic care and technology, ...

To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect, adverse event profile, and risk factors for failure of an ab externo microshunt combined with phacoemulsification after 1 year of follow-up.

To examine and compare medical students’ perceptions of ophthalmology as a career, with a focus on women and under-represented students.

RPE65-associated Leber’s congenital amaurosis (RPE65-LCA) is now treatable with a subretinal injection of voretigene neparvovec-rzyl (VN). Outcomes specific to young patients are not often reported. W...

Cataract surgery is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in Canada.1 Advancements in surgical techniques have greatly improved patient outcomes and safety.2,3

Eye care providers have a responsibility to accommodate patients with visual impairment; however, few studies have explored the accessibility of eye clinics. It is critical to involve stakeholders in ...

Ocular tumours are detrimental to quality of life and survival. The diagnostic capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) have increased in the past decade. This systematic review aims to evaluate t...

The posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs) originate from the basilar artery, a branch of the vertebral arteries, and supply the occipital lobe, parts of the temporal lobe, and the thalamus. Ischemic stro...

To evaluate the real-world effectiveness and safety of topical insulin (25 IU/mL) in patients with neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) across multiple etiologies.

This study presents an independent clinical evaluation of Dr.Noon CVD, a commercially developed artificial intelligence (AI)-based retinal imaging model that estimates cardiovascular disease (CVD) ris...

To quantify the pediatric ophthalmology workforce density, travel burden, and socioeconomic inequities across all 293 Canadian census divisions (CDs).

To evaluate the demographics, clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN).

Intraorbital emphysema is commonly reported in the context of orbital fractures following trauma; however, nontraumatic etiologies, including dental procedures, are rare.1

When performing ptosis surgery, oculoplastic surgeons typically are seated at the head of the patient and are looking at an inverted face. The authors of this study report that they often stand and mo...

Short-lasting, Unilateral, Neuralgiform headache attacks with Conjunctival injection and Tearing (SUNCT) is a short-lasting trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia, causing severe pain typically lasting betw...

Oculomotor cranial nerve (CN III) palsy is a condition resulting from damage to the third cranial nerve. CN III palsy typically presents with a combination of anisocoria with mydriasis, ophthalmoplegi...

Fig. 1. (A) Multicolour confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy shows an epiretinal sheen and retinal surface distortion. Horizontal lines indicate the locations of corresponding OCT B-scans. (B) High-...

This patient, with Fuch’s endothelial dystrophy, underwent Descemet stripping, supplemented only by postoperative ripasudil. The procedure involved peeling of the central 4-mm zone of Descemet’s membr...

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of childhood blindness worldwide. While choroidal involution has been described in animal models, choroidal perfusion in premature infants remains...

This study aimed to evaluate the association between optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived biomarkers and disease severity in patients with choroideremia (CHM) and CHM carriers.

Reversal of vision metamorphopsia is a fascinating phenomenon characterized by a perceived 180° rotation of vision in the coronal plane, causing one’s world to appear upside down. This rare and unusua...

To describe the clinical outcomes of combined Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) and intraocular lens (IOL) exchange using the Yamane technique, and to review the literature...

A 62-year-old male was referred with a year-long history of treatment for diffuse anterior scleritis in the right eye, refractory to corticosteroids and immunomodulators. Examination revealed a corksc...

To report the etiologies, clinical course, and management outcomes of pediatric full-thickness macular holes (MH).

Calgary is 1 of only 2 cities in Alberta equipped to manage cases of acute rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) diagnosed in the province and adjacent territories. In Calgary, after-hours access ...

Socioeconomic status (SES) is a known social determinant of general health. The purpose of this review was to explore the association between SES and visual impairment and ocular disease in Canada.