iiinova — where your digital self keeps evolving

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 06/03/2026

🇪🇺🇮🇳 The EU–India FTA has landed. Two points: (1) The obligation to effectively implement Paris has been weakened: "effectively" has been dropped. (2) The dispute settlement process is 100% political: no expert review, no remedies. All in all, a significant weakening of the trade-climate nexus 🔻

011

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 02/12/2025

Thank you @wti.bsky.social for inviting me to speak about trade–climate interlinkages in trade agreements. Such great questions from the audience! 👀 💫

000

Reposted by Caroline Bertram

Simon Evans @drsimevans.carbonbrief.org · 21/11/2025

COP30 BREAKING NEWS The presidency has just dropped a new package of texts including the "global mutirão" cover, which makes no mention of fossil fuels or roadmaps Here's my snap analysis (pic) unfccc.int/sites/def...

64422

Reposted by Caroline Bertram

Simon Evans @drsimevans.carbonbrief.org · 18/11/2025

Finally on trade measures, para 58 Opt1 take note of response measures / technical w'shops Opt2 dialogues at Bonn meetings Opt3 new info-sharing "platform" on trade measures Opt4 UNSG summit on trade + annual dialogue + report

032

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 28/10/2025

🌱 Trade and climate policy shape each other, and no single discipline holds all the answers for how to govern this wisely. Research bridging economics, law, politics, and STEM is essential—but true interdisciplinarity takes time, trust, and supportive funding structures. How do we bring this about?

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 25/07/2025

The ICJ delivers a landmark opinion, which makes clear that under the #ParisAgreement, NDCs need to: ✅ Become more ambitious over time, ✅ Make an adequate contribution to holding global warming to 1.5°C, ✅ Be implemented by putting in place domestic measures reasonably capable of achieving NDCs ❗

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 24/05/2025

📢 Did you miss it? New publication in Geopolitics! 🔥 This is a piece about perceptions, power, politics, and the messy realities of sustainability governance through trade. It foregrounds the perspectives, concerns and agency of EU trade partners. 🌏 ➡️ www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....

010

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 16/05/2025

Known as a climate frontrunner, the world would need 4.7 planets if everyone lived like Danes. Green image, heavy brown climate footprint 🌍🇩🇰 #ClimateCrisis #PlanetaryBoundaries #OvershootDay #GreenTransition #EUClimatePolicy

100

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 08/05/2025

4/4 The key question becomes: If the EU cannot reconcile ambitious climate action with prosperity and security, who can?

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 08/05/2025

3/4 If the EU begins to justify climate backsliding on economic and security grounds, it risks undermining global momentum for climate ambition. Given today’s unparalleled level of global conflict — some say the highest since WWII — and the EU’s relatively high global wealth....

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 08/05/2025

2/4 🪖 📈 What’s more concerning is the growing perception that the EU’s competitiveness and security agendas are in conflict with its green ambitions. As a result, the chances of the EU proposing 2035 and 2040 climate targets in line with the 1.5°C Paris Agreement goal seem slim... 🌡️

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 08/05/2025

1/4 ⏰ Despite being nearly three months past the deadline, the EU has still not submitted an updated climate action plan. This does not seem to be a top priority for the current Polish Council Presidency, most likely leaving it to Denmark to get through after the summer.

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 08/05/2025

COP30 & the EU’s role 🌱🇪🇺 ⏰ Still no updated EU climate plan; not a priority for the Polish Presidency. 🪖📉 EU’s security & competitiveness is perceived to be clashing with green goals. 1.5°C-aligned 2035/2040 targets? Unlikely. 🌍 If the EU can’t align climate, prosperity & security—who can?

400

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 04/03/2025

Klimapolitikken er gledet ned ad den globale dagsorden. Men hvor langt? 2025 vil afsløre, om Parisaftalen stadig har politisk tyngde 🌱 ➡️ Læs min analyse i Berlingske i dag om hvorfor, at 2025 er et afgørende år, og hvorfor Trumps handelskrige gør global klimapolitik meget sværere 🇺🇸💰🥊

berlingske.dk

Klimakrise og handelskrig: Derfor bliver 2025 et skæbneår for Parisaftalen

Læs mere her.

010

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 14/02/2025

🔍 What’s inside? ✅ All press releases from the European Commission's press corner, published by the Directorate for Trade (DG Trade) ✅ Compiled in Nvivo with files in PDF for easier coding ✅ Intuitive naming (Commission mandate, date of publication, and topic!) #TradePolicy #EUTrade #EU #OpenAcess

020

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 14/02/2025

📉🇪🇺 If you’re exploring discursive trends, tracking policy changes/continuities, or just trying to make sense of how EU trade policy has evolved over the last three decades, this dataset could be a game-changer.

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 14/02/2025

🚀 Calling all EU trade researchers and policy enthusiasts! I’ve just released an updated version of my open access dataset compiling every press release from the European Commission (DG Trade) — now covering 1989 to 2025 (until February 10). Check it out! ➡️ dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtm...

dataverse.harvard.edu

221

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 11/02/2025

However, the fear remains that the missed deadline reflects a declining willingness to uphold a strong and credible climate framework, raising questions of whether the climate regime may slowly be crumbling... ⏳ 🌱

010

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 11/02/2025

While the missed deadline is concerning, it’s not the end of the world. Most countries are expected to submit their contributions within the next nine months, leading up to #COP30 in Brazil. 🇧🇷 The fact that 2024 was a major election year globally may partly explain the delays.

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 11/02/2025

The situation is further exacerbated by recent political signals from major players: Trump 🇺🇸 has resumed the process of withdrawing the world’s second-largest emitter from the agreement. Meanwhile, political leaders in Argentina, Russia, and possibly even New Zealand are discussing similar moves 🇦🇷🇷🇺🇳🇿

020

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 11/02/2025

🖐 The Paris Agreement’s temperature goal of keeping global temperature rise below 2°C and preferably 1.5°C 🌡️ was unanimously adopted a decade ago, but weak #COP climate negotiations in recent years have fueled fears of backsliding.

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 11/02/2025

🌍🔴 Climate delay or backslide? 📄 7 of the world's 10 largest economies missed the deadline yesterday to submit updated climate action plans (NDCs) under the #Parisagreement. Weak #COP climate talks and a challenging political landscape (🇺🇸 🇦🇷🇷🇺) are putting the ambitions of the Paris deal to the test

410

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 04/02/2025

🌏 🌡️ 🇳🇿 Yesterday, a New Zealand coalition partner (ACT) floated the idea of New Zealand withdrawing from the Paris Agreement.🌱 This would not be inconsequential. Under the EU-New Zealand FTA, either party can suspend the trade deal in case the other withdraws from the Paris Agreement 🇪🇺 ⚖️🙅 🇳🇿

030

Reposted by Caroline Bertram

Benjamin Braun @benbraun.social · 22/01/2025

🚨📣 We are so back: ℙ𝕠𝕝𝕚𝕥𝕚𝕔𝕒𝕝 𝕖𝕔𝕠𝕟𝕠𝕞𝕪 𝕠𝕗 𝕗𝕚𝕟𝕒𝕟𝕔𝕖 𝕤𝕦𝕞𝕞𝕖𝕣 𝕤𝕔𝕙𝕠𝕠𝕝 𝟚.𝟘 - 3 days @ Watson Institute, Providence - PhD candidates (2nd year+), post-docs & assistant profs - All expenses covered (🙏 sponsors) - A-team of instructors 🙏💪 - Mark Blyth 😎 Apply by 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 𝟏. Link below. Please share!

POLITICAL ECONOMY OF
FINANCE SUMMER SCHOOL
AT THE WATSON INSTITUTE FOR
INTERNATIONAL & PUBLIC AFFAIRS
FORMAT
June 5th to 7th
Open to PhD candidates and early career scholars
Travel and accommodation covered for all participants
JUNE 5TH TO 7TH, 2025

INSTRUCTORS:
Milan Babic
Cornel Ban
Benjamin Braun
Madison Condon
Kevin Gallagher
Charlotte Robertson
Tim Sahay
Mark Schwartz
Gregor Semieniuk
Chloe Thurston
Yingyao Wang

TOPICS INCLUDE:
Dollar Hegemony
Debt & Debt Relief in the U.S.
History of Financing Regimes
Institutional Capital Pools
Debt & Finance in the Global South
Rise of State Capital
Global Finance in the New Cold War
Finance & Decarbonization
Insurance & Climate Change
State Capital & Green Finance in China

411770

Reposted by Caroline Bertram

GreenDeal-NET @greendealnet.eu · 27/01/2025

Can EU trade agreements bolster climate action? @carolinebertram.bsky.social & @herminevc.bsky.social examine how commitments to effectively implement the Paris Agreement raise costs, strengthen duties and foster ambition. Will dispute settlement mechanisms deliver?

greendealnet.eu

042

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 25/01/2025

Thank you Ben - I hope everything is going well in Edinburgh!

010

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 24/01/2025

And my amazing co-authors @herminevc.bsky.social, Ana Carolina Campera and Simon Happersberger 🌱

010

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 24/01/2025

Thank you @anderswivel.bsky.social, Jens Ladefoged, @jeanfrancoismartin.bsky.social, @benrosamond1.bsky.social, Marlene Wind, Michele Betsill, Jan Orbie, @ferdideville.bsky.social, @camillenessel.bsky.social, Johan Eliasson, Axel Marx, Fariborz Zelli, Evgeny Postnikov, Alasdair Young, and many more!

140

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 24/01/2025

🍾⭐ I am deeply grateful to the European Union Studies Association for granting my PhD dissertation the Wade Jacoby Best Dissertation Award. This would not have been possible without the support of so many incredible individuals who guided me through this journey. A heartfelt thank you to everyone! 🤍

I am deeply grateful to the European Union Studies Association for honoring my PhD dissertation with the Wae Jacoby Best Dissertation Award. This achievement would not have been possible without the support of so many incredible individuals who guided me throughout my PhD journey, including … and many others. A heartfelt thank you to everyone who contributed along the way!

370

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 22/01/2025

Just ticked a box for @uaces.bsky.social summer conference confirming I’m *not* submitting a full male panel. As a woman in a male-dominated field, I appreciate the nudge and the reminder that balance matters everywhere 👩‍🏫👨‍🏫 –– will I see you at EUSA in Philly and UACES in Liverpool? 🇪🇺 #EUstudies

040

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 21/01/2025

Truly a piece of art – thanks for the great summary!

000

Reposted by Caroline Bertram

GreenDeal-NET @greendealnet.eu · 13/01/2025

Can EU trade agreements bolster climate action? @carolinebertram.bsky.social & @herminevc.bsky.social examine how commitments to effectively implement the Paris Agreement raise costs,strengthen duties &foster ambition. Will dispute settlement mechanisms deliver?👉 www.greendealnet.eu/Strengthenin...

022

Reposted by Caroline Bertram

Simon Evans @drsimevans.carbonbrief.org · 24/11/2024

I'm so proud of the Carbon Brief #COP29 team for finishing our big summary of the talks It's an EPIC 20,000 words of top-notch, plain-english reporting… –NCQG –Stocktake –Article6 –China +Much more …delivered in record time after a brutal fortnight of sleep deprivation! www.carbonbrief.org/...

317341

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 07/12/2024

Absolutely, @antoine-oger.bsky.social. Can’t wait to dive into the full text. While many have zeroed in on the option of making the PA an 'essential element,' I’d argue the TSD obligation to effectively implement it is just as, if not more, crucial for upholding the PA.

010

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 07/12/2024

(4/4) These benefits stem from the phasing to "effectively" implement + a more adversarial dispute settlement process 🌍⚖️ 💡The big question: Will non-compliance be handled by the intergovernmental Committee or state-to-state dispute settlement? The latter could be a game-changer for enforcement!

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 07/12/2024

(3/4) The obligation to effectively implement the #ParisAgreement matters: 1️⃣ Raises the economic costs of withdrawal 2️⃣ Reinforces procedural obligations 3️⃣ Bolsters the expectation of progressively more ambitious climate pledges 4️⃣ Strengthens ‘best efforts’ expectation for domestic implementation

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 07/12/2024

(2/4) We argue that making the #ParisAgreement an "essential element" offers limited value for maintaining or boosting climate ambition. Instead, it may serve as an emergency brake when all else fails, although previous cases of human rights breaches offer little hope for it ever being used.

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 07/12/2024

(1/4) According to the 🇪🇺@ec.europa.eu, the deal makes the Paris Agreement on Climate Change an “essential element” of the agreement, which means that a party can suspend the agreement if it considers that there is a serious breach of the Paris Agreement or if a party leaves the Paris Agreement. 🚪

000

Caroline Bertram @carolinebertram.bsky.social · 07/12/2024

🌎🌡️ Big news: The EU-Mercosur trade agreement was finalised yesterday—despite pushback from member states and environmentalists 🌱 @herminevc.bsky.social & I have just published research on the legally binding commitment to effectively implement the Paris Agreement present herein (1/4) 👇

642

Reposted by Caroline Bertram

Rosie Collington @rosiecollington.bsky.social · 05/12/2024

Really an amazing gang of climate & ecological crisis political economists across Øresund - feat. @jptilsted.bsky.social @carolinebertram.bsky.social @oskarwoodhansen.bsky.social @voldsgaard.bsky.social @jonasalgers.bsky.social @lbogner.bsky.social Cornel Ban, Søren Lund Frandsen, Caroline Ahler +++

181