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Carlos Diaz Ruiz

@carlosdiazruiz.com
5.2K followers 377 following 575 posts

Associate Professor at Hanken in Finland. I write about the consumer culture and advertising markets that allow disinformation to thrive on social media. Author of the book "Market-Oriented Disinformation Research." www.carlosdiazruiz.com

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Reposted by Carlos Diaz Ruiz
Hanken School of Economics @hankenofficial.bsky.social · 18/09/2026
"Unlike online ads, which generally appear alongside information as banners or sponsored links, AI advertising is being integrated into the conversation itself, potentially changing the answers you receive." @carlosdiazruiz.com theconversation.com/advertising-...
theconversation.com
Advertising is coming to AI chatbots — and it could influence the answers you get
AI companies are turning to advertising to fund expensive systems. But commercial incentives could influence how answers are generated.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 17/09/2026
AI advertising is being integrated into your AI chats, potentially influencing the entire conversation. AI companies promise that advertising revenue will not influence the substance of their answers... for now. theconversation.com/advertising-...
theconversation.com
Advertising is coming to AI chatbots — and it could influence the answers you get
AI companies are turning to advertising to fund expensive systems. But commercial incentives could influence how answers are generated.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 13/08/2026
The entire thread is really worth reading to understand multiple contrasting positions on AI. My favorite part is about how the performativity of predictions leads to blandness and sameness.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 12/08/2026
What happens when advertisers steer AI conversations? Whereas search engines provided links, allowing users to compare sources, AI provides a synthesized answer. Advertisers could potentially pay to influence the answer itself. www.carlosdiazruiz.com/blog/the-zer...
carlosdiazruiz.com
The Perils of the “zero click” Internet: How Advertising in AI Models Threatens Free Markets and Free Speech — Dr. Diaz Ruiz
What happens when advertising no longer directs traffic to a website, but becomes part of the answer itself? The rise of AI-powered zero-click environments create avenues for advertisers to influence ...
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 26/05/2026
I spoke with Aurélia Abdelbost at France 24 about the economic dimension of disinformation: incendiary content is the predictable outcome of a market system that optimizes for engagement. www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9co-...
france24.com
Derrière les fake news aux millions de vues, un marché lucratif
Le débat public est parfois perturbé par des fausses informations diffusées sur les réseaux sociaux et qui prennent une ampleur considérable. Derrière ces contenus sensationnalistes se cachent réguliè...
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 05/05/2026
💡Everything you wanted to know about social media echo chambers, but were afraid to ask. Echo chambers are socio-technical engagement machines: provocative content ignites reactions, platforms/bots amplify them, and institutions stabilize the narrative for offline publics. doi.org/10.1177/1461...
doi.org
Echo chamber dynamics on social media - Carlos Diaz Ruiz, 2026
Research on echo chambers has produced mixed support for the “echo chamber hypothesis,” partly because this complex phenomenon cannot be reduced to a single tes...
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 04/05/2026
🧵🧵Thread ahead 🧵🧵 “We're waging a 21st-century information warfare campaign against the left (…) Someone says something on social media, Musk retweets it, Rogan podcasts it, Fox broadcasts it, and by the time it reaches everybody, millions of people have seen it.” www.foxnews.com/video/636897...
foxnews.com
We're waging a 21st century 'information war' against the left: Watters | Fox News Video
‘The Five’ co-hosts discuss how the left is continuing to protest Elon Musk’s DOGE cuts nationwide.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 21/04/2026
@theonion.com owns InfoWars, and I look forward to the perfect illustration of my work: disinformation meets online advertising and influencers. I love their quote (in the following post)
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 08/04/2026
'A whole civilization will die tonight.' (Trump) Not even Hitler said that. I, for one, will never forget this one and will remember that Americans voted for this twice.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 26/03/2026
CNN: Meta & YouTube liable for social media addiction: Jury A new legal fact is that a jury found that these companies are responsible for making children addicted to their platforms. Yes, I know I am linking to the YouTube version. www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwPb...
youtube.com
Meta & YouTube liable for social media addiction: Jury
YouTube video by CNN
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 26/03/2026
Oh, @theonion.com . I am so glad you are back. www.youtube.com/watch?v=d1Pz...
youtube.com
Epidemiologists Confirm First Airborne Transmission Of Mar-A-Lago Face
YouTube video by The Onion
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 19/03/2026
Yep, this adds up.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 09/03/2026
Last week, I spoke at a webinar on "Market-Oriented Disinformation and the Threat of Agentic Disinformation." It is about the emerging threat of agentic disinformation, including the risk of embedding current digital advertising (mal)practices in AI environments. www.iseas.edu.sg/media/event-...
Clockwise from top left: Dr Maria Monica Wihardja, Dr Carlos Diaz Ruiz, and Mr Beltsazar Krisetya. (Credit: ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute)
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 02/03/2026
The business model of enshitiffication: Offer a good service, make people dependent on it, and then make it shitty. As told with fantastic Norwegian humour www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4Up...
youtube.com
A Day in the Life of an Ensh*ttificator
YouTube video by Forbrukerrådet - Norwegian Consumer Council
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 20/02/2026
Last week, I spoke at the event «Ignoring Antagonistic Information Threats: Cost and Evidence from Ukraine» at @sthlmschoolofecon.bsky.social. It focused on the Ukrainian experience in addressing disinformation and influence operations.
Carlos Diaz Ruiz speaks at an event at Stockholm School of EconomicsKeynote speakers at the event
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 30/01/2026
This song captures the soul of the version of America I have admired since I was a child. It is still out there, and this one touches its core. www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z-Av...
youtube.com
Streets of Minneapolis
YouTube video by Bruce Springsteen - Topic
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 26/01/2026
I will be speaking at a forum on disinformation and influence operations in the creator economy. The event will be hosted by the Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics and the Center for Statecraft and Strategic Communication at the Stockholm School of Economics. www.hhs.se/en/about-us/...
hhs.se
Ignoring antagonistic information threats: Costs and evidence from Ukraine
As democracies worldwide face mounting disinformation, influence operations, and hybrid threats, Ukraine’s experience offers an evidence base for understanding the consequences of underestimating - or ignoring - antagonistic information aggression. This high-level expert event brings together Ukrainian and international specialists to unpack the economic, political, and societal costs of these threats, and to discuss what Europe must learn from Ukraine’s decade on the front lines.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 26/01/2026
Attacks by Proud Boys, Oath Keepers, and Boogaloo Bois are down 100%. Meanwhile, attacks by ICE goons are up 100% Noone will ever know why.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 21/01/2026
I almost forgot what a good speech looks like. Canada’s Prime Minister Mark Carney delivered an impactful speech at the WEF. "You cannot 'live within the lie' of mutual benefit through integration when integration becomes the source of your subordination." www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTvF...
youtube.com
FULL SPEECH: Canada’s PM Carney Says US-Led World Order Is Breaking at World Economic Forum | AC1G
YouTube video by DRM News
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 16/01/2026
This is not pathetic if you really think about it. Yes, the grovelling appears, at first, a cringe-worthy effort to become the president of a colonial vassal state, but in reality, she got a bag of MAGA memorabilia. I am sure the red hat is totally worth it. edition.cnn.com/2026/01/15/a...
edition.cnn.com
Venezuela’s Machado gave Trump her Nobel prize. In return she received a swag bag but no promise of support | CNN
When Venezuela’s opposition leader María Corina Machado walked into the White House on Thursday, she came bearing the gift US President Donald Trump has long coveted: a Nobel Peace Prize.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 16/01/2026
And me, thinking all this time that conservatives loathe participation trophies. They used to say participation trophies were too woke because they undermine meritocracy and foster an Entitled Mindset. #participation_trophies
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 09/01/2026
Less than 24 hours ago, the Trump administration framed a US citizen, a mother, as a terrorist who deserved to die in the hands of ICE. Today, he announced a land intervention in Mexico, and everyone who will die as a result will be presented as a narco-terrorist. time.com/7344918/trum...
time.com
Trump Says U.S. to Start ‘Hitting Land’ in Military Campaign Against Cartels
Speaking to Fox News’ Sean Hannity on Thursday, the President threatened land strikes, naming Mexico as a potential target, without elaboration.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 08/01/2026
Turns out De Gaulle was right.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 03/01/2026
So, how is the US act of aggression against Venezuela any different from what Russia did in 2022?
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 19/12/2025
Mr Brooks, maybe next time, disclose your links to Epstein before calling it a hoax? Even if Brooks attended only a few events, his failure to disclose his ties to Epstein constitutes a massive conflict of interest. He should not be a columnist at @nytimes.com www.nytimes.com/2025/11/21/o...
nytimes.com
Opinion | The Epstein Story? Count Me Out.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 08/12/2025
There is a reason for Trump's & Co. disdain for Europe, and it is precisely the same that explains Putin and Xi's disdain for Ukraine and Taiwan, respectively. They hold a mirror that says: "We can be successful without you; democracy does not need autocrats." www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025...
theguardian.com
‘Cultivate resistance’: policy paper lays bare Trump support for Europe’s far right
Text signed by president seems to echo ‘great replacement’ theory, saying Europe faces ‘civilisational erasure’
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 05/12/2025
I can’t wait for Trump to pardon him. www.nytimes.com/2025/12/05/n...
nytimes.com
Ex-D.E.A. Agent Charged With Agreeing to Launder Millions for Cartel
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 12/11/2025
15 Billion. Meta made 15 billion dollars through fraudulent ads and scams, and this is just from "ads for scams and banned goods." To date, no one knows how much money they make from Ad Fraud, which includes bots clicking on ads that humans do not see. www.reuters.com/investigatio...
reuters.com
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 31/10/2025
Thanks for preventing brain drain in the Global South, I guess. However, it is fascinating to see the US doing a speed-run to reduce its global dominance. If you were to dismantle the US soft power fast, you could do precisely this (plus ICE and tariffs). www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025...
theguardian.com
DeSantis urges Florida universities to stop hiring foreign visa workers
Governor tells universities to end use of H-1B visas, though legal experts say states lack authority over federal program
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 22/10/2025
I am delighted to find that my paper is the "most read" at the Journal of Marketing Management. "Disinformation and fake news as externalities of digital advertising: a close reading of sociotechnical imaginaries in programmatic advertising" by Carlos Diaz Ruiz. It is Open Access, so go ahead!
Screenshot of the "most read" papers at the Journal of Marketing Management. The top paper is "Disinformation and fake news as externalities of digital advertising: a close reading of sociotechnical imaginaries in programmatic advertising" by Carlos Diaz Ruiz.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 14/10/2025
Did you know that Google removed its entire ad library of political advertising from 27 countries (7 years), just so that it would not need to comply with the European Union's regulation on transparency of political advertising? www.404media.co/google-ad-tr...
404media.co
Google Just Removed Seven Years of Political Advertising History from 27 Countries
Ahead of the European Union's Regulation on Transparency and Targeting of Political Advertising, Google's Ad Transparency Center no longer shows political ads from any countries in the EU.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 14/10/2025
#CallsForPapers Special Issue on "The Disinformation Economy: Digital Markets of Influence, Conflict and Polarization." @jmmnews.bsky.social Guest Editors: Carlos Diaz Ruiz, Sofia Ulver, & James Pamment. #disinformation #fakenews #misinformation #adtech www.jmmnews.com/disinformati...
jmmnews.com
The Disinformation Economy - Journal of Marketing Management
JMM Special Issue: The Disinformation Economy: Digital Markets of Influence, Conflict, and Polarization. Guest Editors: Carlos Diaz Ruiz, Sofia Ulver & James Pamment
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 10/10/2025
Nobel Peace Prize 2025: Maria Corina Machado "Democracy is a precondition for lasting peace. However, we live in a world where democracy is in retreat, where more and more authoritarian regimes are challenging norms and resorting to violence." www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace...
nobelprize.org
Nobel Peace Prize 2025
The Nobel Peace Prize 2025 was awarded to Maria Corina Machado "for her tireless work promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela and for her struggle to achieve a just and peaceful transi...
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 03/10/2025
Your ads are funding this. Dear marketers and advertisers, every time you use your budgets to Google, Meta, TikTok, et al., you do not know and cannot know if your ads are funding this horrific content. It is not just TikTok. See below www.theguardian.com/technology/2...
theguardian.com
TikTok ‘directs child accounts to pornographic content within a few clicks’
Despite platform’s limits on adult content, study finds it not only accessible but often suggested
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 02/10/2025
When I was a child, I was torn between becoming a pirate or a protector of wildlife. Pirates had ships, but animal protectors had Jane Goodall. I learned about her work after watching "Gorillas in the Mist," which blew my mind. Today, I learned that the legend Jane Goodall passed away. RIP
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 02/10/2025
Authoritarianism is boring. My American friends believe that dictatorships are dramatic with public executions and whatnot. Unlike the movies, dictatorships are unexciting. Life goes on: people get groceries and struggle with bills, as usual. Losing agency in your own society is mostly boring.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 30/09/2025
They claim that non-human objects have agency (when convenient). ✔️Vaccines cause autism ✔️Tylenol causes damage to pregnant women ✔️Video games radicalize children But do guns harm people and cause mass shootings? ❌ No, of course not, silly. People kill people; guns are objects and cannot act.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 25/09/2025
The weather may be grey and the food bland, but being an academic in the Nordic countries is an immense privilege. This is a statement of Nordic universities on academic freedom, to which I wholeheartedly subscribe. www.hanken.fi/en/news/nord...
hanken.fi
Nordic universities: Statement on academic freedom and university autonomy
Academic freedom is the cornerstone of higher education and research. It encompasses the right of scholars to pursue truth and knowledge without undue interference, to teach and discuss ideas freely, ...
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 25/09/2025
A breath of fresh air. The Finnish President, Alexander Stubb, delivered a significant speech at the UN on how small countries can have agency and power in a multipolar world. Principles should come first; otherwise, pursuing interests without values will lead to war. youtu.be/NLzUhjf7XQU?...
youtu.be
🇫🇮 Finland - President Addresses United Nations General Debate, 80th Session | #UNGA
YouTube video by United Nations
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Reposted by Carlos Diaz Ruiz
Claes de Vreese @claesdevreese.bsky.social · 22/09/2025
Paying for posts on Facebook and TikTok, sharing disinformation, manufacturing polls, preparing for question election integrity. The Moldova elections on September 28 are targeted for interference. www.bbc.com/news/article...
bbc.com
How Russian-funded fake news network aims to disrupt European election - BBC investigation
An undercover reporter discovers a network is offering to pay for social media posts undermining Moldova’s ruling party.
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Reposted by Carlos Diaz Ruiz
Prof Ian Hall @ianhall.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
Truth discernment may not help to overcome misinformation (climate change) …unfortunately just because people can tell truth from lies doesn’t mean they act on it www.nature.com/articles/s41...
nature.com
Truth discernment may not help to overcome misinformation - Nature Climate Change
Scientists increasingly assess interventions against misinformation mainly via truth discernment. However, pursuing truth discernment may not be sufficiently beneficial to society if interventions do ...
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 02/09/2025
I had the honor of speaking at a security conference about social resilience to disinformation. It explored the dynamics of social media echo chambers, their polarizing effects, and their monetization through digital advertising. The event was hosted by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Carlos Diaz RuizCarlos Diaz Ruiz. Book cover of "Market-Oriented Disinformation Research"
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 27/08/2025
In Singapore, presenting at the CENS Workshop on “Addressing the Complexities of Hybrid Threats: Safeguarding Against Evolving Risks and Building Sustainable Resilience” organized by RSIS at Nanyang Technological University. The topic: social media echo chambers rsis.edu.sg/event/cens-w...
rsis.edu.sg
S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS)
Seminar Abstract National security faces growing challenges from hybrid threats, which combine traditional and unconventional methods deployed by both state and non-state actors to exploit vulnerabili...
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 19/08/2025
Do you want to strengthen social resilience against the spread of disinformation online? We have the most incredible gig: a 4-year postdoctoral research position focusing on topics like digital literacy, fact-checking, and hybrid threats. Apply! (also repost) hanken.rekrytointi.com/paikat/index...
hanken.rekrytointi.com
Postdoctoral Researcher in Social Resilience to Disinformation / Postdoktoral forskare inom social resiliens mot desinformation
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 17/08/2025
I will be presenting my award-winning paper on "Disinformation and Echo Chambers," recipient of the 2025 Kinnear/JPPM award, during a virtual session at the American Marketing Academy (AMA). If you are attending, join me on August 18, 10 am US-CT, Virtual Room 5. whova.com/portal/webap...
whova.com
2025 Summer Academic Conference Whova Web Portal
August 18 – 24, 2025, Chicago, IL
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 12/08/2025
Read my blog post on the disinformation economy. It argues that disinformation, fake news, and conspiracy theories are amplified due to market incentives and business practices, particularly within digital advertising ecosystems. It It is published by @edmo-eu.bsky.social. edmo.eu/blog/what-is...
edmo.eu
What is the Disinformation Economy? (And how to counter it) – EDMO
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 12/08/2025
One of the problems of using the term "conspiracy theory" to ridicule Internet nonsense is that conspiracies do exist. People in power can agree with each other to commit or cover up illegal acts to remain in power. Like, I do not know, the Epstein files.
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Carlos Diaz Ruiz @carlosdiazruiz.com · 01/08/2025
We must be very careful when passing counter-disinformation legislation so that it protects democratic freedoms. The autocrats of the world have used anti-disinformation laws to steamroll opposition and dissent to preserve their power.
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Reposted by Carlos Diaz Ruiz
Claes de Vreese @claesdevreese.bsky.social · 14/07/2025
The discussions about big platforms are intense. The systemic risks are real. Now the #DSA Delegated Act is finally here to ensure data access for researchers. Time to put this system to work. W @lkseiling.bsky.social, we show how @techpolicypress.bsky.social www.techpolicy.press/time-to-deli...
techpolicy.press
Time To Deliver: Stakeholder Roles In The EU’s Delegated Act On Data Access | TechPolicy.Press
The Delegated Act on data access under the DSA provides much-needed clarity about both the access process and expectations towards the actors involved in it.
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Reposted by Carlos Diaz Ruiz
Journal of Marketing Management @jmmnews.bsky.social · 14/07/2025
Open Access Article: On mapping a marketing monstrosity: Barbie, Barbara and the reorientation of literary criticism, by Rachel Ashman, Stephen Brown & Anthony Patterson www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
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