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ME/CFS Science @mecfsscience.org · 08/06/2026

3) One paper concluded for example "MMPs are released by platelets or leukocytes during platelet activation or sampling process, thus leading to artificially higher MMP-9 levels in serum..."

sciencedirect.com

Rapid separation of serum does not avoid artificially higher matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 levels in serum versus plasma

To examine whether the time between blood drawing and centrifugation (TBDC) affects the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-2 levels in…

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ME/CFS Science @mecfsscience.org · 08/06/2026

4) The samples of ME/CFS patients and controls in this study were also handled and collected very differently. Patients were recruited at the University of Miami while the control samples were taken from an external biobank (bioBioIvt Elevating Science).

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ME/CFS Science @mecfsscience.org · 08/06/2026

5) The authors note that "the samples had been stored for over ten years at -80 °C, which may have altered the fragmentation of certain biomarkers."

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