2) MMP-9 was measured in serum (not in plasma) and there's a literature explaining why this isn't a reliable method. MMP-9 is released during the sampling and clotting proces used to make serum.
Links:
www.nature.com/artic...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...
nature.com
Is serum matrix metalloproteinase 9 a useful biomarker in detection of colorectal cancer? Considering pre-analytical interference that may influence diagnostic accuracy
British Journal of Cancer - Is serum matrix metalloproteinase 9 a useful biomarker in detection of colorectal cancer? Considering pre-analytical interference that may influence diagnostic accuracy