T-2 toxin is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species and can cause disease after contaminated food or feed ingestion. This study aimed to investigate the impact of lycopene (Ly) on syst...

Aphids are one of the important agricultural pests causing substantial yield losses in crops grown across the globe. Aphids are known to cause direct feeding damages and indirect losses due to sooty m...

Heat stress (HS) has emerged as a significant environmental factor affecting plant growth and agricultural productivity. Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a crucial co-transcriptional process that ...

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Acer truncatum leaf extract (ATLE) to mitigate oxidative-stress–induced impairment of reproductive function in laying hens, with a focus on mechanisms inv...

Soil Cd2+ pollution threatens agricultural safety. Branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism is involved in stress responses, but its role in cotton Cd2+ tolerance remains unclear. Here, 16 GhBCAT g...

Modern pig farming practices, characterized by highly-productive and fast-growing genetics, early weaning, and uncontrolled factors such as heat stress and various nutritional challenges, impose cumul...

Millets are increasingly promoted as climate-resilient nutri-cereals that can stabilize production and support nutritious diets under drought, heat, salinity, and low-input farming. MicroRNAs (miRNAs)...

Ovine species inhabiting harsh environments frequently develop enhanced functional adaptations. This study aims to (1) characterize rumen epithelial modifications in lactating Hulunbeier ewes under al...

Fungi frequently encounter nutrient limitation, osmotic stress, oxidative pressure, light fluctuations, temperature shifts, and host-associated stresses. Rather than responding passively to deteriorat...

Hanseniaspora uvarum is a representative non-Saccharomyces species that plays a significant role in fermentation processes such as winemaking. In recent years, this species has gained attention in foo...

Bicarbonate-dominated alkaline soils represent a major class of salt-affected soils that can severely limit plant growth due to the combined effect of ionic toxicity, osmotic stress, and high pH. Thes...

A recent study in Nature identified the rice (Oryza sativa) nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptor XA48, which recognized the ancient bacterial effector XopG and triggered immu...

Soil salinization is an escalating global threat to crop productivity. Here, we demonstrate that the sorghum bHLH transcription factor SbbHLH168 is a central regulator of salt-stress tolerance. SbbHLH...

Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), primarily raffinose and stachyose, are crucial for plant abiotic stress tolerance. Raffinose is synthesized by RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE (RAFS) from galactinol and s...

The cytoskeleton functions as a dynamic intracellular structural scaffold, enabling cells to rapidly respond to biotic and abiotic stresses. During plant innate immunity, the cytoskeleton undergoes si...

Fusarium pseudograminearum (F. pseudograminearum) is the main causal agent of Fusarium Crown Rot (FCR) posing a severe threat to wheat yield. Effectors, as one class of weapons of phytopathogens, help...

Plant immunity is closely intertwined with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and regulated cell death. Here, we identify the ER-localized cell death regulator Bax Inhibitor-1 (BI-1) as a critical exec...

Heat stress is one of the key factors affecting broiler production. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of chromium propionate (CrP) against heat stress in...

Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis (FOM), is a devastating disease severely impacting global melon (Cucumis melo L.) production. Biocontrol agents such as Trichoderma spec...

Cold-pretreatment (stratification) is widely employed to overcome seed dormancy and enhance germination, however, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. We tested the hypothesis that stra...

Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease of small grain cereals like wheat and barley, causing substantial yield and quality losses each year worldwide. FHB is caused by Fusarium spe...

Cross-compartment communication is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis, which is essential for cell function and survival under stressful conditions. However, the cellular cues that trigger ...

Plant viruses pose a serious threat to the production of numerous economically valuable food and fuel crops worldwide. Exploring protein interaction networks between viruses and their hosts offers vit...

The mitotic exit network (MEN), regulated by the small GTPase Tem1, plays a crucial role in coordinating cytokinesis and cell cycle progression in eukaryotes. In this study, we identified MoTem1, a fu...

Wheat powdery mildew, caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a devastating disease responsible for substantial global yield reductions. Host resistance off...

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development, yet its limited availability in soil severely constrains crop productivity. To cope with phosphate (Pi) deficiency, plant...

Cysteine palmitoylation (S-palmitoylation or S-acylation) is a reversible post-translational modification dynamically controlled by opposing enzymes: palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs) and depalmitoyla...

Penaeid shrimp are economically important in global aquaculture. Rising demand has expanded shrimp farming and supported coastal economies. Low-salinity (hyposalinity) stress is a major constraint tha...

To counteract the reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from host plants, pathogenic fungi employ various strategies to overcome ROS or balance redox homeostasis. Glucose metabolism is vital for fungi...

Plant diseases, caused by various pathogens, pose a serious threat to sustainable agriculture. Plants have evolved a sophisticated immune system to detect and mount effective responses against pathoge...

Heat stress (HS) negatively affects cattle welfare, productivity, and sustainability, with marked differences between heat-tolerant breeds such as Nellore and heat-susceptible breeds such as Angus. In...

Chronic stress in livestock production affects animal welfare and productivity, often leading to aggressive behavior in broiler chickens. We exposed broiler chickens to chronic corticosterone to simul...

Iron is an essential cofactor for core metabolic processes and is critical to both host physiology and invading pathogens. While the competition between host and pathogen for ferric iron [Fe (III)] an...

The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae poses a major threat to global rice production. In this study, we characterized MoNeo1, a P4-ATPase flippase, as a key regulator of fungal development and path...

Aquaporins (AQPs) are channel proteins belonging to the major intrinsic protein (MIP) superfamily that mediate the transport of water and other small uncharged molecules across biological membranes. T...

Fusarium graminearum is a devastating plant pathogenic fungus that is the predominant causal agent of Fusarium head blight. Our previous study showed that the polarisome core component FgPea2 regulate...

Dopamine (DA) is a catecholamine that plays a role in both animals and plants. Popularly known as a neurotransmitter hormone in animals involved in motor control and reward sensing, it also has a defe...

The commercial cultivation of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is increasingly challenged by biotic stresses such as plant pathogens and insect pests, while climate change exacerbates abiotic stresses...

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) accumulates in host plants following infection by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), the causal agent of cruciferous black rot. How exposure to IAA affects the inv...

Tardigrades, known for their extraordinary resilience to extreme environmental conditions, employ specialized stress-response proteins to maintain cellular integrity under stress. These proteins, incl...

Stress Biology -

Metal(loid) stress is one of the key constraints limiting plant growth and productivity, thus threatening agricultural yields and ecosystem health. This review elaborates on the mechanisms through whi...

Natural rubber is a crucial industrial raw material globally, with wide applications in industries such as automotive and healthcare. Application of ethylene promotes latex production in the Hevea rub...

The plant cell wall provides structural support and serves as a barrier against pathogen invasion. Rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV) infection suppresses genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis, but the...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a key gaseous signaling molecule involved in plant growth and stress responses, yet its role in wheat resistance to stripe rust remains poorly understood. Here, we show that ...

The allotetraploid crop quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) accumulates red/violet betacyanins, which function as vital stress-mitigating antioxidants. We investigated the genetic basis of red/green variegati...

Fusarium graminearum, the causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB), poses a major threat to global food security by contaminating cereals with the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON). Although transcript...

Verticillium wilt, caused by the soilborne fungus Verticillium dahliae, has resulted in high mortality of Cotinus coggygria (smoke tree) in China. Symptoms of this disease are complex, many infected s...

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a semi-domesticated halophyte originating in the Andean region, has emerged as a promising crop for exploiting marginal lands, valued for its exceptional nutritiona...

Sphingolipids are not only essential structural components of cellular membranes but also key signaling molecules that regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, their specific...