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Steve Haddock

@stevehaddock.bsky.social
2.1K followers 283 following 264 posts

Marine biology, ctenophores, bioluminescence, deep-sea, genomics, computing for biologists. The Radiant Sea. Photo book. Cello? Views my own. bit.ly/arms-deep bit.ly/radsea

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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 08/10/2026
I always say GoC, but as long as you don’t call it the Western Gulf of America I’m good with it. I’d never heard Vermillion Sea but I see it on this map from 1656..! img.travesiasdigital.com/2020/08/mapa...
Old map of Mexico showing Baja California as an island.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 25/09/2026
Obsoleting my previous post..! Custom sequence logo generation for proteins is now avaiable through a browser interface, with a dark theme option for your conference presentations. 🧪 beroe.github.io/sequence-log...
preview of the web page for sequence-logo generation.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 25/09/2026
I have never liked the style of these protein sequence logos, so I subdued the colors and had Claude make a custom version that can use any typeface. Small details: it does not fatten sans serif 'I' characters and puts a tiny gap between letters. All user configurable. 🧪 github.com/beroe/sequen...
Colored images of letters on a white background. The letters are derived from an amino acid sequence alignment, and their height represents their frequency in the sequence. Generated by the seqlogo.py script linked from the repo in the main text.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 17/08/2026
You know that feeling when you’re chasing a dream you’ve had for 20 years, and …. you get stung in the face by a Portuguese man o’war? Same. 🦑🌊🧪
Moon and  emus shining above a dark cloud.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 31/03/2026
Don't jump on me for this, but ... from the "waist" up, it is a good match for a polycystine radiolarian (e.g.,Collozoum). They can have capsules at the bulbous end, and sometimes the other end collapses to form "tentacles". I'm sure you see rads all the time though..?
Three examples of radiolaria found in shallow tropical waters. The one on the left has a central capsule and multicolored "tentacles"; the one in the middle is a long tube, and the one on the right is a cloud around a central capsule.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 26/03/2026
Just when you thought one couldn't revolutionize typography, Riley and the Lettermatic team blow your mind! Nearly 750,000 glyphs! But my favorite is Texture Healing. Check it out!
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 26/03/2026
There are mysteries just below the surface there. :^) I would have been so excited as a kid to come across your team doing surveys! I
Picture of a spooky looking underwater channel, and a diagram from a manuscript about limpets that live in air pockets far below the surface.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 25/02/2026
San Francisco-area fans of ocean animals and flashy colors. 🦑🌊🧪 I'll be giving a presentation about our book The Radiant Sea at 1 pm on Saturday Feb 28 at the Book Passage shop in Corte Madera. (Preposition overload!) Swing by and say Hi. www.bookpassage.com/event/steven...
Brittle star with green fluorescent armtip on black background.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 23/02/2026
Calling all #ctenophore researchers and artists! Joe Ryan is organizing the Ctenopalooza Ctwo meeting, which we will host at MBARI in California August 23-25. 🦑🧪🌊 www.mbari.org/event/ctenop... Come swap notes with fellow enthusiasts about the latest news in comb jellies.
A photo of a large red comb jelly on a black background.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 22/01/2026
Gigantocypris is always a crowd-pleaser, but I have never seen those black amphipods! (Get your student a little glass photo tank?)
Orange+pink colored ostracod Gigantocypris, with pink eggs inside its carapace and large forward-facing reflectors. Diameter about 2cm. From The Radiant Sea. S.Haddock•MBARI.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 07/01/2026
This is a limited, regionally relevant post, but… I’ll be giving a talk at the Sanctuary Exploration Center in Santa Cruz on Friday Jan 16th. Come say hi if you’re in town. 🦑🧪 (I’m presenting in San Francisco in early Feb as well)
Poster showing details for a talk entitled The Radiant Sea, Unveiled.  To be held at 6pm on Friday January 16th at 35 Pacific Ave in Santa Cruz, CA
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 16/12/2025
A survey for Ctenophore Ctuesday: * What way is this comb jelly swimming? Up or Down? 🧪🦑🤷‍♂️🌊🤿
A pinkish, translucent, roughly bell-shaped jelly on a black background. Iridescent and red vertical stripe run down its tapered body. The top comes to a point, and the bottom is slightly flared. Upon close inspection, you can see little grape-like clusters of gonads next to the vertical stripes, which are the comb rows and main canals. 

This [relatively] massive Beroe was observed on a blue-water scuba dive off California. It is 18cm (7 inches) long. Photo: S.Haddock ©MBARI 2025

Fun faCT: If you look closely, you can see the reproductive cells on both sides of the canals. Viewed from the end, rather than the side, the female eggs develop next to the major body axis (like North, S, E, W), and male cells develop on the sides of the canal that are 45° off from the axes (NorthEast, SE, SW, NW). So here you can see 2 sets of eggs, and 4 sets of male gonads.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 10/12/2025
OK, this is wild! Smithsonian Magazine included The Radiant Sea in their Best Photography Books of 2025! 😲 From the start, our goal was to entice people with pretty pictures, and then sneak in the science, so to have both appreciated is a complete thrill. 🦑🧪📸 Not bad for a couple biologists :^)
Screen shot of the Smithsonian Magazine web page showing the covers of 10 photography books, one of which is our book The Radiant Sea.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 24/11/2025
Our book The Radiant Sea was chosen as one of five "Must Buy" science books by the Wall Street Journal! :^D I don't like to promote Am@z0n, but... it is on sale there for super cheap right now too. Image below showing fluorescence of one of the animals featured in the book. 🦑🧪🌊
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 20/10/2025
Let's do another #ctenophore survey. You are scuba divining and see this lobate comb jelly cruising in search of prey. Is it swimming to the LEFT or RIGHT? 🦑🧪🌊
Bolinopsis microptera comb jelly (ctenophore) swimming horizonally.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 11/10/2025
I found your book displayed *directly* in front of our book at the local shop..! Naturally I had to buy a copy to reduce the height of the obstruction 😉
Photo of a stack of purple books in front of a large black book.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 10/10/2025
Apologies that I'm going to be all about THE RADIANT SEA for the foreseeable future, but .... 😉 Our book has been released in the U.K. now and should be available at your local bookshops! 🦑🧪 (with @sonkejo.bsky.social)
Panel of photos. At left the cover with a squid embracing the text The Radiant Sea, and examples from the pigments, bioluminescence, fluorescence, and iridescence sections.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 04/10/2025
For CTENOPHORE DAY, a little survey: Which end of this fishing Pleurobrachia is the mouth on? Please just "vote" in the comments — no definitive answers. 🦑🧪🌊 P.S. this is one of my earliest #ctenophore photos, shot on film in a home-built kreisel. P.P.S. Legit data-gathering for a future paper.
A spherical comb jelly floating against a dark background, with its tentacles deployed, tentilla (side branches) fanned out. There is a number 1 above the body and number 2 below the body. Photo by S. Haddock taken around 1990.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 01/10/2025
Not to hijack this thread, but our book The Radiant Sea includes 35 pages of fluorescent animals (and humans.. and asparagus). Here is a young strawberry squid showing green fluorescence in the eyes and red fluorescent caps on its photophores. 🦑🧪🌊
Juvenile Histioteuthis squid, illuminated by blue light and photographed through a yellow blue-blocking filter. Red dots are photophores, and green sphere is the lens of its enlarged eye. Photo: S. Haddock • MBARI
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
It is great to see Mackenzie Gerringer's taxonomic work, describing a fish we collected from 3800 meters, featured in the @nytimes.com. We tried to spin this story to combat the blobfish's "ugliest creature" reputation, to get people excited by deep-sea exploration, not turned away. 🧪🦑
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 07/09/2025
My first sighting of The Radiant Sea in the wild, at our local bookshop. If you have any “encounters” I would love to see them. 🙃 #booksky
Picture of several piles of books including The Radiant Sea, looking shiny.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 29/08/2025
Thanks to your incredible support, THE RADIANT SEA is already the top-selling new release in... Entomology? There are going to be some disappointed bug-huggers out there (looking at you @franzanth.bsky.social). 😉 I am hopeful they will warm up to pictures of ocean bugs like Cystisoma.
Top view of the large hyperiid amphipod Cystisoma, showing the mosaic of orange pigmentation in its eyes. 
Photo by S. Haddock from the book The Radiant Sea.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 28/08/2025
Our science photo book The Radiant Sea is out Sept 2nd!! 30 years of research, 10 years of "we should", and a year of collating pix and writing. Sönke and I show (mostly for the first time) images of how organisms produce, use, and interact with light in the sea. #bioluminescence #fluorescence 🦑🧪🌊
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 13/08/2025
It seems like a bad sign that WaPo used a European hurricane prediction in their article instead of a NOAA forecast. US science is doomed. ⛈️
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 16/07/2025
This was super interesting and somewhat fit with expectations [unfortunately?] but ... as a Richard Scarry aficionado, I am curious about the dataset; there are only two male animals listed for What Do People Do All Day? The schoolteacher is a female bear, Huckle's mom has her own story, etc
screenshot from the pudding article showing the search results of characters from What Do People Do All Day? Out of dozens of animal characters, the results show just a male fox and male cat.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 11/07/2025
Come out and say Hi at MBARI’s open house Saturday the 12th from noon to 5. This is the one day a year that we are open to the public. We will have a biooptics and plankton booth set up!
Iridescence of the ctenophore Beroe
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 11/06/2025
I am used to photographing #ctenophores in darkfield, but under those conditions it is hard to see the pigment spots on this little (5mm) specimen. Fun to see the patterns that show up when viewed against a white background. 🧪🦑🌊
Two pictures of a ctenophore in the genus Callianira, collected during blue-water scuba dives off the coast of Hawaii. The figure on the left is a rather poor photo, in an aboral view, against a black background. 
The photo on the right is a lateral view on a white background. The ctenophore is shaped like an arrowhead, and in the white-background view you can see that it is covered with small reddish-brown speckles.  Larger spots cover the body, and small spots are arranged in rows parallel to the base of each comb plate. One tentacle is extended showing the pink-pigmented tentilla.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 25/04/2025
This was unexpected..! I snuck a copy of The Cartoonist Club by @scottmccloud.bsky.social into our kid’s reading pile. He’s always saying “I can’t draw,. I’m not creative.” Well, this morning at school I saw this poster and said “Hey look”. He said “Yeah, me and Ollie are starting that” (!)
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 05/04/2025
It’s hard to beat field work in Hawaii with @cadurkin.bsky.social @lenaunderwater.bsky.social and others of the @mbarinews.bsky.social team..! We are using blue-water scuba diving to study #ctenophores, siphonophores, radiolarians, and #bioluminescence. 🦑🌊🧪🤿
Two divers hover below a boat in the open ocean 4 miles off the coast of Hawaii. Crissy Huffard from Colleen Durkin’s lab is “flying” plankton into the view of their special ISIIS camera.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 28/03/2025
It's a challenging time to be looking for a science job. How about a fully funded postdoc, in an exciting field, working with a pioneer in the field of biooptics?? 🧪
Graph of fluorescence spectrum of a cloned fluorescent protein, maturing from green to red over time.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 20/03/2025
They are super cute. These were living in about 5 inches of water in a Hawaiian tide pool.
An assemblage of shingle urchins, looking like purple muppets, taken by lowering my camera into a tidepool on the Big Island of Hawaii.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 14/03/2025
Given present knowledge, you will have to look to the dragonfishes for red luminescence, although they have an accessory fluorescent pigment to lengthen the emission wavelength…
Drawing of the head of the dragonfish Aristostomias, showing the red-emitting photophore under the eye.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 11/03/2025
A fun case of usual-unusual: Most luminescence in the sea is blue-green, but Tomopteris worms emit yellow light. With Warren Francis, we found a species that emits blue light — unusual but usual. 🦑🧪 link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00227-016-3028-2 doi.org/10.1002/bio.2671
Three panels: On top is a face on view of a large Tomopteris polychaete, with orange pigment spots along its long anterior antennae. Lower left shows the yellow bioluminescent emission typical of the genus Tomopteris.  Lower right shows the blue bioluminescent emission of a Tomopteris species. This color is typical for marine animals, but atypical for Tomopteris, which is the odd-species-out for luminescent emission spectra. 
Blue-emitting Tomopteris were independently discovered by our lab in the Pacific and by Anaïd Gouveneaux working in Jerôme Mallefet's lab in Belgium. 
Warren determined that the chemical which gives the yellow color seems to be aloe-emodin, but the function of using yellow light rather than blue remains unknown.  See the two manuscripts linked in the main text, and references therein, for more detailed info.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 05/03/2025
Pausing to adjust my mask during last year's blue-water expedition off Hawaii. 😉 Photo by Natalia Llopis. 🌊🧪🦑
Diver wearing bright green and blue DuckFeet fins, entering the water off the side of a dive boat on an overcast day.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 13/02/2025
One fun thing about working on #ctenophores (comb jellies) is that you get to see animals nobody has depicted for more than a century. I haven't found any images of Deiopea from the time between Chun's 1880 drawing and my 1990s photo. Even shallow SCUBA exploration can yield surprises 🌊🦑🧪
Left image is a line drawing of a comb jelly from Carl Chun's 1880 masterpiece based on a specimen from the Mediterranean Sea. On the right is a photo of the same species (or at least the same genus) collected with blue-water scuba diving off the coast of Santa Barbara, CA. The photo shows thin bluish-white canals outlining the body against a black backdrop. The widely spaced comb plates are a diagnostic feature of this lobate ctenophore. 
The image from Chun has been rotated 180° to align with our modern understanding of these animals. Historically, they have been interpreted like medusa jellyfish, with the mouth down, but we know they encounter their environment oral end first.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 09/02/2025
@ferrisjabr.bsky.social Spotted at Cal Academy. 👀
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 31/01/2025
We did a scuba dive today to swap out an instrument on one of our offshore moorings. While clearing off the biofouling, we got biofouled, hood to flipper, by caprellid amphipods (aka headbangers). Here’s my leg after moderate scraping… 🦑🧪🌊
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 30/01/2025
Even on a dive boat, sometimes the most spectacular displays are above water. This was from when @caseywdunn.bsky.social and I were on a small liveaboard off Komodo, Indonesia. I like the offset paths of the double-flash on the right.
Three lightning bolts visible on a black background. The horizon is a bit offset since this was handheld from the deck of a boat.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 18/12/2024
In this #fluorescence picture of a Hercules beetle from Panama, you can see a black spot where the pseudopupil is located, as explained to me by Eric Warrant. #crustmas #hexapodecember
Two photos of a large beetle. The top one was taken in regular white light, and the lower one was photographed with a blue light and yellow filter. In the fluorescence photo, the eyes of the beetle glow with a greenish hue.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 14/12/2024
Nice drawings! You'll have to come to sea with us some day... This was just ten-days-worth of swimming gastropods. 🦑🧪
A collage of pelagic molluscs collected in the Gulf of California.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 11/12/2024
For @jopabinia.bsky.social, here is a bonus image of Nebaliopsis, maximizing the #crustmas cuteness of its beady little eyes. 🌊🧪🦑
White crustacean with two tiny orange eyes swims toward the camera. S.Haddock © MBARI
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 11/12/2024
I'm more of a jellyfish person, but for #crustmas, I can share a couple of my favorite deep-sea crustaceans: Anuropus is an isopod which lives inside the bell of the giant medusa Deepstaria, and Nebaliopsis is a speedy swimmer, seen here brooding its young. 🦑🧪🌊
Orange crustacean poised with its sharp-tipped appendages grasping into space. Photo S. Haddock © MBARIWhite crustacean with its carapace filled with eggs. S. Haddock © MBARI
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 18/11/2024
A couple years old, but unfortunately still relevant: the hidden dangers of deep-sea mining for the ocean. [Free link] Because of sediments, effects will not be limited to neat, square boxes on the seafloor. A treasured collaboration with Dr. Anela Choy. 🦑🧪🌊 www.nytimes.com/2020/08/14/o...
Cartoon of two young people "peeling back the cover" on deep-sea mining operation. The NYT commissioned a nice illustration for us, but I felt compelled to make my own image that had a bit more emotion in it.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 14/11/2024
I think there are hundreds if not more times when swimming has emerged. Even within nudibranchs there is another unrelated lineage (Phylliroe and Cephalopyge) that swims side to side like a fish. They are also independently bioluminescent!
The pelagic nudibranch Phylliroe
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 13/11/2024
Thanks, yeah according to 18S, we had to reposition the node leading to nudibranchs + dorids in order to accommodate Bathydevius.
Molecular tree based on 18S showing the position of Bathydevius (starred) relative to the rest of bioluminescent nudibranchs (blue labels). Intermediate taxon labels have been omitted for clarity.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 13/11/2024
Thanks! We (and the reviewers!) were also expecting it to be close to Melibe, but the genes (and morphology) say this is actually convergence. Fig S12 (which most people will not find) shows Melibe and other unrelated animals which have also evolved a similar feeding strategy.
Examples of benthic (nudibranch, anemone, tunicate) and pelagic (ctenophore, scyphomedusa, doliolid) animals which share the feeding adaptation of engulfing their prey with a flexible cowl.
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 12/11/2024
It only took 20+ years, but the "Mystery Mollusc" paper came out this week. It is a swimming nudibranch that gallops in slow motion through the deep water-column. To top it off, it is bioluminescent, and we were able to film its glow with our special low-light camera.🦑🧪 www.mbari.org/news/mbari-r...
End-on view of the "mystery mollusc" Bathydevius caudactylus, as described in Robison and Haddock (2024).  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104414
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 14/09/2024
Hard to choose just 16 but I feel like Planctoteuthis might have merited at least a wildcard berth… 🦑
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 22/06/2024
I needed a picture of a soap bubble for a project so I followed a tutorial by boxheadmike.com and … 🌈👀
Close up of a soap bubble. 
Photo by S. Haddock
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Steve Haddock @stevehaddock.bsky.social · 30/05/2024
🐌 I guess National Snail Day is a good time to share the overwhelming diversity of •pelagic gastropods• we saw in the Gulf of California, Mexico, last month. We used scuba and trawls on the R/V Sally Ride, supported by NSF grants and expertise of Brad Seibel and Amy Maas. 🦑🧪
Collage of 24 specimens of pelagic gastropods, including heteropods, gymnosome and thecosome pteropods, a pseudothecosome, and a nudibranch.
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