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Soviet Cosmism (The First Transhumanists)
Soviet Cosmism (Biocosmism-Immortalism) was a transhumanist movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. According to Boris Groys, Cosmism followed a radicalized logic of "biopolitics" (Foucault). The biopolitical state used measures such as mass vaccination, public hygiene and eugenics to promote human life. The limit of biopolitics was always the so-called "natural death". The proponents of Soviet Cosmism saw this limit as an insult to humanity. The future Soviet state was to set immortality as its ultimate goal! As colonialism had shown before, biopolitics could also encompass the destruction of life. Soviet Cosmism is not excluded from such killing fantasies, according to which less life for one part of the population means more life for the other. main source: Groys, Boris (Editor); "Russian Cosmism"; MIT Press 2018 other sources: Ilyenkov, Evald, "Cosmology of the Spirit" in: Stasis Vol. 5/2, p. 164-190, 2017 If you want to find out more about Cosmism I recommend you have a look at this website: https://cosmos.art/library Slavoj Zizek on Ilyenkov: https://thephilosophicalsalon.com/evald-ilyenkovs-cosmology-the-point-of-madness-of-dialectical-materialism/ In this lecture Boris Groys talks about Cosmism, Nietzsche, Bataille and the divine machine: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OlH1UPkcMaY&list=WL Timestamps: 0:00 intro (biopolitics) 4:01 Nikolai Fedorov 7:01 Constantin Tsiolkovsky 9:13 Alexander Bogdanov 13:07 Valerien Muravev 16:44 Alexander Chizhevsky 18:21 the Futurists (Kazimir Malevich) 20:00 Evald Ilyenkov 24:35 poem from the intro