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Isaac Samuel

@rhaplord.bsky.social
1.7K followers 129 following 7.6K posts

Finance | History | Trance Patreon patreon.com/isaacsamuel64 Substack www.africanhistoryextra.com

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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 6h
Ivory comb with a horseman in sixteenth-century costume on top Benin city, Nigeria -British Museum
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 7h
copper alloy pendant with ram's head and crotal bells hanging on chains 1400-1700 Owo, Nigeria -British Museum #randomxt
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 7h
Copper alloy inlay of the deity Khnum as a ram wearing the horned sun disc. Napatan period (8th-3rd century BC) Kawa, Sudan. -British Museum #randomxt
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 7h
Ziwa ruins, Passageway and enclosure. zimbabwe #historyxt
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Post Monkey @postmonkey.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
[Monty Python Yorkshireman voice] "Aye, but yoo tell t' Euroopeans of today that they need to do the same an' they doont believe you."
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Reposted by Isaac Samuel
Dani Díaz @diazcarrete.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
"In the mid-11th century, Ghana, Tadmekka, and Gao became the target of the more reformist Almoravid movement"
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
“Pagans,” “Heretics,” and foreign refugees in East Africa during the Middle Ages: Examining the Historical Evidence. www.patreon.com/isaacsamuel6...
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
1,300-year-old Umayyad painting in Jordan depicting the King of Aksum (النجاشي Al-Najāshī ) alongside the rulers of Rome, Persia, & Spain
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
Among the clearest evidence for religious pluralism in medieval Africa comes from Eastern Africa, where African traditional beliefs, Persian Zoroastrianism, and Islamic minority sects coexisted. www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees To Africa During Late Antiquity
Africa was a haven for religious minorities (“heretics”), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
this Patreon article examines the history of these mixed communities of “pagans”, “heretics,” and foreign refugees in Africa from the 8th to the 13th centuries. subscribe ⤵️ www.patreon.com/isaacsamuel6...
patreon.com
“Pagans,” “Heretics,” and foreign refugees in East Africa during the Middle Ages: Examining the Historical Evidence. | Isaac Samuel
During the Middle Ages, East Africa became a refuge for persecuted religious minorities (“heretics”) and foreign refugees, who were accommod
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
Recent discoveries of Zoroastrian constructions in Madagascar and Ibadi mosques along the East African coast provide archaeological evidence for the presence of religious minorities, whose existence has until now been known primarily from written sources. www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees To Africa During Late Antiquity
Africa was a haven for religious minorities (“heretics”), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
Records by visiting Chinese, Arab, and Persian travellers from 700 to 1000 CE describe mixed religious communities; maritime links b'tn Madagascar, the Swahili coast, and Somalia; as well as persecutions in West Asia that forced many into exile in Africa www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees To Africa During Late Antiquity
Africa was a haven for religious minorities (“heretics”), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
Some of the strongest evidence for religious pluralism in medieval Africa comes from East African societies, which harbored religiously diverse populations and refugees from Arabia and the Gulf who fled during periods of political upheaval www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees To Africa During Late Antiquity
Africa was a haven for religious minorities (“heretics”), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
In the mid-11th century, Ghana, Tadmekka, and Gao became the target of the reformist Almoravids While aspects of religious pluralism survived in the former territories of Ghana and Gao up to the late Middle Ages, Ibadism disappeared across West Africa. www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees To Africa During Late Antiquity
Africa was a haven for religious minorities (“heretics”), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
The historical and epigraphic record from medieval Gao and Essouk reveals the religious pluralism of medieval Mali, where “paganism,” “heresy,” and Islamic “orthodoxy” coexisted in the 9th century www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees To Africa During Late Antiquity
Africa was a haven for religious minorities (“heretics”), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.
121
Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
In North-West Africa, the independent Imazighen (Berbers) who were opposed to Umayyad authority and the mainstream Sunni doctrine adopted the “heretical” Ibadi and Sufri sects by 740 CE, which were considered relatively egalitarian. www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees To Africa During Late Antiquity
Africa was a haven for religious minorities (“heretics”), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
In the 7th century, a section of Umayyads known as the Hunayhín was reportedly sent to the medieval Ghana Empire (present-day Southern Mauritania), where they decided to settle and adopt “the religion of the people of Ghana.” www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees To Africa During Late Antiquity
Africa was a haven for religious minorities (“heretics”), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
There's a 5th century roman account that describes the costume of the Aksumite king that may fit the fashion in this image a bit Because it certainly doesn't look like the outfits of the Solomonic period found in the artwork from the time
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
In the 8th century, the Dahlak Islands off the coast of Eritrea were a haven for political exiles, independent merchants, and pirates. www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees To Africa During Late Antiquity
Africa was a haven for religious minorities (“heretics”), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
icymi The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees to Africa During Late Antiquity Arabs at the court of the Ethiopian king, c. 1306⤵️ www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
“Africa was a haven for religious minorities (heretics), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.” www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-migrat...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Migration of “Heretics” and Refugees To Africa During Late Antiquity
Africa was a haven for religious minorities (“heretics”), political exiles, and other refugees from beyond the continent during Late Antiquity.
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
It's not a coincidence that the heartland of the Mali Empire (around Niani in N.E. Guinea) was located in a region close to a literal mountain of iron⤵️ and rivers of gold (Bambuk) www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-gold-t...
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 06/10/2026
You'll never get a good image of what Benin City's moat/walls looked like at their height because Benin (and many historic cities in S.W. Nigeria) were completely transformed between the 16th cent. peak and the 19th-century upheaval All that remains are these low hills
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 06/10/2026
the age of a.i slop is upon us
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 06/10/2026
This “iron mountain” in Guinea holds over 1.5 billion tonnes of high-grade iron ore And like most of Africa's mineral resources, it was known and utilised by Africans centuries before Rio Tinto showed up The myth that pre-colonial Africa didn't exploit its own natural resources is completely false
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Reposted by Isaac Samuel
gquaggiotto.bsky.social @gquaggiotto.bsky.social · 29/09/2026
Since the 16th century, visitors frequently remarked on the scale of local textile industries, the complexity of the cloth trade, and the quality of West African cotton cloths, which ‘far excel the prints and homespuns of Manchester’ www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-textil...
africanhistoryextra.com
The Textile Industry of pre-colonial Southern Nigeria (c.1500-1900)
From Yorubaland and Benin to Nupe and Igboland.
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ryatte.bsky.social @ryatte.bsky.social · 05/10/2026
African History Extra www.africanhistoryextra.com?r=1cmllv&utm...
africanhistoryextra.com
African History Extra | isaac Samuel | Substack
All about African history: reconstructing the continent's neglected past. Click to read African History Extra, by isaac Samuel, a Substack publication with tens of thousands of subscribers.
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gquaggiotto.bsky.social @gquaggiotto.bsky.social · 05/10/2026
The next day one of the King’s ministers asked Bowdich why, if Britain were so selfless, had it behaved so differently in India?. Bowdich was astonished that the Asante had heard anything about India and was at a loss for words www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 05/10/2026
The Asante may have known about the British in India because they got the news
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
I'm honoured I remember your account from Twitter
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Reposted by Isaac Samuel
Chantal James @chantalalive.blacksky.app · 04/10/2026
I followed you on twitter & have subscribed to your newsletter for years! I’m your longtime supporter. Totally love what you do!
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
thank you 🙏🏾
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Reposted by Isaac Samuel
Chantal James @chantalalive.blacksky.app · 04/10/2026
This came to my inbox since I subscribe. Y'all have to read this & other stuff that shows white supremacy is a big lie, Africans all over the continent were always advanced & Europe brutally underdeveloped it through plunder & violence. How much did Africans know about the world historically? A lot!
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
Liberian Exploration of West Africa, c. 1858-1874 www.patreon.com/isaacsamuel6...
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
The Asante Ewer: a medieval English bronze jug bearing the royal arms of England, as used in the period 1340 to 1405. Found at Kumasi, Ghana. The jug likely came to Asante through trade or as a diplomatic gift, but was later looted during the Anglo-Asante War of 1895–96.
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
Portrait of Dom Miguel de Castro, Emissary of Congo, by Jeronimus Becx, 1643.
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sibyllacumae.bsky.social @sibyllacumae.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
That’s right
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HumanityExists @humanityexists.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
🧵
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
Máseñá, Chad, 1852 Home of the African travelers met by the German explorer Heinrich Barth, that had been to Basra (Iraq), and kept the works of Aristotle and Plato www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
My latest Patreon article examines the historical significance of the 19th-century travel accounts of the Liberian explorers of West Africa. ⤵️ Liberian Exploration of West Africa, c. 1858-1874: African Initiative and Agency in “First Contact.” www.patreon.com/isaacsamuel6...
patreon.com
Liberian Exploration of West Africa, c. 1858-1874: African Initiative and Agency in “First Contact.” | Isaac Samuel
Beginning in 1858, a handful of formerly enslaved African Americans who had founded the colony of Liberia along the West African coast began
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
The Liberian explorers’ accounts dispelled many negative myths about inland African societies: “We saw industry, cleanliness, economy, and mechanical genius, far surpassing any I had ever seen among many of the immigrants from the United States.” www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
The explorers also provided the first written account of the famous Simandou mine of Guinea, which they described as a “mountain of iron ore.” Simandou is considered the world’s largest known high-grade, untapped iron ore deposit www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
The explorers encountered numerous African merchants from the interior who had previously visited Monrovia, and they met local Muslim scholars who operated networks of schools in the interior and in the Liberian colony itself www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
The travel accounts of Liberian explorers such as George Seymour in 1858 and Benjamin Anderson in 1868-74 describe large walled cities in the interior of present-day Guinea, whose population dwarfed the entire settler population of Liberia. www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
The most prominent among the returnees were the Americo-Liberians,who produced some of the most detailed written accounts of the inland kingdoms of West Africa. Their expeditions did not, however, initiate contact with these societies. www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
In other societies along the West African coast, the literate class that kept local rulers abreast of international affairs was drawn from the small but influential communities of returnees (i.e., formerly enslaved Africans who had returned to West Africa) www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
It was through such well-travelled Africans that the Asante king received information about the British colonisation of India. www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
In 1817, the courtiers of the Asante King in Ghana included a Hausa native of Katsina (Nigeria) “who had been at Tunis, and at Mecca; had seen many White men and ships; and described the method of travelling over the great desert [Sahara].” www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
In other cases, Africans gathered information about the rest of the world from foreign envoys and travelers who visited their court. www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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Isaac Samuel @rhaplord.bsky.social · 04/10/2026
These four separate accounts above provide a glimpse into the extent of Africa’s knowledge of the wider world, but are far from exhaustive. In some cases, Africans obtained information about international politics from their own travelers and explorers www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/what-did-a...
africanhistoryextra.com
What Did Africans Know About The Outside World?
On British “Spies” and News from India
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