iiinova — where your digital self keeps evolving

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 31/08/2026

Proteins involved in things like increasing autophagy, reducing inflammation, boosting mitochondrial function and these 17 proteins really popped in the analysis that was done by the team, with a 17-protein response score clearly physiologically differentiating MMT responders 7/

Heat map and box plots showing that the 17 proteins of interest are more active in the MMT responders than any other group

190

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 31/08/2026

That really appeared to be associated with clinical response to the MMT therapy (figure below). What was particularly cool about these proteins was that they weren't 'junk' proteins, they were proteins that were legitimately associated with the MMT mechanism of action. 6/

Flow chart showing the breakdown of over 10,000 proteins measured to 17 core "responder" proteins.

170

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 31/08/2026

First finding of note was the responder analysis: encouragingly, in our cohort from the first paper we saw many more responders (R) in the treatment group than the sham group (80% vs. 30%). But then as we dug into the proteomics, we noted that there were 17 different proteins 5/

A graph showing responder vs. non-responder rates in sham vs MMT trial groups. The responder rates in the MMT group is 80% vs. only 30% in the sham group

150

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 10/08/2026

it like a champ. What was super-encouraging and exciting, though, was that within 48 hours of each transplant we started to see pupillary responses returning to BOTH eyes. We went from pupils that were absent of response to light, to seeing measurable pupillary responses in 13/

A bar graph showing neuropupillary index (NPI) in the left and right eyes before and after mitochondrial transplant. The graphs show a robust increase in the NPIs of both eyes after transplant.

1170

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 28/05/2026

when we injected antibodies taken from people who had fully recovered from COVID or never had COVID. This sort of experiment is called a “passive transfer” experiment and the results we saw were extremely interesting. First, when the antibodies were exposed to tissue samples 2/

1332

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 28/05/2026

Wonderful day for a new #LongCOVID paper! Thanks to an incredible collaboration with @VirusesImmunity and brilliant work done by @keylas3, we studied the effects of injecting antibodies taken from people with LC into mice compared with what happened www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti... 1/

Graphical abstract of the new paper highlighting the following key concepts:
• Long COVID features autoantibodies targeting neural and
vascular tissues
• Patients’ IgG shows increased ADCP activity against MED20
• Passive transfer of IgG induces pain and fatigue-like
phenotypes in mice
• Mouse pain behavior after IgG transfer correlates with patient-reported chronic pain

615258

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 19/05/2026

Excited to be partnering with the Same You Foundation as we start an AMA about brain injury recovery. Follow “SameYouOrg” on instagram to watch!

0154

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 23/04/2026

We received feedback that folks are not so eager to enter a placebo-controlled trial for fear of being in the placebo arm. So, for our trial looking at low-dose rapamycin for #LongCOVID we now have an open-label extension added to the trial so everyone gets to try it! Reach out!

511159

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 05/04/2026

We just lost an absolute legend in the field of neuro-restoration. V. Reggie Edgerton was a true innovator and fierce driver of change for people with paralysis. I never stopped being in awe of how far he would go to help just one person. Rest easy, Reggie. You did so much 💔

Image of legendary neuroscientist V. Reggie Edgerton standing in his lab with his arms folded

1619

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 19/02/2026

Timeline cleanse! Happiest of birthdays to this fine lady!

A picture of a very cute dog wearing a birthday hat that says the number “ten” on it

0612

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 07/11/2025

#LongCOVID, #MECFS, chronic #lyme scientists and clinicians: This energy! Bring it each day someone tries to force you to follow the status quo, bring it each time someone tries to slow you down just because their insecure ass can't keep up. People are depending on us. Move faster! Show urgency!

A still showing Muhammad Ali standing over an opponent with a quote: “Impossible is just a big word thrown around by small men who find it easier to live in the world they've been given than to explore the power they have to change it. Impossible is not a fact. It's an opinion. Impossible is not a declaration. It's a dare. Impossible is potential. Impossible is temporary. Impossible is nothing.”

49018

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 07/11/2025

Hi all, across our six centers serving people with spinal cord injury, stroke, TBI, #LongCOVID, #MECFS, chronic #lyme, new parents, cerebral palsy and many other conditions, roughly 20% are dependent on SNAP benefits for survival. So we're trying to pull together a food drive! 1/

Flyer describing our food drive and food drive needs. If you are able or interested in donating to the food drive please email ARCClinic@mountsinai.org

17534

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

Delighted to receive this in the mail yesterday and congrats to Giorgia Lupi on getting this out. THANK YOU for taking time to discuss #LongCOVID and the need for accurate, inclusive and honest representation of the people we collect our data from. Amazing work. 🙏🏻

0689

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 18/10/2025

at least 30 days: - 85% of users reported improved control of their illness - 94 said that their understanding of their energy budget was improved - 90% said that their day-to-day energy management was improved. - 60% said they had less, and less severe, PEM episodes Some 5/

1130

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 04/10/2025

anatomy (versus neighboring brain regions). It is precisely this sort of work that is going to teach us where and when to place implants in recipients who have the potential to benefit. As we wrap up another year of phenomenal talks from day 2 of the @NYBCI conference thanks 4/

140

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 04/10/2025

derived from the stentrode (overview below) over more than one year, which gives us faith that this technology can persist in the body and sustain digital independence in the user over long periods, making it a highly feasible technology for locked-in patients needing a 2/

150

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 24/09/2025

Incredible talk here at the #UNGA80 #indoorair call to action from our very own Violet Affleck! Reminding us that #longcovid affects all of us, the #covid19 pandemic is ongoing and we have failed to protect our children. Thank you, Violet, for speaking the truth to this room 🙏🏻

219967

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 03/09/2025

Second, the effects in the IMC-2 + Pax group were highly durable, beyond 600 days post-treatment. This was encouraging that we weren't necessarily looking at a placebo effect or an antiviral protocol that had to be continued in perpetuity. Also of note: these patients were 12/

A bar graph showing durable effects of IMC-2 + Paxlovid beyond 600 days from the end of the protocol

1190

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 03/09/2025

dysautonomia, and studied the 2 groups across different timepoints: Day 120, Day 305 and Day 731. When we analyzed the data a few interesting things popped out at us. First, IMC-2 + Paxlovid outperforms IMC-2 alone in improving fatigue, dysautonomia and brain fog (p<0.0001). 11/

A bar graph showing that IMC-2 + Paxlovid was more effective at reducing fatigue in people with LongCOVID at Day 120 than IMC-2 alone

1270

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 03/09/2025

The PGIC asks patients to rate their improvement on a scale of 1 to 7. Dr Pridgen captured these data on 3 prominent symptoms of patients attending his clinic: fatigue, brain fog (although we don't love this term, this is the language that was used at the time) and 10/

A diagram of dolaibujg the scoring schema for the PGIC, a likert scale that scores patient-perceived improvement from 1 (no change) to 7 (a great deal better/considerable improvement)

2250

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 03/09/2025

individual patient choice, we had the makings of a natural experiment, where some patients decided they wanted to try IMC-2 alone, whilst others wanted to try IMC-2 + Paxlovid. So we were able to split the data we had access to into two groups. Despite the length of the 7/

A CONSORT diagram showing the breakdown of patients who participated in the “IMC-2 only” or “IMC-2 + Paxlovid” arms

1251

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 27/06/2025

the diversity of the people presenting with these diagnoses. Similarly, as we continued to delve into hormones, we started to understand that sex hormones played a role in both symptom presentation and symptom severity by studying testosterone, progesterone and estradiol 11/

Chart showing differences in certain Long COVID symptoms depending on gender. Some symptoms, such as disrupted sleep, occur with equal prevalence regardless of gender, whilst others, such as hair loss, are more frequent in women than men

1130

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 27/06/2025

For instance, in one of our earliest physiology papers with the brilliant @VirusesImmunity, our teams showed that, in our cohort, low morning cortisol was an important variable in allowing a machine learning algorithm to distinguish between people with #LongCOVID and healthy 8/

Chart showing different variables that are predictive of a Long COVID diagnosis, including reduced morning cortisol as one of the most highly predictive factors.

1160

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 25/03/2025

Excerpt of an email received by a mentee of mine who is currently transitioning to independence as a career researcher. This is happening all over the country right now. The “equity research” my mentee was proposing was centered around novel neurotechnologies that increase the 1/

44413

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 15/03/2025

Two steps forward, one step back. For #LongCOVID awareness day today I had the honor of joining thousands of other New Yorkers in a peaceful protest to stand against many of the current administration’s recent damaging and thoughtless policies and executive orders. Let there 1/

716642

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 28/01/2025

Make sure you’re following @coresinai.bsky.social for clinical trial opportunities and updates here!

46521

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 22/12/2024

I was asked this question on the other, less pleasant, platform. Basically: what drugs to I recommend for mitochondrial dysfunction. Here is my response (🧵): 1/

3616942

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 18/12/2024

Banger of a #LongCovid paper in pre-print today showing that replicating viral DNA can persist in hamsters at least 80 days after intranasal infection. The study team were able to isolate and amplify infectious virus in 84% of experimental animals. www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1... 1/

Screenshot highlighting text that says “Although sub-genomic RNA was below the limit of detection, indicating low viral load, we were able to isolate and amplify infectious virus in 84.4% (27/32) of the brainstems of infected hamsters at 80 dpi”

710831

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 30/11/2024

We worked with @SamsungUS and @Take2Interact to get hundreds of workbooks and free wifi out to low income kids in NY and NJ who didn’t have devices to engage in remote schooling, and we partnered with the incredible @socialcreaturz to start building out programs to address 8/

2954

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 30/11/2024

wrong - this doesn’t mean you stick your head in the sand about lockdown problems: with the help of our friends at @LogitechG, our team coordinated the distribution of hundreds of iPads to hospitals all over NY so that people could say goodbye to critically ill loved ones. 7/

11034

Putrino Lab @putrinolab.bsky.social · 24/10/2023

Filed under “more stuff I should have read she’s ago”, thank you so much, @julierehmeyer for sending me this and for all you do in general for the conversation around #LongCovid, #MECFS, chronic #lyme and all infection- (AND *exposure-*) associated complex chronic illnesses

A hand holding a copy of the book “through the shadowlands”, authored by Julie Rehmeyer

2263