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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 01/10/2026

Jonathan Henson et al. surveyed nine orchards in the Georgia apple-growing region in 2023 to identify the #Colletotrichum species responsible for #Glomerella leaf spot and bitter rot and to assess their resistance to quinone outside inhibitor fungicides: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-01-26-0028-R

Fig. 4. Map of the Georgia apple-growing region showing Colletotrichum species associated with bitter rot and Glomerella leaf spot (GLS). Pie charts indicate the relative frequency of each species at each orchard location, with size proportional to the number of isolates. Isolates were collected from commercial orchards (A to H) and the Georgia Mountain Research and Education Center (GMREC). GLS samples include those collected from both leaves and fruit (1- to 4-mm spots).

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 29/09/2026

Miranda Tomás-Tomás et al. provide a comprehensive study of prophage diversity and genomic relationships among #Xylella fastidiosa strains representing the five main subspecies: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-25-0141-R

Fig. 2. Genomic similarity matrix between the 105 prophages obtained and the eight previously described based on the average nucleotide identity score obtained with VIRIDIC.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 28/09/2026

Long-term collection of #Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici isolates in Canada provides a unique perspective on pathogen evolution. Bohan Wei et al. extend previous race structure analyses by characterizing 73 isolates from wheat, barley, and wild barley: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-02-26-0058-R

Fig. 1. Number of isolates with Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici race designations per province.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 25/09/2026

Although red crown rot of soybean is generally associated with high rainfall, results from Sunao Ochi et al. suggest that high temperatures and low precipitation during the reproductive stage may also promote disease progression: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-06-25-0207-R

Fig. 1. State-space model image. The soybean growth stage was divided into monthly segments, and state equations were created for field background, June, July, and August. Events occurring at each growth stage were introduced as explanatory variables in each equation. *Since the earliest sowing date in surveyed fields was 17 May, the planting date was calculated starting from the previous day, 16 May. RCR, red crown rot.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 23/09/2026

To assess whether long-term deployment of Ty-1 has shaped viral evolution, Misaki Nakajima et al. conducted the first nationwide, multiyear survey of tomato yellow leaf curl virus diversity in Japan: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-03-26-0062-R

Fig. 1. Locations of prefectures in which tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) isolates were reported in this and previous studies. A, Dark gray: prefectures from which samples were collected in this study; light gray: prefectures from which TYLCV isolates were collected and full-length genome sequences were reported in previous studies. B, Locations of Inazawa and Tahara municipalities in Aichi Prefecture.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 21/09/2026

Diann S. Achor et al. proposed a sequential disease development model of citrus #huanglongbing, cased by the phloem-colonizing ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-01-26-0019-R

Fig. 5. Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses of root tissues of Citrus sinensis cultivar Valencia kept in the growth room.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 20/09/2026

A mixed infection of #brassica yellows virus and turnip mosaic virus altered more than disease incidence. Lei Lei et al. found effects on plant growth, seed oil content, and fatty acid composition in oilseed rape: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-02-26-0038-R

Fig. 1. Rapeseed field symptoms with viral-like characteristics and virus identification results.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 18/09/2026

Utilizing simple sequence repeats, Alexander J. Barrett et al. found high heterozygosity, low clonality, and distinct populations in #Peronospora belbahrii, causal agent of basil downy mildew. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-11-25-0360-R

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 16/09/2026

Cheng-Fang Hong et al. found low genetic diversity across #Neoscytalidium dimidiatum isolates collected over more than a decade—suggesting predominantly an asexual population structure of N. dimidiatum on dragon fruit in Taiwan: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-09-25-0291-R

Fig. 1. Spatial distribution of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum populations collected from dragon fruit and cattleya orchids between 2011 and 2024 in Taiwan. Darker green indicates a higher sample size in the county or city, and numbers in parentheses are the total number of N. dimidiatum isolates collected in the region. The region boundaries in Taiwan island were approximately the location of the Zhuoshui River and the Central Mountain Range.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 14/09/2026

Not all members of the Aphelenchoides besseyi complex behave the same way—Che-Chang Liang et al. showed that A. pseudobesseyi has a broad host range spanning field crops and ornamentals, while A. oryzae appears restricted to rice. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-02-26-0056-R

Fig. 5. Symptoms caused by the parasitism of LSF population of Aphelenchoides pseudobesseyi on crops.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 11/09/2026

Findings from Yankun Liu et al. demonstrate that HmENG1 is a classic cell wall-degrading enzyme that may exhibit multifunctional roles during #Hirschmanniella mucronata infection of rice: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-25-0393-R

Fig. 3. In situ hybridization of HmENG1 transcripts in Hirschmanniella mucronata infective juveniles. A, Positive detection of HmENG1 transcripts by an antisense DIG-labeled DNA probe in the esophageal glands of H. mucronata. B, A sense DIG-labeled DNA probe, used as a negative control for HmENG1 in H. mucronata, showed no detectable labeling. Abbreviations: DIG, digoxigenin; S, stylet; M, metacorpus; EG, esophageal gland. The procedure was repeated three times independently. Representative images are shown. Scale bars = 20 µm.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 10/09/2026

Screening sweetpotato for #Fusarium wilt resistance can be time and resource intensive. Ajay Dhungana et al. identified a marker associated with resistance that could help accelerate selection in breeding programs: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-25-0233-R

Fig. 1. Visualization of Fusarium wilt disease rating scale (0 to 5) and representative stem cross-section (arrows) showing vascular discoloration in the Louisiana sweetpotato population. Disease rating is listed as 0 = no symptoms, 1 = slight vascular discoloration with no external symptoms, 2 = moderate vascular discoloration with no external symptoms, 3 = lower leaves yellowed and incipient wilting, 4 = extensive wilting, and 5 = plant dead (Clark et al. 1998).

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 07/09/2026

A genome-wide association study of 178 maize inbred lines uncovered new clues to #Fusarium stalk rot resistance. Yanyan Liu et al. identified both previously reported resistance regions and a novel locus on chromosome 9: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-25-0331-R

Fig. 1. Development of maize stalk rot and disease severity classification. The scores range from 1 (no disease) to 9 (most severe disease). Bar = 1 cm.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 06/09/2026

Nearly 1,000 predicted secreted protein genes were characterized across key developmental stages of #Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Qianhui Yang et al. identified ChTMSP2 as a critical contributor to virulence on maize: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-25-0405-R

Fig. 2. Features of the mitochondrial genome of Cochliobolus heterostrophus strain TM17. Genes encoding ATP synthases, transfer RNAs, ribosomal proteins, complex I, complex III, complex IV, and other proteins are labeled with different colors.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 04/09/2026

A closer look at the apple rust pathogen, #Gymnosporangium yamadae, reveals a diverse arsenal of haustorial effectors. Chenxi Shao et al. show that these proteins can target different cellular locations while modulating plant immunity: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-01-26-0018-R

Fig. 1. Cell death response of Gymnosporangium yamadae candidate effectors in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The numbers 1 and 2 indicate Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing GFP-pGR106 and INF1-pGR106 (positive control), candidate effector-pGR106 and INF1-pGR106 were co-infiltrated at the same time. The numbers 3 to 5 indicate A. tumefaciens containing GFP-pGR106 (negative control), candidate effector-pGR106, and INF1-pGR106 (positive control) were infiltrated. The results were shown at 4 to 6 days after infiltrating in N. benthamiana leaves.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 02/09/2026

Hina Firdous et al. analyzed wheat stripe rust populations across China and identified patterns of regional connectivity, differentiation, and virulence that could inform disease management strategies. doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-25-0391-R

Fig. 1. Geographic distribution of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici isolates collected across five Chinese provinces: GZ, Guizhou; SC, Sichuan; XJ, Xinjiang; GS, Gansu; SX, Shaanxi. Symbol color denotes sampling region, and size reflects the number of isolates (3 to 5, 7 to 10, 18 to 24).

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 31/08/2026

After more than 100 years of uncertainty about what causes fairy ring of cranberry, Jennifer Vaiciunas et al. present the first description of the causal agent and its novel dispersal method: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-01-26-0020-R #plantpathology #etiology #ecology #cranberry

Fig. 1. Symptoms of cranberry fairy ring. A, Appearance of a fairy ring in a commercial cranberry field. B, A cranberry stolon with infection pads. C, Cranberry roots with hyphae encrusting the surface. D, Infection cushions and epiphytic mycelia on a cranberry stolon.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 28/08/2026

Balancing wheat blast risk and water availability is a challenge in the Brazilian Cerrado. Using 62 years of weather data, Igor F. Erhardt et al. identified region-specific sowing windows that help reduce the risk of both threats: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-01-26-0016-R

Fig. 1. Geographic context of the study area for current and potential expansion of wheat production in the Brazilian Cerrado.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 27/08/2026

“Action Mechanism and Efficacy of Pyrimethanil Against Corynespora cassiicola, Causing Cucumber Target Spot,” by Jinhui Xu et al. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-25-0332-R #plantpathology #omics #fungicides #pyrimethanil

Fig. 2. Effect of pyrimethanil treatment on the morphology of hyphae and conidia of Corynespora cassiicola strain GZUGPL2024001.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 24/08/2026

What if disease progress curves are more than summary statistics? Emerson M. Del Ponte introduces a trajectory-based approach that showed distinct southern corn leaf blight epidemic phenotypes hidden by AUDPC comparisons: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-01-26-0009-LE

Fig. 1. Representative pairs of disease progress curves illustrate scenarios in which conventional scalar summaries (area under the disease progress curve [AUDPC] and final severity) either align with or obscure differences in epidemic trajectories.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 21/08/2026

Editor’s Pick: The Andes may not be the barrier to #Phytophthora palmivora movement once thought. Ángela María Henao et al. identified seven genetic clusters in Colombian cacao-growing regions, yet neither genotype nor virulence aligned with geography. doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-25-0351-R

Fig. 1. Geographic distribution of Phytophthora palmivora sampling sites across Colombian cacao-growing regions. The map shows administrative departments from which samples were collected, with dots representing sampling sites colored by region: western (yellow), central (purple), and eastern (green) cordilleras. The Andes mountain system is shown in brown scale to illustrate the hypothesized geographic barriers.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 20/08/2026

Yu Liao et al. provide foundational data for identifying causative agents and elucidating the metabolic mechanisms underlying nutrient composition changes in diseased morels. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-25-0388-R

Fig. 1. Morel fruiting bodies with red-stipe disease and healthy fruiting bodies. A, Red-stipe disease samples. B, Healthy samples.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 17/08/2026

Results from Jinyan Liu et al. define the first 12 h post-wounding as the key vulnerability period for pine wood #nematode infection, providing a critical timeframe for targeted prevention of pine wilt disease. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-25-0284-R #Bursaphelenchus

Fig. 3. Paraffin sections of pine branches stained with 1% safranin and 0.5% fast green. A, Longitudinal section of 2-year-old branch. B, Transverse section of 2-year-old branch. C, Pine wood nematode (PWN) colonization in cortical resin canal (CRC) at inoculation site, 1 h postinoculation (hpi). D, PWN in CRC at inoculation site, 12 hpi. E, PWN migration in CRC 1 cm proximal to inoculation site, 6 hpi. F, PWN migration in CRC 1 cm distal to inoculation site, 6 hpi. XRC, xylem resin canal.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 15/08/2026

Findings from Vicki A. Klaassen and Maher Al Rwahnih indicate that spring qPCR testing reliably identifies most vines newly positive with grapevine red blotch virus within a growing season. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-01-26-0014-SC

Fig. 1. Distribution of sentinel vines at Russell Ranch Vineyard.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 13/08/2026

Rebecca E. Campbell et al. developed a mathematical model for the European canker disease cycle that targets critical mechanisms in the epidemiology of the disease, especially the pathogen response to meteorological parameters: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-25-0385-R

Fig. 1. European canker disease cycle conceptual model used to develop a risk prediction algorithm for Neonectria ditissima in New Zealand apple orchards.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 10/08/2026

Amanda Mainello-Land et al. examined the genetic structure of #Phytophthora ramorum populations in Ireland and Northern Ireland from 2005 to 2022 using microsatellite genotyping: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-25-0346-R

Fig. 1. Map of Phytophthora ramorum EU1 multilocus genotypes found in counties of Ireland (shaded green) and Northern Ireland (shaded red) from isolates collected between 2005 and 2022. Numbers refer to the total number of isolates included from each county.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 08/08/2026

Esmaeil Miraeiz et al. tested exogenous application of chemical modulators of these pathways for effects on soybean cyst nematode resistance and dependence on the presence or absence of Rhg1-b: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-25-0344-R

Fig. 1. Copy number variation (CNV) and allele composition at the Rhg1 locus in soybean near-isogenic lines (NILs) and controls.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 05/08/2026

K. Avila, M. Stahr, and L. M. Quesada-Ocampo identified alternative hosts, infested soil, and infected roots as independent inoculum reservoirs that drive black rot epidemiology and threaten the sustainability of #sweetpotato propagation systems: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-11-25-0373-R

Fig. 4. Symptoms of black rot at the base of sweetpotato slips following exposure to soil–root inoculum treatments. Treatments are listed as soil condition × root status: A, C × H = clean soil with healthy roots; B, C × I = clean soil with inoculated roots; C, I × H = infested soil with healthy roots; and D, I × I = infested soil with inoculated roots. Red circles highlight A, healthy or B to D, symptomatic tissue at the slip base.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 03/08/2026

Characterizing epidemic dynamics is essential for developing disease control strategies. Manu Affichard et al. present a data-driven model that introduces a new metric, apparent diffusion, to quantify within-host disease spread along the plant axis: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-09-25-0300-R

Fig. 1. Conceptual representation of the mechanisms for disease progression, their representation within the model, and the epidemic traits derived from parameter values.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 01/08/2026

Mamateli Tursunniyaz et al. conducted the first genome-wide identification and characterization of the PDF gene family in alfalfa, identifying 10 members grouped into two subfamilies (PDF1 and PDF2). Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-25-0341-R

Fig. 4. Evolutionary analysis of plant defensin (PDF) genes in angiosperms based on synteny network.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 29/07/2026

Wheat blast is a major threat to wheat production in tropical and subtropical regions of Brazil. Monalisa C. De Cól et al. investigated the genetic structure and spatiotemporal dynamics of #Pyricularia oryzae Triticum in Minas Gerais, Brazil: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-25-0383-R

Fig. 1. Locations of 12 sampled wheat fields across municipalities (dots) in the South-Central and Triângulo Mineiro regions of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, collected in 2019 by Ascari et al. (2024).

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 27/07/2026

Jorge Santiago Vazquez and Nabil Killiny provide evidence that #Diaphorina citri energy metabolism and muscle-associated proteins may play key roles in the recognition, interaction, and subsequent transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-05-25-0166-R

Fig. 2. Far-Western, also known as protein overlay assay, used in the current study. Predicted three-dimensional (3D) structure model and its associated mesh surface of outer membrane proteins and peptidoglycans from ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’, from which we obtained the antigenic domain sequences to produce antibodies. Antigenic sequences are gray-highlighted in the predicted models. Protein chains are colored according to the rainbow color spectrum, from blue (N-terminus) to red (C-terminus).

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 25/07/2026

“Evolutionary Relationships and a Tree-Based Alignment Selector Interactive Phylogeny of the Emerging Lineages of the Plant Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum,” by Amanda Mainello-Land et al. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-25-0248-R #Phytophthora #plantpathology #plantdisease

Fig. 1. Tree-Based Alignment Selector (T-BAS) phylogeny of 12 lineages of Phytophthora ramorum. The maximum likelihood phylogeny (center) was inferred using concatenated sequences of six nuclear loci (avh120, avh121, btub, gweuk.30.30.1, hsp90, and trp1) and 1,000 bootstrap replicates in IQ-TREE. Colors on the inner ring represent the lineages of P. ramorum as defined in source publications. Colors on the middle ring represent the isolate's country of origin. Colors on the outer ring represent the host type. Branches are not drawn to scale. Percent bootstrap support is noted on each node.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 23/07/2026

The mealybug-transmitted cacao mild mosaic virus (CaMMV) causes symptomatic and asymptomatic infection of cacao trees. Heshani De Silva Weligodage et al. developed a multiplex RPA assay was to increase the reliability of CaMMV detection: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-25-0319-R #plantdisease

Fig. 6. Specificity of CRISPR/Cas12a assay with A, guide RNA 1 (gRNA1) and B, gRNA2 using 1, full-length cacao mild mosaic virus (CaMMV); 2, partial clone 1 of cacao yellow vein banding virus (CYVBV); 3, partial clone 2 of CYVBV; 4, full-length cacao swollen shoot CD virus (CSSCDV); 5 to 7, full-length cacao swollen shoot virus (CSSV); 8, full-length cacao red vein banding virus (CRVBV); 9, full-length cacao swollen shoot Togo A virus (CSSTAV); 10, full-length cacao swollen shoot CE virus (CSSCEV); 11, full-length cacao swollen shoot Togo B virus (CSSTBV); 12 and 13, cloned fragment of cacao MP2; 14, cloned fragment of CaMMV MP2; 15, no-template control (NTC). Negative samples for CRISPR/Cas12a reactions are marked with (-).

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 20/07/2026

The plant-associated microbiome is a key contributor to plant health. Livleen Kaur et al. discuss the concept and potential applications of #phyllosphere microbiome transplantation to develop disease-suppressive microbiomes. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-03-25-0116-PER

FIGURE 1 Iterative passaging of a phyllosphere microbiome along with pathogen introduction at each passage may help develop a disease suppressive microbiome. At each passage, the foliar microbiome from the least susceptible host plant is isolated and used for inoculating plants in the next passage. Gray-shaded microbes do not contribute to disease suppression, and colored microbes do contribute to disease suppression.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 17/07/2026

Editor’s Pick: “Disease Is Optional: The Surprising Abundance of Facultative Fungal Plant Pathogens,” by Elizabeth J. Indermaur and Nathaniel M. Westrick. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-02-26-0043-RVW #plantpathology #plantdisease

FIGURE 1 A conceptual model of facultative pathogenicity.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 16/07/2026

“Effects and Mechanisms of Sodium Nitroprusside, Spermidine, and Coumarin Addition In Vitro on Epichloë sinensis,” by Yang Luo and Pei Tian: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-09-25-0312-R

Fig. 14.
A proposed model of how Epichloë sinensis responds to potential host defense-related signals.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 13/07/2026

Roy L. Davis, II, Natalie M. Hoidal, and Sydney E. Everhart provide the most extensive regional analysis of #Alternaria brassicicola population structure to date, revealing pronounced genetic differentiation among isolates and high within-field diversity: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-25-0228-R

Fig. 1.
Symptoms of Alternaria brassicicola manifest as brown-to-black circular lesions on the foliage and heads of broccoli. Single spore isolates used in this study were collected from lesions cut directly from diseased plants in the field (Photo credit: Roy L. Davis II).

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 11/07/2026

Potato early dying (PED) is a significant concern for potato growers in many parts of the world. A. U. Rahman et al. investigated the causal agents of PED in Alberta, Canada: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-25-0251-R #Verticillium #Colletotrichum #Fusarium

Fig. 2.
Examples of potato early dying symptoms observed during surveys: A, chlorosis of basal leaves; B, necrosis mostly on one side of leaves; C, internal stem brown discoloration; and D, flagging.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 09/07/2026

Fusarium crown rot has become increasingly prevalent in China's Huanghuai region, with #Fusarium pseudograminearum emerging as the predominant causal pathogen. Li Yan et al. developed a TaqMan qPCR assay to specifically detect F. pseudograminearum: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-25-0396-R

Fig. 1.
Specificity validation of the Fusarium pseudograminearum detection assay.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 06/07/2026

Review: “Colletotrichum magnum Species Complex: Emerging Pathogens in Tropical and Subtropical Regions,” by Su-Yan Wang et al. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-25-0278-RVW #anthracnose #Colletotrichum

FIGURE 2
Symptoms caused by Colletotrichum magnum species complex species in host plants. A, Leaves of mango papaya (Spondias mombin) with anthracnose symptoms (Carvalho et al. 2019; Reproduced with permission. © 2019 Wiley).

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 04/07/2026

Sweet cherry is a commercially vital fruit crop in China. Li Xu et al. investigated the mechanism of dappled fruit formation in hop stunt viroid-infected sweet cherry using integrated #metabolomics and #transcriptomics: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-25-0249-R

Fig. 1.
A, Uniform coloration in a normal fully ripened sweet cherry cultivar Hongdeng fruit relative to fruits affected by hop stunt viroid at the B, ripening and C, color change stages.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 02/07/2026

Papaya ringspot virus W-type (PRSV W) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) severely damage cucurbits worldwide. Thi-Ngoc-Bich Tran et al. found that recombinant WAC-CP has potential for the concurrent control of PRSV W and CMV in cucurbits: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-25-0245-R

Fig. 4.
Cross-protection effectiveness of the papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) mild strain WAC carrying different coat protein (CP) fragments of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in horn melon plants against the challenge of the severe strains PRSV W-CI and CMV, alone or together. WAC, the mild strain WAC of PRSV W-type. The mild WAC recombinants carrying different CP fragments of the entire reading frame (WAC-CP), N-terminal half (WAC-CPn), or C-terminal half (WAC-CPc) of CMV CP were mechanically introduced to horn melon plants at the two-true-leaf stage. All plants were challenged with PRSV W-CI or CMV severe virus, alone or together, 15 days after the protective inoculation.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 29/06/2026

Aniol Buisac et al. studied the aggressiveness of 17 #Xylella fastidiosa strains, representing different subspecies and sequence types, in #Nicotiana benthamiana: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-11-25-0366-R

Fig. 1.
Severity scale used to assess disease development in Nicotiana benthamiana plants infected with Xylella fastidiosa: 0, no symptoms; 1, 1 to 5 leaves just beginning to show decay; 2, 5 to 10 leaves showing significant decay; 3, one half or more of leaves showing decay and few showing necrosis; 4, all leaves showing decay and one-half or more showing necrosis; and 5, dead plant.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 27/06/2026

#Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae was first detected in Madagascar in 2019. Ravonantenaina Rabekijana et al. traced the Malagasy strains to a recent and single introduction from Asia and identified effective resistance genes for deployment: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-25-0336-SC

Fig. 1.
Distribution per site and per year of a collection of 73 strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae from Madagascar. White circles indicate the main cities around which symptomatic rice leaves have been collected.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 25/06/2026

Novel findings from John W. Mahas et al. identify factors associated with regions at high risk for cotton leafroll dwarf virus. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-25-0349-R #CLRDV

Fig. 1.
A directed acyclic graph (DAG) for investigating cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) incidence in cotton. Each node represents a variable, and directional arrows point from cause to effect (e.g., cotton may have an effect on CLRDV incidence both directly [via the directed arrow between them] and indirectly [via the directed arrow from cotton to Aphis gossypii abundance and the directed arrow from A. gossypii abundance to CLRDV incidence]). Double-headed arrows represent a correlation between variables that were not of specific interest but were included to account for any confounding effects they may have in the models.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 22/06/2026

“Population Structure of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri in Iran: 1991 to 2022,” by Zohreh Ebrahimi et al. Learn more: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-25-0289-R #Xanthomonas

Fig. 1.
TCS network constructed with the 815 global Xanthomonas citri pv. citri strains. The node sizes represent the number of strains in each node, with the color of each node indicating the country of isolation.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 20/06/2026

Junna Han et al. characterized the biological role of the AlkB domain embedded in open reading frame 1 of citrus leaf blotch virus. This study provides the first functional characterization of a viral AlkB domain: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-25-0275-R

Fig. 4.
Effect of vcAlkB mutation on cell-to-cell movement of citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV) in Nicotiana benthamiana. A, Under 10× objective; B, under 40× objective.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 18/06/2026

Existing diagnostic tools were found to either lack specificity or fail to detect all species in the wheat leaf spot complex. M. Hafez et al. developed a detection tool targeting the single-copy, conserved β-tubulin 1 gene across all species: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-25-0156-R

Fig. 1.
The leaf spot complex of wheat includes a range of diseases: tan spot, Septoria tritici blotch, spot blotch, and Septoria nodorum blotch. Anamorph and teleomorph for disease-causing pathogens are indicated in blue and red text, respectively. Additional information regarding the infective spore stage(s) and the overwintering strategy is given for each pathogen. Parastagonospora nodorum primarily infects lower leaves, causing Septoria nodorum blotch, with secondary infections arising when water-splashed asexual pycnidiospores spread to upper leaves and glumes, leading to Septoria glume blotch. Parastagonospora pseudonodorum mainly infect grain, causing septoria glume blotch, and recently was found to be associated with leaves. The question mark (?) indicates that P. pseudonodorum’s role as a leaf spot pathogen of wheat is still under investigation.

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Phytopathology® @phytopathology.bsky.social · 15/06/2026

#Xylella fastidiosa has been detected in Europe and other countries of the Mediterranean basin since 2013. Amandine Cunty et al. traced the origin of X. fastidiosa subspecies pauca ST53 strains in France: doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-25-0124-R

Fig. 3.
Transmission tree obtained with seqtrack algorithms implemented in the R package “adegenet” v.2.1.10 (Jombart et al. 2011). Each ID number corresponds to a strain or to a genomic sequence (GS, *) listed in the table on the right. The thickness of each arrow represents the probability of transmission direction; the larger the arrow, the higher the probability. The color of the circles corresponds to the origin of the strain or GS: brown for Costa Rica, green for Italy, and blue for France. In the table, ancestor corresponds to the strain that was the ancestor.

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