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(8/8) This shows the incredible scope that exists under international human rights law frameworks for rights to be shaped, not only in a 'top-down' manner by states negotiating treaties, but also from the 'bottom-up' by organisations and individuals within states who contribute to shadow reporting.

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(7/8)...relating to ECCE before the Committee, and if the Committee continues to consistently make references to ECCE as part of the right to education in its Concluding Observations to states, then the right to ECCE will become more solidified as an obligation that states are bound to follow.

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(6/8) Thus, the work of the civil society groups who submitted shadow reports in respect of the right to ECCE in Ghana has helped to contribute towards shaping the interpretation of the right to education. If more civil society organisations from around the world make an effort to put evidence...

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(5/8)...This has led some to argue that ECCE is not a recognised human right under the CRC framework. However, references to ECCE in the Concluding Observations of the Committee indicate otherwise, adding legitimacy to the argument that the right to ECCE is part of the broader right to education.

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(4/8)...to human rights treaty bodies on the state of early childhood education in their countries. Under Article 28 of the Convention on the Right to the Child which guarantees the right to education, there is particular mention of primary and secondary education, but no explicit mention of ECCE.

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(3/8)...in collaboration with the Right to Education Initiative, and the Africa Early Childhood Network which hosted capacity-building workshops and provided ongoing support to civil society organisations so that they could feel empowered to exercise their right to submit shadow reports...

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(2/8) Civil society groups and individuals advocating for ECCE in Ghana, together with the Africa Early Childhood Network, submitted shadow reports to the Committee for review in Ghana’s most recent reporting cycle. This follows an initiative by the Oxford Human Rights Hub...

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(1/8) The Committee on the Rights of the Child recognised children’s right to early childhood care and education (ECCE) in its recent Concluding Observations on Ghana - a major victory for children & civil society groups (which we also discuss in our ECCE podcast)🎙️: buff.ly/yMGqLud More below👇️

oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 13/05/2026

Audio | OHRH

Human rights

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Learning is a cumulative process, and children from low-income backgrounds often don't have access to early childhood education, which makes it more difficult to be well equipped when starting school. Olivier De Schutter, UN Special Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty, tells us more: 🎙️ buff.ly/BExMVRj

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 12/05/2026

“Investment in early childhood has the highest returns.” About two thirds of adult outcomes are attributable to factors beyond the individual, with a lack of access to early education and care exacerbating inequalities. Learn more in our ECCE podcast series: buff.ly/yMGqLud

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 29/04/2026

Episode 2 is out! Listen here: buff.ly/5ehF4Rq In the second epsiode of this series we speak to Rajakumari Michaelsamy, programme manager at Right to Education Initiative (RTE) and Africa Early Childhood Network (AfECN) representatives Alicia Lutomia and Esther Nyamatini.

The Right to Early Childhood Care and Education – Part 2 | OHRH

by Oxford Human Rights Hub | Apr 29, 2026

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 28/04/2026

Keep an eye (and an ear) out tomorrow for Episode Two of our podcast series on Early Childhood Care & Education🎙️ 📚️ 👨‍🎓

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 22/04/2026

🎙️ How Our Clicks Cost the Planet: The Internet, Climate Change, & Human Rights buff.ly/c8UD5As ⚖️ The Paris Agreement as a Human Rights Treaty: PSB et al. v Brazil buff.ly/YsCZIYJ 📚️ Milieudefensie v Shell: Holding Carbon Majors Accountable for Human Rights Violations buff.ly/LNk8mny

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How Our Clicks Cost the Planet: The Internet, Climate Change, and Human Rights (with Michael Oghia) | OHRH

by Kira Allmann | Sep 11, 2020

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 22/04/2026

The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights says that "climate change threatens...a range of human rights including those to life, water and sanitation, food, health, housing, self-determination, culture and development”. Below, we've gathered some Hub resources for Earth Day👇️

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 21/04/2026

Early childhood care & education is crucial for a child to learn to communicate, build confidence and relationships, affecting their life outcomes. Listen to episode one of our podcast series about shaping human rights law interpretation and enforcement through practical advocacy. buff.ly/qwzr3BJ

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 16/04/2026

🎙️NEW PODCAST In episode 1 of our new series, we explore how early childhood care and education can be advanced as a human right through both grassroots advocacy and international legal action. Featuring Prof Alan Stein, Olivier De Schutter, and Prof Sandy Fredman Listen here:

open.spotify.com

The Right to Early Childhood Care and Education - Episode 1

RightsUp: The Oxford Human Rights Hub Podcast · Episode

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 20/03/2026

Canada’s Supreme Court has ruled that excluding refugee women from subsidised childcare is discriminatory. This is a major step forward for intersectional equality under the Charter, recognising how gender and immigration status overlap. Read more about the wider implications 👇

A Bright Future for Canadian Equality Law? | OHRH

Image credit: Gabe Pierce via unsplash https://unsplash.com/photos/boy-in-white-long-sleeve-shirt-writing-on-white-paper-mLqWFEtlIEs

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 12/03/2026

All courts occasionally face emergencies where a failure to decide is a de facto final determination, and the Supreme Court is no exception. Yet over the last decade, it has routinely issued unexplained emergency orders that sidestep precedent or resolve unsettled issues. Read more: buff.ly/cCsw95K

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 12/03/2026

American Constitutional Law in the Shadows ⚖️ Prof Charles W. “Rocky” Rhodes writes that the US Supreme Court's role is to “say what the law is”, with reasoned justification so that other branches of government and lower courts respect and implement it. Enter the “the shadow docket.”👇️

American Constitutional Law in the Shadows | OHRH

Image credit: Wesley Tingey via unsplash https://unsplash.com/photos/a-wooden-gaven-sitting-on-top-of-a-white-counter-Lc71LBS9FlU

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 09/03/2026

In this episode, we will explore how these initiatives navigate the fine line between empowerment, dependence and the gendered expectations that shape public policy. 🎙️https://buff.ly/C8Zk6Hh

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Rights In Crisis – Rethinking Cash Transfers, Care Work, and Justice | OHRH

by Oxford Human Rights Hub | Mar 4, 2026

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 09/03/2026

In the third episode of our collaborative series with @oxindiacentre.bsky.social we discuss unconditional cash transfer schemes. While these schemes are often designed to enhance women’s financial inclusion and autonomy, they could also reshape their relationship with the state.👇️

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 08/03/2026

Julia Gillard – A Podcast of One’s Own The former Australian Prime Minister and Chair of the Global Institute for Women’s Leadership hosts engaging conversations with leaders from business, media, and sport, about enabling women to lead. Proceeds support the Institute’s work. buff.ly/s4mQS4E

podcasts.apple.com

A Podcast of One's Own with Julia Gillard

Personal Journals Podcast · Twice monthly · Julia Gillard, the only woman to have served as Prime Minister of Australia sits down for insightful, moving and thought-provoking conversations with some…

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 08/03/2026

Dr Ruth Rubio Marín – Gendered Constitutionalism, OxHRH RightsUp Podcast Constitutions historically reflect men’s views of what matters in a political community. But if women had been the primary drafters, would ‘founding mothers’ have had the same ideas about what is important? buff.ly/U4RGZ41

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Gendered Constitutionalism | OHRH

by Oxford Human Rights Hub | Jan 24, 2023

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 08/03/2026

This International Women’s Day, we’re sharing two podcasts that inspired us to think about how we can “Give To Gain”. We hope they inspire you too. Through donations, knowledge, mentoring, advocacy, or education, we can support women’s advancement to build a more connected world. Find out more👇️

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 04/03/2026

soundcloud.com/oxhrh/a-conv... RightsUp is brought to you by the Oxford Human Rights Hub. Executive produced by Meghan Campbell. Hosted by Justin Winchester. Produced and edited by Sophie Smith. Music for the series is by Rosemary Allman.

soundcloud.com

Dame Laura Cox KC on sex equality in the UK, and at the Bar of England of Wales - Part 2

In the second episode of this two-part series, Justin Winchester speaks to Dame Laura Cox KC — a Justice of the England and Wales High Court between 2002 and 2016, and former Chairperson of the Bar Co

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 04/03/2026

In Episode 2 of this series, Justin Winchester speaks to Dame Laura Cox KC — a former Justice of the England and Wales High Court between, and former Chairperson of the Bar Council Sex Discrimination Committee — about Baroness Harman's 2025 report on bullying & sexual harassment at the Bar. Link👇️

soundcloud.com

Dame Laura Cox KC on sex equality in the UK, and at the Bar of England of Wales - Part 2

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 02/03/2026

RightsUp is brought to you by the Oxford Human Rights Hub. Executive produced by Meghan Campbell. Hosted by Justin Winchester. Produced and edited by Sophie Smith. Music for the series is by Rosemary Allman.

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 02/03/2026

In the first episode of this new two-part series, Justin Winchester speaks to Dame Laura Cox KC — a Justice of the England and Wales High Court between 2002 and 2016, and former Chairperson of the Bar Council Sex Discrimination Committee — about women's equality in the United Kingdom. Link👇️

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 20/02/2026

Social justice is about whether people can live and work with dignity, protection and opportunity. Human rights law is one of our most powerful tools to build a socially just world. To stay up to date with the latest developments, subscribe to our quarterly newsletter: ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/subscribe/

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 13/02/2026

In our latest blog, Rachel Wechsler examines the TSRA, a landmark law giving trafficking survivors protections in American federal court. This has been a crucial development in implementing the non-punishment principle and advancing human rights in the US. ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/trafficking-...

Trafficking Survivors Relief Act: A Significant Step Towards Improved Implementation of the Non-Punishment Principle in the U.S. | OHRH

Wide angle image of US Capitol Building set against a blue sky

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 12/02/2026

3) - Protect the civilian character of schools & hospitals from military use - Ensure humanitarian access to conflict zones It's vital that we keeping working towards legal & policy solutions. Want to join the conversation? ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/how-to-contr...

Contribute to the Blog | OHRH

Thank you for your interest in contributing to the Oxford Human Rights Hub Blog! Please read the OxHRH Blog guidelines before submitting a proposed blog to us. The OxHRH Blog aims to promote…

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 12/02/2026

2) - Treat children associated with armed groups primarily as victims and use detention only as a last resort - Actively focus on reintegrating children released from armed forces or groups - Prosecute the recruitment and use of children under national law

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 12/02/2026

Over 7 million children worldwide are deprived of their liberty each year. Whether its unaccompanied children detained in migration centres or child soldiers, the numbers and the living conditions are unacceptable. UN reports on Children & Armed Conflict set out clear recommendations for change👇️

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 11/02/2026

In our latest blog, Adina Portaru examines Union of Atheists v. Greece, using it to unpack what state neutrality under the ECHR truly requires—and why neutrality need not mean the erasure of religious symbols from public life. ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/neutrality-i...

Neutrality is not Amnesia: Religious Symbols and the European Convention on Human Rights | OHRH

Image credit: Patrick Fore via Unsplash: https://unsplash.com/photos/man-holding-his-hands-on-open-book-b_SHPU5M3nk

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 06/02/2026

Brenda Kelly, a consultant obstetrician at the John Radcliffe Hospital and a founder of the Oxford Rose Clinic, which specialises in treating FGM patients. Brenda shares her insights about how the law and medicine interact when it comes to achieving gender equality. soundcloud.com/oxhrh/rights...

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RightsUp #RightNow - Female Genital Mutilation as a Question of Gender Equality (with Brenda Kelly)

In September 2015, the UN adopted the Sustainable Development Goals to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all people. For the first time, these goals explicitly aim to bring hum

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 06/02/2026

In 2015, the UN adopted the Sustainable Development Goals to end poverty, protect the planet and promote prosperity. Goal 5 aims to achieve gender equality and end harmful practices, including child marriage and female genital mutilation (FGM). To learn more, you can listen to our podcast👇

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 27/01/2026

The 27th of January marks the anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau in 1945, the largest Nazi death camp. Eighty-one years on, we remember the six million Jewish men, women and children who were murdered in the Holocaust, and the millions more murdered by the Nazi regime. #HMD2026

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🎙️ A Decolonial Approach to Education & the Law, with Foluke Adebisi ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/a-decolonial... This episode focuses on the intersection between human rights and the decolonial approach to education. Dr Adebisi is an expert in law, race, equality, legal education, and decolonising education.

A Decolonial Approach to Education and the Law (with Foluke Adebisi) | OHRH

by Nomfundo Ramalekana | Oct 30, 2020

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🧠 The Right to Education for Neurodiverse People ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/equality-doe... This post examines how a flawed conception of ‘inclusivity’ in education has significant potential to harm neurodiverse learners – especially those subject to intersectional marginalisation.

Equality Doesn’t Always Mean Integration: The Right to Education for Neurodiverse People | OHRH

George Bohunicky via Unsplash: https://unsplash.com/photos/qJKT2rMU0VU

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📘 A practical Workbook on the Right to Education ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/oxhrh-publis... This workbook is designed to provide an introduction for students aged 16-18 who may not have studied any law, but it can be used by anyone interested in learning about human rights and equality issues.

OxHRH Publishes Workbook on the Right to Education | OHRH

Image Credit: Dollar Gill via Unsplash.com: https://unsplash.com/photos/O-8uehnvlM8

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 10/12/2025

Today on #InternationalDayofEducation we reaffirm that education is a human right. Education is foundational to human dignity & substantive equality, and we're proud to share work that pushes the conversation forward. Explore three essential resources on the right to education via the links below:

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This #HumanRightsDay celebrating the theme #OurEverydayRights, @OxHRH helps re-engage people with human rights by showing how they shape our daily lives. Follow us to advance understanding & protection of human rights & equality. @oxfordlawfac.bsky.social ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 09/12/2025

UKSC's decision in R (Jwanczuk) v Secretary of State for Work & Pensions prioritised proportionality review over considering disability as a suspect ground of discrimination. Mustaqim Iqbal comments on the decision. ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/a-long-shado...

A Long Shadow: Jwanczuk, SC, and Incommensurability | OHRH

Image credit: Vidar Nordli-Mathisen via Unsplash: https://unsplash.com/photos/a-man-and-a-woman-looking-at-the-camera-nvlB39rzdQE

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 09/12/2025

In June 2025, Federal Court of Malaysia in SIS Forum v Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Selangor held that there couldn't be a fatwa declaring SIS as ‘deviant’ as it is a corporation & cannot profess the religion of Islam. Zheng Hong See analyses the decision. ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/malaysian-fe...

Malaysian Federal Court Held that a Fatwa Cannot Declare a Company ‘Deviant’ from Islamic Teachings | OHRH

Image credit: Bishan Thapa Magar via Unsplash: https://unsplash.com/photos/a-red-car-driving-down-a-street-next-to-tall-buildings-V8VKw3NHyUw

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 08/12/2025

Alexander Hughes analyses 2 #ECtHR decisions highlighting the Court's inconsistent approach to determining complaints made by women in the context of domestic & sexual violence. ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/the-inconsis...

The Inconsistent Approach to Violence Against Women by the European Court of Human Rights | OHRH

by Alexander Hughes | Nov 11, 2025

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 08/12/2025

In 2025, UN Special Rapporteur on VAWG, Reem Alsalem, released a report scapegoating gender-diverse individuals for violence against women & girls. Émilie Weidl comments how the report breaches the Special Mandate Code of Conduct. bit.ly/4ozn8DZ

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Transphobia at the highest level: UN Special Rapporteur Reem Alsalem’s report on Violence Against Women and Girls in breach of the Special Mandate Code of Conduct | OHRH

Image credit: Gabriel Dalton via Unsplash: https://unsplash.com/photos/trans-rights-are-human-rights-sign-at-a-protest-20CzChg9JkI

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oxhrh.bsky.social @oxhrh.bsky.social · 05/12/2025

Sajjad Hussain Nekokara urges Pakistan to uphold and protect the right of children to legal identity, which remains a distant dream for orphans, street children, and those without parental presence. ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/right-to-chi...