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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 10h

Learning from trial and error involves a complex interplay of neural circuits and computational processes that extend far beyond simple reward… Reinforcement Learning by Anne GE Collins doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.36d1ca92 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Reinforcement Learning" by Anne GE Collins. Reinforcement learning (RL) refers to a process in which an agent (biological or artificial) learns how to behave in its environment by using a simple type of information: reinforcers, which index how

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 10h

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 06/10/2026

The human mind relies on a finite, multicomponent buffer to hold and manipulate information, creating the bottleneck that defines our cognitive… Working Memory by Graham J. Hitch and Alan D. Baddeley doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.4f342e36 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Working Memory" by Graham J. Hitch and Alan D. Baddeley. Working memory refers to the psychological limit on our capacity to attend to and manipulate stored temporary information in goal-directed thought and behavior. A classic example is mental calculation

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 06/10/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 05/10/2026

Shared human traits like language and music suggest deep psychological commonalities, though their emergence may also reflect convergent cultural… Cultural Universals by Manvir Singh doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.44a6d380 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Cultural Universals" by Manvir Singh. Music, language, ownership, and the use of fire are all cultural universals, or traits expressed in all known human populations. Spanning behaviors, technologies, affective states, institutions, and l

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 05/10/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 02/10/2026

The human mind instinctively extracts order from chaos, tracking probabilities across sounds and scenes to build complex knowledge from raw input. Statistical Learning by Jenny Saffran doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.7a74eed8 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Statistical Learning" by Jenny Saffran. Statistical learning refers to the ability to track patterns in the environment. These patterns occur in a wide array of domains (e.g., speech, scenes, melodies). Humans track statistics over stimuli

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 02/10/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 01/10/2026

Cognitive science evaluates human behavior against a shifting, patchwork history of normative standards ranging from formal logic to modern decision… Human Rationality in Research by Ulrike Hahn oecs.mit.edu/pub/aj80dki5 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Human Rationality in Research" by Ulrike Hahn. Rationality—that is, reasonable judgment, evaluation of evidence, and decision-making—is a topic that runs through cognitive science both on a methodological level and as a topic of empirical inquiry.

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 01/10/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 30/09/2026

Neuroscience has mapped the brain’s emotional circuitry, yet the puzzle remains of how these biological signals coalesce into a unified experience. Affective Neuroscience by Dean Mobbs doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.4d8ccc37 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Affective Neuroscience" by Dean Mobbs. The origins of the field of affective neuroscience go back over two millennia, yet the term was first used in 1992 to describe how different emotions are represented in the human and animal brain. Thi

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 30/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 29/09/2026

Distinguishing between a person's perceptual sensitivity and their internal decision-making bias is essential for interpreting performance under… Signal Detection Theory by John T. Wixted oecs.mit.edu/pub/608a12kc #CognitiveScience

Figure from the OECS article "Signal Detection Theory".

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 29/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 28/09/2026

Language relies on a flexible, distributed neural network that integrates beyond traditional speech centers to adapt to real-time communication… Neuroscience of Language by Gesa Hartwigsen doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.9793d1ae #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Neuroscience of Language" by Gesa Hartwigsen. Language is a key faculty for human communication. Across the last few decades, neuroimaging work provided insight into the contribution of distributed areas in the brain to different language operati

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 28/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 25/09/2026

Subjective experience challenges traditional science because it remains unclear how neural computations generate the feeling of what it is like to… Consciousness by Claire Sergent and Frédérique de Vignemont doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.0aea8c7d #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Consciousness" by Claire Sergent and Frédérique de Vignemont. Consciousness refers to our subjective experience, broadly construed. It thus embraces a wide range of phenomena from wakefulness and sentience to what it is like to have a particular experience. Seei

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 25/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 24/09/2026

Converting abstract thoughts into fluent speech requires a rapid, subconscious orchestration of syntactic structure, word choice, and motor planning. Language Production by Zenzi M. Griffin doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.b076f599 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Language Production" by Zenzi M. Griffin. Speakers are typically aware of the ideas they want to express but not the steps involved in getting from those ideas to a series of motor movements. Consider describing an image with the sentence, “B

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 24/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 23/09/2026

The brain is not a static organ, but a dynamic system that physically rewires its own circuitry in response to learning, injury, and environmental… Neuroplasticity by Marina Bedny doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.3d4df41d #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Neuroplasticity" by Marina Bedny. Neuroplasticity is the capacity of the brain to change as a result of external influence and internal activity. It underpins learning from the environment, from others and from our own thoughts. Neuro

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 23/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 22/09/2026

Often overshadowed by the five classical senses, the vestibular system acts as an ancient, silent anchor for navigation, memory, and our fundamental… Vestibular System by Christophe Lopez doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.bc3a43dd #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Vestibular System" by Christophe Lopez. The vestibular system is a key sensory system responsible for self-motion perception and spatial orientation, working in concert with visual, muscular, joint, and tactile receptors to maintain balance

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 22/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 21/09/2026

Human causal reasoning relies on internal mental models that allow us to simulate counterfactual worlds and compare them against what actually… Causal Reasoning by David Lagnado doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.0de13fd2 #CognitiveScience

Figure from the OECS article "Causal Reasoning".

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 21/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 18/09/2026

Philosophers treat skepticism not as stubborn denial, but as a logical trap revealing fundamental tensions in our concepts of knowledge and evidence. Skepticism by Santiago Echeverri doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.95725785 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Skepticism" by Santiago Echeverri. In everyday life, people think of skepticism as the position of a stubborn person who rejects what other people believe in. Some skeptics may deny that climate change is real, while others claim that

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 18/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 17/09/2026

Intelligence tests measure specific cognitive aptitudes, yet the field remains marked by the tension between useful psychological metrics and their… Intelligence by K. Paige Harden doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.2aa90758 #CognitiveScience

Figure from the OECS article "Intelligence".

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 17/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 16/09/2026

Widened diagnostic criteria and shifting cultural definitions have transformed autism from a rare clinical diagnosis into a broad, heterogeneous… Autism by Uta Frith doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.db4c7c20 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Autism" by Uta Frith. The concept of autism has undergone a huge transformation since the 1940s when it was first given a name. Originally, it referred to a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe impairme

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 16/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 15/09/2026

The brain instantly resolves ambiguous visual input into coherent scenes by running lightning-fast, unconscious logical inferences before we even see. Unconscious Inference by Patrick Cavanagh doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.3bef4aa1 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Unconscious Inference" by Patrick Cavanagh. Unconscious inference refers to the rapid and unconscious, high-level choices made by the visual system to quickly organize input from the eyes into a coherent scene comprising objects, depth, light,

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 15/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 14/09/2026

Scientific consensus struggles to define "basic" tastes, as our perception of flavor is often an illusion dominated by smell rather than the tongue. Taste by Charles Spence doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.704d8d25 #CognitiveScience

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 14/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 11/09/2026

Distinguishing between our species and other animals requires balancing subtle quantitative differences with the unique, complex interplay of our… Uniquely Human Cognition by Daniel B. M. Haun doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.2760bd31 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Uniquely Human Cognition" by Daniel B. M. Haun. Uniquely human cognition refers to aspects of cognition that are specific to our evolutionary lineage and distinguish us from other animals, including our closest living relatives, the nonhuman primat

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 11/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 10/09/2026

The human brain balances a seemingly perfect capacity for memory with a notorious susceptibility to misidentification in real-world scenarios. Face Perception by A. Mike Burton doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.57de91a4 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Face Perception" by A. Mike Burton. The human face sends many different signals. We can identity somebody, if we happen to know them, but we can also judge their emotional state from their expression, perhaps read their lips if they are

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 10/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 09/09/2026

Language challenges the rule of arbitrary meaning through recurring, non-random associations between the sounds we articulate and the concepts they… Sound Symbolism by Mutsumi Imai and Kimi Akita doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.4ea61aa9 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Sound Symbolism" by Mutsumi Imai and Kimi Akita. Sound symbolism is the nonarbitrary association between (speech) sound and meaning. The association may be iconic (i.e., based on resemblance, as with beep for a high electronic noise and zigzag for a

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 09/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 08/09/2026

The brain’s continuous monitoring of internal physiological states may be the fundamental mechanism that grounds our sense of self. Interoception by Catherine Tallon-Baudry doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.84963756 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Interoception" by Catherine Tallon-Baudry. Interoception refers to how the brain senses, consciously or unconsciously, physiological signals coming from inside the body. It includes a broad range of signals, mechanisms, and functions. It infor

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 08/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 07/09/2026

While humans often assume they have direct access to their inner lives, cognitive science suggests our self-reports are frequently post hoc… Introspection by Jérôme Sackur doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.a685b0e0 #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Introspection" by Jérôme Sackur. Introspection (etymologically, “looking inward”) refers to the ability to access one’s own mental life and the results thereof. It stands in contrast to perception, the ability to connect with the wor

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 07/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 04/09/2026

Brain research reveals that our neural systems treat human interaction as a distinct computational process, separate from general reasoning. Social Cognitive Neuroscience by Rebecca Saxe doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.0276fa5e #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Social Cognitive Neuroscience" by Rebecca Saxe. People spend a lot of their brain energy thinking about people. Social cognitive neuroscience is the field of research that investigates how this works. Research in this field asks questions about the

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 04/09/2026

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 03/09/2026

Distinguishing between involuntary displays and flexible, intentional signals remains central to understanding whether human language evolved from… Primate Communication by Katja Liebal doi.org/10.21428/e2759450.54c9be0b #CognitiveScience

Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: "Primate Communication" by Katja Liebal. Comparative psychologists interested in the evolution of human language often aim at identifying potential precursors to human language in other species, so they focus on the communicative systems of

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Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science bot @oecs-bot.bsky.social · 03/09/2026

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