Purpose Siblings of individuals with disabilities, including autism, often plan to assume future caregiving roles. Yet, most extant research relies on convenience samples wherein the autistic brother/...

Background Adults with intellectual disability experience significant health issues that increase with age. Longitudinal analyses offer important evidence on how the trajectories of these conditions...

This scoping review evaluates clinical diagnoses associated with the terms neurodivergence and neurodiversity in the empirical mental health literature.

Purpose The current study aimed to examine item-level sex differences in the diagnostic measures of ASD traits for children and adolescents referred for an ASD evaluation. By including all those refer...

Catatonia occurs disproportionately in autistic individuals and may respond to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), yet prior reports suggest greater treatment burden in this population. We compared long....

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition with complex genetic and environmental underpinnings. A clinically significant subset of children with ASD experience de...

Tourette Syndrome (TS) occupies an ambiguous position in what Thomas (1999) calls the ‘borderlands’ of disability. Although TS involves pain, injury, and social exclusion, its classification as a d...

Background Assessing movement disorders—side effects of antipsychotics—can be challenging in people with intellectual disabilities. This systematic literature review aims to provide a comprehensive ...

This case-control study investigates changes in the associations between prediagnostic characteristics and diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (AS...

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Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurogenetic condition marked by frequent smiling and laughter. Early descriptions portrayed these expressions as inapprop…

Antidepressant prescribing and autism diagnoses have increased in recent years. We aimed to describe and compare trends in antidepressant prescribing, indications, doses and durations in autistic and...

Research on genetic syndromes is vital to our understanding of how development unfolds, but the rarity of genetic syndromes can mean that studies are carried out with small sample sizes. Small sampl.....

Background Learning disability registers in UK primary care support proactive care, but under-identification remains substantial. The 2019 NHS Long Term Plan introduced targets to increase enrolment. ...

In response to the Special Issue question ‘Are things getting better?’, this article contends that the political power of disabled people in the UK has deteriorated due to the state’s co-optation o...

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Adult autism services research is plagued by methodological challenges, including difficulty obtaining representative or heterogeneous samples and a frequent mi...

Autism screening aids in early detection and diagnosis. Several screeners are available for toddlers 16 months and older, but there is little data on the accuracy of screening measures used in the fi....

Background Down syndrome (DS) entails widespread age-related functional decline affecting multiple organ systems, including genetically determined early-onset Alzheimer disease (DSAD), resulting in ...

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Sleep disorders are a core feature of Angelman syndrome (AS), affecting approximately 80% of individuals. They typically manifest as insomnia and disr…

Our objective was to describe how distance to specialty clinics and availability of primary care providers affects health and service use for adults with Down s...

Language trajectories in autism are highly heterogeneous and cannot be captured by unidimensional classifications. Research and clinical practice often rely on verbal/non-verbal or speaking/non-speak...

Background The effects of fragile X syndrome (FXS) reach beyond the individual with the condition, profoundly influencing the well-being of caregivers and family members. The aim of this review is t...

Purpose Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be especially sensitive to early screen exposure due to sensory and emotional vulnerabiliti...

Background This study aimed to examine the types and frequency of challenging behaviours (CB) among students with intellectual and developmental disabilities in special education schools and identif.....

Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis examined vaccine hesitancy and related vaccination behaviours in autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-related populations. We aimed to quantify the burden of...

Background Structured medication reviews (SMRs) were introduced into primary care in England in 2020 for patients living with multiple long-term conditions (MLTC), polypharmacy, increased frailty, in ...

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Purpose To assess the current level of evidence supporting the distinct diagnosis of PDA by evaluating the use of the diagnostic tools currently available. Methods A comprehensive search of three bibl...

Purpose Whether autism is increasing is a subject of growing interest to researchers, health and social care professionals, policymakers, and the general public. We examined trends over time in the pr...

Background Early discontinuation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication is common and linked to worse outcomes. Identifying clinical predictors could aid personalised treatment ...

Background Paid carers supporting men with Intellectual and Developmental Disability and Harmful Sexual Behaviour face complex challenges which can affect the carers well-being and quality of care f...

This Viewpoint highlights the determinants of treatment thresholds that should be considered for psychiatric care and explores the implications of recent developments in clinimetrics in this field.

Background Williams syndrome (WS) is a relatively rare neurodevelopmental condition characterised by distinctive cognitive and behavioural phenotypes, including restricted and repetitive behaviours ...

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Purpose This study investigated the multiple components of flexibility in autistic children with and without co-occurring ADHD, and their associations with social functioning. We aimed to determine AD...

Objectives We compared two measures of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)—the NIAS and the PARDI-AR-Q to determine which demonstrates better psychometric and clinical utility. Metho...

Purpose Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is characterized by prominent difficulties with affective perspective-taking, which have been mainly investigated through autistic individuals’ behavioral and e...

Background Pica, the persistent ingestion of non-nutritive substances, poses significant health risks for individuals with intellectual disabilities yet remains under-recognised, particularly in hom...

While repetitive movements are recognized as a diagnostic hallmark of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in frameworks such as the DSM and ICD, other motor disturbances, including gait atypicalities and ....

One of the most influential attempts to characterize and explain the perceptual atypicalities of autism, as well as their relationship to the linguistic and soc...

Autistic children often show reduced theory of mind (ToM). However, existing ToM measures neither sufficiently distinguish ToM ability from performance nor interpret both scores effectively, limiting...

This cohort study investigates changes in the genetic risk profile of individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over years with incr...

Background People with intellectual disabilities continue to experience stigmatisation, yet little is known about how they manage or resist stigma. The present study aimed to qualitatively explore s.....