Background Perceived trustworthiness of research may be influenced by factors beyond the risk of bias, including study-related characteristics, research context, and external circumstances.…

In academia, the curriculum vitae (CV) is the central document used for hiring, promotion, or tenure applications. The content and format of these CVs and accompanying documents varies among…

Concerns about misinformation and disinformation have become central to debates in medicine and health, science, and public policy. Many people hold inaccurate beliefs about scientific evidence,…

Recent technological advances are enabling a growing number of large-scale glycomics studies. This Review discusses the challenges in high-throughput glycoanalytical methods with special attention to…

fMRI research is highly prolific but raises multiple concerns. Many competing statistical methods and respective packages are available using different assumptions, none of which applies equally we...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly…

The terms ‘personalized’, individualized’ and ‘precision’ are increasingly used to describe interventions, yet their operational meaning is often unclear. Despite extensive conceptual debate, no…

This cohort study evaluates the author and publication characteristics of retracted randomized clinical trials.

Background Scale-up penalty, a common phenomenon in which the promising effects found in early preliminary studies are substantially reduced when evaluated in a subsequent larger trial, can stall the…

This meta-epidemiological assessment evaluates the reliability of the Global Burden of Disease risk factor estimates for mortality and disability-adjusted life-years.

Large effect sizes (ESs), especially when prominently presented in trial abstracts, draw large attention, but it is important to understand whether they are trustworthy. We aimed to assess indicators…

An exposome-wide association study of 619 exposures and 305 quantitative phenotypes shows that blood lipids, persistent pollutants and vitamin E are key contributors to phenotypic health traits.

The development of health care products and devices that could benefit patient care is underpinned by industry and manufacturer innovation. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration…

The terms personalized, individualized and precision medicine are increasingly used to describe health interventions, yet their operational meaning in clinical research remains unclear. Despite…

Importance Multiple retractions from the same author often uncover issues affecting their entire work, such as having systematically altered or fabricated data. Objectives Evaluate the contribution…

Background Democracy and freedom of press may affect how science is prioritized, produced, communicated and disseminated. We aimed to map the production of scientific publications worldwide in terms…

In death certificates Entity Axis reflects reported death causes in their original order, and Record Axis reflects standardized re-classifications processed with expert rules. Additionally, while…

Background: Evaluation of institutions typically try to measure impact in various ways but pay little or no attention to research integrity and adjustment for institutional size. Here, we aimed to generate...

Importance Over several decades there have been extensive debates on the use and misuse of statistical significance. It would be important to capture what P -values are reported in biomedical papers…

<p><span>Science journalism has an illustrious history of service to science and society but has also faced many challenges in its mission. Diverse types of sci

We conducted an umbrella review to synthesize the evidence on the effectiveness of interventions incorporating wrist-worn wearables' feedback on diverse health outcomes including health promotion…

Background: Risk of bias assessment tools like ROBINS-I have been developed to identify biases in non-randomized studies of interventions. However, additional factors related to study design, reporting,...

Background Democracy and freedom of press may affect how science is prioritized, produced, communicated and disseminated. We aimed to map the production of scientific publications worldwide in terms…

Importance Multiple retractions from the same author often uncover issues affecting their entire work, such as having systematically altered or fabricated data. Objectives Evaluate the contribution…

Background Public information on US clinical trials is shared through the ClinicalTrials.gov registry. This study’s goal was to determine prospective registration, results reporting, trial…

Pandemic preparedness has focused overwhelmingly on vaccines, leaving antivirals development underfunded, delayed, and fragmented. Drawing on COVID-19 less

npj Aging - Reporting quality, effect sizes, and biases for aging interventions: a methodological appraisal of the DrugAge database

Background Health authorities, such as the European Medicines Agency (EMA), inspect clinical sites performing clinical trials and occasionally find evidence of substantial departures from Good…

Standardized information on the size of institutions and on their concentration of high-impact scientists is missing. Here, we generate institution-level data on 6,979 institutions with >=50 authors…

OBJECTIVES Large effect sizes (ESs), especially when prominently presented in trial abstracts, draw large attention, but it is important to understand whether they are trustworthy. We aimed to assess…

Objective The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize evidence from all RCTs to-date on the efficacy of polygenic risk score (PRS) communication in changing health…

Non-genetic exposures—including nutrients, lifestyle factors, consumables, and pollutants—contribute substantially to phenotypic variation. Most studies assess only a few candidate exposures or…

Importance The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study provides widely used estimates of mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to risk factors. Objective To evaluate the…