iiinova — where your digital self keeps evolving

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 08/09/2025

Japan's Specified Skilled Worker scheme private sector actors to partner with public training orgs in origin countries to be able to secure qualifying workers. Firms like MOS (hamburger chain), Zenken (healthcare and hospitality), Persol (agriculture), etc., with Vietnam, Indonesia, India... 6/

Images representing different private Japanese actors conducting training of labour migrants in origin:
Support for Recruiting Overseas Caregiving Talent
https://www.zenken.co.jp/en/human-resources/services/
https://www.zenken.co.jp/news/4733
MOS Food Services hamburger chain runs a program called “Viet Nam Kazoku” with Danang Vocational Tourism College
https://www.mos.co.jp/company/pr_pdf/pr_191015_1.pdf
① Interested students study Japanese language, the food service industry, and MFC (MOS Food Culture) at the Danang National Tourism College.
② take the specialized skills test for the food service industry in Vietnam.
③ work at MOS Burger restaurants in Japan as full-time, regular employees.
④ After working for a maximum of 5 years, return to Vietnam.
⑤ after returning to Vietnam, can aim to work for MOS Burger in other Asian countries.

PERSOL Global Workforce in January 2023 signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Indonesian Centre for Agricultural Education (ICAE), an affiliate of the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, to launch a project aimed at developing and employing agricultural talent.
https://persol-gw.co.jp/news/1165/

000

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 08/09/2025

Who pays for training when it’s only for a job abroad? In Asia, new skills-based schemes require workers to meet national language or skills requirements. Employers and placement agencies now paying to train in origin. Development agencies also getting involved. Some examples in this report 5/

A group of Vietnamese people clapping in a Japanese conference room. From Nippon Television 20/05/2022 English language service video of a piece on https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mwF63H9ykNo
Mos Burger store operator Mos Food Services hires Vietnamese employees as part of an educational partnership with Danang Vocational Tourism College in Viet Nam.

Image of 3 men welding. A photo from a Swiss-development-cooperation funded program in Nepal focused on upgrading skills for migration. For more information: https://www.sami.org.np/access-to-skills

110

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 03/09/2025

For historical reasons, temporary labour migration to Canada doesn't have Asia as the main continent of origin - but the share of Asia in has been increasing, jumping from 35% of the total in 2023 to 41% in 2024. India accounted for 21% in 2024, and Philippines 12%. 4/

Figure 1.11: Temporary Foreign Worker Admissions in Canada by Nationality, 2016–2024

220

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 02/09/2025

Labor migration from Asia to non-Asian OECD countries largely goes to USA, CAN, GBR, AUS, not EU. Labor migration to the United Kingdom from Asia down 37% in 2024, but 2023 was a record high. Big part of this is the boom in health and care worker visas in 2023 (now over). 3/

Figure 1.8: Labor Migration from Asia to the United Kingdom, 2015–2024
UK Employment-Based Entry Clearance Visas Issued - Main applicant
oe.cd/69V

Figure 1.9: Health and Care Worker Visas issued 2020–2024, by Origin and Category
oe.cd/69V

210

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 02/09/2025

The number of foreigners employed in Asian destination economies is increasing fast from 2023 to 2024. For OECD countries: Japan +12% Korea +9% For non-OECD economies Taipei,China +9% Singapore +3% 2/

Figure 1.2: Japan, Stock of Foreigners Employed, 2015–2024
Figure 1.4: Republic of Korea, Stock of Foreigners Employed, 2015–2024

110

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 02/09/2025

We collect and compile origin and destination country data on labour migration in Asia. Some findings in this thread. Deployments from Asian origin countries down 7% in 2024. Bangladesh -22% (not going to Oman, Malaysia) Pakistan -16% (to KSA instead of UAE, Qatar) Nepal -7% 1/

Figure 1.1: Total Outflows of Workers from Selected Asian Countries, 2012–2024, from www.oecd.org/en/publications/labor-migration-in-asia_0360fe19-en.html
Rebound from Covid collapse in 2022-2023, but slight drop to 6.5M in 2024.

272

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 21/08/2025

JCER/Nikkei asked Japanese economists about their views on foreign residents policies. jcer.or.jp/english/does... Consensus on ⬆️ impact on living standard, fiscal balance Interest in link between real estate prices and migration - growing in lots of countries

Chart. When asked whether it is desirable to strengthen regulations on real estate purchases by foreigners and foreign companies, 32% responded “agree” (34% after weighting), while a total of 21% answered “strongly disagree” or “disagree” (30% after weighting). The most common response was “uncertain,” accounting for 40% (36% after weighting).

Original x.com screenshot from @nikkeicenter 当センターと日本経済新聞社が経済学者を対象に経済政策などに対する評価を聞く「エコノミクスパネル」の7回調査では、外国人政策に関して尋ねました。
『外国人増加、「日本人の生活水準向上に寄与」が８割　不動産購入の規制強化は見方分
https://t.co/XVgb1PaF4vかれる』

010

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 27/07/2025

This Review covers policy gaps revealed by recent boom in labour migration to Romania. Placement agencies employ many migrants and find them work via platforms. "Unusual", not aligned with LMT principle. OECD recommends that platform work should not be grounds for issuance of work permits.

Two charts from the publication: Figure 4.5 Panel A and B. The sharp increase in foreign workers is driven by workers from Nepal and Sri Lanka.
A. Nationality of third-country nationals holding valid residence permits for employment, 2022-24
B. Residence permits issued for employment by nationality, 2014-23
Source: General Inspectorate for Immigration (Panel A) and Eurostat dataset: First permits issued for remunerated activities by reason, length of validity and citizenship (Panel B).
The figures and underlying data can be downloaded at https://stat.link/ufia8y

110

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 11/07/2025

For the figures (except figure 4) do switchers include those who abandoned their studies before graduating to switch to a care worker?

200

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 03/03/2025

Jasper, "migration background" includes German-born children of immigrants, no? can you separate out German-born from foreign-born and how does that change the story?

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 18/02/2025

Blackness does a lot of heavy lifting symbolically for migration in Europe. This stock photo (I leave it to you to guess the keywords) pops up every few months in German media articles on migration topics like "Germany's lack of skilled workers hurting its economy". www.dw.com/en/germanys-...

Stock photo by Sven Hoppe/dpa/picture alliance showing a the hands of a black man using a spotless Knipex "Made in Germany" wrench to twist a brass pipe faucet fitting. Blue collar work clothes visible, blurred factory background. (Not clear that the wrench is being used to perform any useful task, however). Used as thumbnail for link to video on "Germany's lack of skilled workers hurting its economy"

050

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 31/01/2025

Latest figures on number of foreigners employed in Japan show 12% annual increase to 2.3M. Much of the increase is in Technical Interns (to transition to new programme) and in the new SSW route (+50% to 200K) Still only 3.5% of total employment but trend is clear.

Chart showing Stock of foreigners employed in Japan, 2015-2024.
Chart shows steady increase from 908K to 2.3M over the period. The categories which increased the most are Technical Interns and Other Professionals.
Source: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Japan. Figures for October of each year.
For more information see OECD (2024), Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Japan, doi.org/10.1787/0e5a10e3-en

020

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 12/12/2024

14th annual conference CEPII-OECD Conference "#Immigration in OECD Countries" kicks off with a keynote from Leah Boustan "Where are the Streets of Gold? Immigrants Success in the US and Europe"

Photo of keynote (Leah Platt Boustan) from the 14th annual CEPII-OECD Conference on Immigration in OECD countries.

Photo of opening panel (Antoine Bouët, Jean-Christophe Dumont, Christina Gathmann and Hillel Rapoport)

040

Reposted by Jonathan Chaloff

Sebastian Königs @sebkoenigs.bsky.social · 04/12/2024

🚨 We are hiring! The #OECD is looking to hire one or several Economists / Policy Analysts to work on labour market and social policy, including on #inequalities. The vacancy is open until 3 January 2025. Please spread the word, retweet and apply! #EconSky smrtr.io/pfCMb

smrtr.io

Economist(s) / Policy Analyst(s)

Company Description: The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organisation of 38 member countries that works to build better policies for better lives. Our...

14335

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 29/11/2024

Iraq opened a one-month regularisation window for workers from Syria, Bangladesh, Pakistan. Iraq's Minister of Labour said last week there are 800K-1M foreign workers in irregular status. Also many legal FWs, including in domestic sector. AFP piece: www.france24.com/en/live-news...

france24.com

Iraq tries to stem influx of illegal foreign workers

Rami, a Syrian worker in Iraq, spends his 16-hour shifts at a restaurant fearing arrest as authorities crack down on undocumented migrants in the country better known for its own exodus.

060

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 18/11/2024

Se avete perso la presentazione dell'International Migration Outlook 2024 in italiano, il video dell'incontro è disponibile su YouTube. www.youtube.com/watch?v=hIxP...

youtube.com

La migrazione: cambiamenti in corso. Presentazione del Rapporto OCSE 2024

YouTube video by CeSPI Centro Studi di Politica Internazionale

000

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 14/11/2024

The 2024 International Migration Outlook is available for free download now! I'll be skeeting some of the more interesting parts in this 380 page tome but here are some headline figures. www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issue...

030

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 11/11/2024

Migration Nerds! It's the time of year you get ready to read what's in the annual OECD International Migration Outlook. 14 November 11AM CET Stats, trends in flows, policy trends, analysis... Livestream: brnw.ch/21wOvBb Plus it'll be free to download from www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issue... !

Cover page of the 2024 OECD International Migration Outlook

0115

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 28/10/2024

Presentiamo: ⚫️le ultime tendenze migratorie nei paesi Ocse ⚫i cambiamenti nelle politiche migratorie ⚫️l'evoluzione degli esiti dei migranti La presentazione in Italia del rapporto Ocse coincide col lancio mondiale dell'International Migration Outlook 2024. 14 novembre, Roma🔽

Locandina LA MIGRAZIONE: CAMBIAMENTI IN CORSO
Presentazione del rapporto OCSE - Prospettive sulle Migrazioni 2024 - Giovedì 14 novembre 2024 - Ore 15.30 - Europa Experience David Sassoli, Piazza Venezia 6 - Roma

111

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 16/10/2024

For anyone with in-depth knowledge of migration/integration policies, the International Migration Division at OECD has vacancies! Background in economics, public policy, socsci, law, etc. Quantitative skills help but looking for range of profiles Apply jobs.smartrecruiters.com/OECD/7440000...

jobs.smartrecruiters.com

Policy Analyst

Company Description: The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organisation comprised of 38 member countries, that works to build better policies for better...

033

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 14/10/2024

The world's largest (and only) migration statistics conference - more than 500 participants, dozens of sessions - will be in Malmö, Sweden, 16-18 June 2025 Co-organised by OECD, IOM and UNDESA. Paper/Session proposals can be submitted by 1 December.⬇️ oe.cd/ifms-2025

032

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 01/10/2024

Most countries have labour market tests before authorising work permits for foreigners. But do these work??? What happens if we cancel them? (I spend a LOT of time on this question) Finally, a study of effects of lifting the LMT on flows & earnings! labore.fi/julkaisu/reg...

labore.fi

Regulating Labor Immigration: The Effects of Lifting Labor Market Testing - Työn ja talouden tutkimus LABORE

Tarkastelemme ulkomaalaisen työvoiman saatavuusharkinnan poistamisen vaikutuksia Suomessa hyödyntäen alueellista vaihtelua saatavuusharkinnasta vapautetuissa ammateissa. Käytämme yksilö- ja yritystaso...

000

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 27/09/2024

A reminder to be very careful with your logframes, you don't want to end up being Box 10 of the European Court of Auditors report on the EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF) www.eca.europa.eu/en/news/NEWS...

000

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 09/09/2024

One observation is that offering tax relief to a broad range of migrants is rare. Portugal's tax relief for non-habitual residents (NHR) was worth almost €1bn in 2020. Most eligibility ended this year. But the *targeted* relief remains. www.reuters.com/world/europe... 6/

Chart showing number of beneficiaries of "non-habitual resident tax relief" in Portugal, 2009-2020. Number is close to zero from 2009-2012 but rises sharply to hit almost 12,000 in 2019 before declining to 9,000 in 2020.

000

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 09/09/2024

Difficulty in figuring out cost/benefit may be why so many "tax relief for migrants" programmes in OECD countries change so often - rolled back, adjusted, contingented, sunset... And the idea keeps coming back 5/ www.dw.com/en/germany-m...

dw.com

Germany mulls new tax rebates for skilled foreign workers

The German government wants to grant skilled foreign workers tax relief if they take up employment in Germany. But some critics have described the idea as "socially explosive."

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 09/09/2024

Public evaluation of tax reliefs for migrants is scarce/absent. Targeted programmes can attract more workers (Kleven, Stantcheva, Landais, Muñoz; Timm, Giuliodori, @mullerpaul.bsky.social) or increase productivity (Malchow-Møller,Munch, Skaksen) But how to target? 4/

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 09/09/2024

OECD countries offer different types of tax relief for migrants. Flat tax - 6 countries Exemptions - 10 countries (example Sweden below) Deductions - 5 countries These aren't massive programmes numerically, but they aren't insignificant and can look costly. 3/

Image of chart showing Grants of tax relief by category, 2012-
2023, Sweden, climbing from about 600 annually in 2012 to 1300 in 2023.

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 09/09/2024

The Italian "impatriate" regimes: average unadjusted relief for beneficiaries is now about €30K/year. (Bassetto & Ippedico 2024 say: eligible more likely to return) So did the regime *bring* 240 million in tax in 2021? Or would those people have come anyway, so relief *cost* 700 million? 2/

Chart showing increasing number of beneficiaries of the Italian "Impatriate" tax regime, 2011-2021, from about 2,000 to more than 22,000

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 09/09/2024

"You couldn't pay me to move there". Yet many OECD countries do just that: offer tax relief for migrants and returning nationals. Does it work? Is it worth the cost? This brief explores the question doi.org/10.1787/5a23... 1/

Screenshot of the first page of OECD Migration Policy Debate No. 35 "Why do OECD countries offer tax relief programmes to attract foreign migrants and returning nationals?”

130

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 25/01/2024

What we can learn from experiences of return migration - spontaneous, assisted, forced, etc. - to inform policy development in migration and development? What role of family, community? 31.1.24 14h CET To get link to hear findings from 4 workshops & new research, see alt-text

Invite to the launch event of OECD report on "Return, Reintegration and Re-migration: Understanding Return Dynamics and the Role of Family and Community".
31.1.24, 14h-15h15 CET, Zoom.
During the event, the OECD Secretariat will present the main findings of the report. There will be discussion where participants can share perspectives on the implications of the report and potential avenues for action.
Please confirm your attendance by sending an e-mail to return&reintegration@oecd.org.
The zoom link and detailed agenda for the launch event will be sent to you.

000

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 25/01/2024

How do OECD countries respond to domestic violence against migrants? Many offer special visas or conditions, but protection of survivors varies in terms of eligibility, duration and other aspects. This brief compares and analyses these protections. www.oecd.org/migration/mi...

Cover Page: Migrants, especially women, are particularly at risk of violence and abuse. Among the social and economic factors making women vulnerable to gender-based violence, including within the private or family sphere, is their migration status. Partly spurred by international human rights instruments, OECD countries are taking action to protect victims/survivors and empower migrant spouses and families who have experienced domestic violence. Beside prosecuting or convicting perpetrators, many OECD countries have reformed or adapted immigration legislation to both encourage victims to report domestic violence and to support law enforcement authorities in their efforts to prosecute gender-based crimes.
This Migration Policy Debates gives an overview of the range of protection available for migrants who have experienced domestic
violence in OECD countries. The brief also addresses the shortcomings surrounding migration procedures and provides some policy
recommendations

000

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 20/12/2023

There will almost certainly be more migrants in Korea in 10 years, although it’s hard to say how many. “Planning” is about more than numbers. What are the issues which will have to be addressed? Some of these questions covered in this interview. 9/9 t.co/RTZnC8ObQT

t.co

"외국인 가사근로자 오면 출산율 오른다고? 일부 상류층만 이용할 것"

초저출생 문제 해결을 위해 도입되는 ‘외국인 가사근로자’ 제도가 실제로는 출산율을 높이는 데 도움이 되지 않을 것이라는 분석이 나왔습니다. 2023...

000

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 20/12/2023

(and even if migrants doing housework boost native fertility slightly, if housekeepers aren’t having children, that lowers the overall rate - unless we ignore the migrants) 8/9

Icons showing 4 professional women and 2 babies, then 4 professional women, 2 housekeepers, and 2.5 babies.

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 20/12/2023

(Obligatory side note: Korean men do relatively less housework than in most other OECD countries – increasing this might be another means to substitute women’s housework?) 7/9

Time spent on unpaid work by partnered men and women aged 25-44 with at least one child aged 0-17 , in minutes per day, latest year available
Shows gap between men and women: big everywhere but especially in Korea
Source: OECD (2016) Dare to Share: Germany's Experience Promoting Equal Partnership in Families, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264259157-en

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 20/12/2023

Meanwhile a Korean government pilot visa for foreign housekeepers is meant to boost fertility Thin literature on migrant impact on native fertility (citing D. Furtado et al.) But *introducing* migrant domestic workers specifically to boost fertility is… unusual 6/9 t.co/Y3L2liVF5z

t.co

Fertility Responses of High-Skilled Native Women to Immigrant Inflows

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 20/12/2023

In Korea, despite wage threshold for family reunification, labour migrants can still have babies or form family with each other Long-term social/demographic consequences of labour migration not on radar Have to plan for that! Benefit system based on citizenship, so migrants=poor 5/9 t.co/duCilGy6lr

t.co

KPF2023 1부 - 기조 발제 2 ㅣ이주 계획 : OECD 국가의 정책 의도 및 실제 결과 #��...

2023 대한민국 인구포럼1부 기조 발제 2ㅣSession1 - Keynote Speech 2▶ 조나단샤로프 OECD 수석정책분석관▶ 이주 계획 : OECD 국가의 정책 의도 및 실제 결과모��...

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 20/12/2023

Korea raised annual quota in 2023 for temp workers to stay (E-7-4) from 2K to 35K That could immediately more than double the number of E-7 workers Who can potentially stay indefinitely (But to bring family or become permanent residents, they must meet income thresholds) 4/9

Korea: E-7-4 Skilled Worker Visa Conversion annual quota (from non-professional worker)
Shows increase in 2023 of bridge from E-9 to E-7-4.
Source: Korea Immigration Service. Stock includes all categories of E-7; until 2022, most were E-7-1. 2023 stock is 10/31/23. See also OECD (2019), Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Korea 2019, doi.org/10.1787/9789264307872-en

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 20/12/2023

Foreign-born population increased by about 50% 2012-2022, to 3.5% of population Planned labour migration already expanding in #Korea Record entry quotas for low-skill jobs in 2024: 165K To meet youth cohort gap, expect more to come 3/9

Quotas and actual entries, E-9 non-professional workers, Korea, 2012-2024, thousands
Shows steady quotas 2012-2022 then boom in 2023-2024
Source: Ministry of Employment and Labor. Admissions 2023 through 10/23. See also OECD (2019), Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Korea 2019, doi.org/10.1787/9789264307872-en

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 20/12/2023

What’s in the "national interest" right now (according to government) is securing labour to meet current short-term shortages, so the planning focus is on identifying immediate needs With a shrinking youth cohort, the list of shortages keeps growing 2/9 koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/2023-11...

koreajoongangdaily.joins.com

E-9 visa holders to be able to work in restaurants starting next year

The change in visa policy comes as part of one of 167 regulatory reforms Prime Minister Han Duck-soo announced on Wednesday. The reforms aim to support small and medium-sized business owners and facil...

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 20/12/2023

Korea Population Forum 2023 discussed “migration planning” Why? Falling birth numbers and "risk of extinction“ are hot policy topics 1970 - 1m babies 2002 - 500k 2022 - 250k TFR of 0.78 But what does "migration planning" mean? Let's take a look... 1/9

Screenshot of Prof Youngmi Shin 신영미 (Seoul Nat'l U.) presenting a slide showing the declining birth numbers in South Korea.
From the video at https://www.kpforum.kr/

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 13/12/2023

Recent innovations in Job Search Visas will help better understand how and under what circumstances they can help in labour migration. Evaluation will be important. One lesson is that adjustments should be expected – JSVs are hard to get right on first go. t.co/9jg3pXVeQp

Cover page of OECD Brief: Can Job Search Visas help OECD Countries improve labour migration matching?
https://www.oecd.org/migration/mig/Can-Job-Search-Visas-help-OECD-Countries-improve-labour-migration-matching-MPD-no-33-December-2023.pdf

000

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 13/12/2023

Some of these Job Search Visas filter by “Top University” degrees. Using third-party rankings in migration risk management is surprising.🤔 Commercial rankings may not reflect what JSVs seek. And if these graduates are so great, why do they need JSVs?

Logos of THE world university rankings, QS world university rankings, Shanghai (AWRU) ranking

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 13/12/2023

Job search visas test policy capacity to identify successful candidates Migration authorities don’t like to admit foreigners to wander around looking for jobs, so JSVs are often only for a select few - exactly those who don’t really need them.

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 13/12/2023

Past job search visas in many countries (NOR, DNK, GBR, ITA, ESP, NZL) have been cancelled ▶️Hard to prove success ▶️Lower-than-expected outcomes ▶️Programme management issues (backlogs, integrity) ▶️Overlap with other legal labour migration channels A political hard sell.

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 13/12/2023

Lots of friction in international job matching 🤷Employers like to meet candidates, and don’t like expensive commitments to obtain work permits for unknown foreigners 🤷Workers don't know about employers Addressing these barriers are *part* of the reason for Job Search Visas

Arguments for and against a job-search visa
Yes:
Employers get to meet candidates (more and better matches)
Workers less dependent on employer for visa (more bargaining power)
Faster hiring (worker already present and can start immediately!)
Attract talent who wouldn’t otherwise have come to the country (marketing)
No:
Hard to know which job seekers are likely to succeed
Hard to know how long to give as a job search period
Hard to know where to set a cap on supply-side migration
Job seekers must support themselves during search
Risk that unsuccessful job seekers will fail to depart upon visa expiration
Source: OECD (2023), Can Job Search Visas help OECD Countries improve labour migration matching?
www.oecd.org/migration/mig/Can-Job-Search-Visas-help-OECD-Countries-improve-labour-migration-matching-MPD-no-33-December-2023.pdf

100

Jonathan Chaloff @jonathanchaloff.bsky.social · 13/12/2023

Can Job Search Visas help labour migration matching? Recent JSVs: PT: Procura trabalho, 120 days, for anyone JP: J-Skip – up to 5 years, high-educated, -paid DE: Chancenkarte – 1 year, points-based, skilled SE: High-ed New OECD brief looks at JSVs past and present t.co/9jg3pXVeQp

Screenshots of four different government websites with rules for respective recent Job Search Visa:
Portugal: https://vistos.mne.gov.pt/pt/vistos-nacionais/documentacao-instrutoria/procura-de-trabalho
Germany: www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/gesetzgebungsverfahren/DE/Downloads/referentenentwuerfe/MI3/entw-fachkraefteeinwanderung.pdf
Japan: https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/applications/status/designatedactivities51.html
Sweden: https://www.migrationsverket.se/English/Private-individuals/Working-in-Sweden/Look-for-work-or-start-a-business.html

100