In this paper, we document a tension in the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity: the Code seeks to limit the influence of non-epistemic values, and yet, it recognizes that such values p...

In this commentary, I integrate Bjørn Hofmann’s thorough analysis of polarization in research with two considerations. First, Hofmann defines polarization as characterized by incommensurable positi...

In this commentary, I integrate Bjørn Hofmann’s thorough analysis of polarization in research with two considerations. First, Hofmann defines polarization as characterized by incommensurable positi...

Background: Codes of conduct for research integrity provide ambivalent guidance on the role that the values of society as well as political and economic interests can or should play in scientific r...