iiinova — where your digital self keeps evolving

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 18/12/2025

Does he? I have not seen him denying the severity of COVID-19, not its potential long-term effects. Do you have examples of this? I am sure he blocks, getting people telling you nonsense about your field of expertise is draining. e.g. if you do not understand what is meant with dysregulation.

000

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 18/12/2025

Interesting. Do you mean he does not hold an academic position or he has no PhD? Or, since you mention "complete", he is not both, not an academic and not a PhD? That would be easy to check. Or you mean that you are not knowledgeable, but you object to science and facts based on your ideology?

110

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 09/12/2025

Martin Steiger? @martinsteiger.ch I just ask you to show what is incorrect. Your response is very telling. There is nothing wrong, nothing you could find. You just do not want know the facts. That is why you block as a coward, and run away. @hwiesenmueller.bsky.social, @hanefeldmarc.bsky.social,

000

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 09/12/2025

This is a concerning answer. You make the claim that there was a lot wrong, I ask if you can provide the examples of what was wrong, why, and provide the evidence. To make the claim of sealioning is trying to evade and being dishonest. This strongly suggest you are out of your depth.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 09/12/2025

I haven´t used a Canto for over a decade. There was one when I was an undergraduate student.

111

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 09/12/2025

It would be helpful if you could provide examples where he was incorrect, show why he was incorrect, and provide the evidence for this. It seems you moan a bit because you don´t understand his field of science. I do, and I can´t discover particular wrongs. marcveldhoen.substack.com/p/what-will-...

marcveldhoen.substack.com

What will population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 look like in a post-vaccine world?

An updated outlook (2025)

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 08/12/2025

Unfortunately, not very carefully. They used three independent cohorts, this is not a longitudinal study. There are many more elderly in the infected group. The results very clearly show the numbers of immune cells recover fully. They are also functioning very well as shown by many other labs.

161

Reposted by Immune SciComm

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

This is a publication that I have seen being explained online very badly. To be honest, the authors are not helping with their writing. Distinct characteristics of T cell receptor repertoire associated with the SARS-CoV-2 reinfection www.frontiersin.org/journals/imm...

133

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 05/11/2025

Just when someone responds positively, they want to understand more, claim to want to follow more immunologists, they remove all their posts from the conversation and block? I don´t understand these people.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

You are an outlier, together with a few others. This happened in a short space of time, the pandemic. You found each other because you started to pay attention to it. Now it seems there are many cases, but it remains rare and not limited to COVID-19.

110

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

It is very rare, and happens when there is a strong immune reaction. It can be triggered by many different infections but also food (allergies), environmental factors and stress. It is not new, and not unique for COVID-19.

000

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

It is the same as for other infections, especially influenza. Viruses induce interferons, when this builds up, your immune system will be inhibited to avoid damaging you. This can result in secondary infections. www.nature.com/articles/nri...

nature.com

Type I interferons in infectious disease - Nature Reviews Immunology

Type I interferons have multiple direct and indirect effects on immune cells during infectious diseases. For the most part, they protect the host against infection, but they can also have adverse effe...

010

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

Not wanting to be cheeky, but not attacking those with a lot of knowledge, but engaging in why they claim what they claim and weighing up their experience and deep knowledge, would be a good start.

010

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

I did not write it is good (evolutionary it was). What I wrote is there can be disadvantages. The reason is that viruses will keep infecting. When you regularly encounter them, you keep your immunity high. When you are shielded for some time, the infection may make you more ill.

020

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

Clean air is good, it will only reduce risk in some spaces. It is different from water, with specific end points. Air is everywhere, and respiratory viruses will keep infecting. Reduction can have disadvantages as well, as iGAS and RSV, possibly VZV show.

130

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

It gives the information explaining why there was an uplift in cases in that specific age group and time. Hence, it does not need to show more. What you seem to think is a "got you" is not an argument at all.

010

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

Depending on mutations of the microorganism, in the paper the virus SARS-COV-2, the repertoire will be tweaked as well. The paper actually shows a very normal immune response. There is no concern about our repertoires at all!

220

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

There are more complications to do with our genes needed to select the TCRs, which are different between people, with a degree of chance involved as well. This makes which parts of the microorganism that is recognised different per person, and these parts can be more or less dominant.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

This happens with every infection. There are some more nuances. Not all the cells that initially expand will become memory cells and not all memory cells will respond upon reinfection. Hence, the repertoires will not be identical.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

But, then there is the contraction phase, and many of the newly expanded T cells die, the repertoire seems more broad again. This is the HC group, 9 months after infection. Then, there is a reinfection, the RI group. The TCRs respond again: repertoire seems reduced. This is the general principle.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

This time you find 2 colours, repertoire = 2. If we replace M&Ms by T cells, there are many, many more "colours" or TCRs. We have a broad repertoire. Then we get infected, and a few of the TCRs are multiplied, when we sample the repertoire it seems reduced. This is the PI group in the paper.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

Although all colours are still present, green dominates and make it seem as if the repertoire of colours has reduced. You will now eat, selectively, many green M&Ms. You sample 20 M&Ms again, and see all colours, repertoire = 6. You add another bag of green M&Ms, and sample 20 MM&Ms again.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

What happens if you take, at random 20 M&Ms from the initial bag of M&Ms? From the 6 colours, you likely see all 6. You count the repertoire = 6. After adding a large bag with greens, you pick 20 M&M again, the likelihood is you will see a lot of green M&Ms, maybe 2 other colours: repertoire = 3.

110

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

Think of it as colours. Imagine you have a large bag with M&Ms of all 6 colours . Your colour repertoire is high (6). The bag gets invaded by something, and only the green M&M respond by multiplying! Like adding a bag of green M&Ms.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

This gives you the advantage next time. The cells are already with many more, at places where you could be infected again, and they are fully functional. This is what immunologists refer to as immunity: very good protection against getting ill when you are re-infected. What about the repertoire?

110

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

This multiplication is called clonal expansion. It costs a lot of energy to make all these new cells, and you cannot keep them. The majority will die when the infection is cleared. This is called retraction. However, you keep several of these cells as part of your memory pool.

110

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

You do that by making these specific T cells, not all the others, multiply. Each daughter cell has the same TCR, recognises the same, and mostly only, the microorganism that infected you. However, this takes time, several weeks. That is why a vaccine only works after about 14 days.

110

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

This is good and not so good. It is good because this makes sure you always have a few T cells that will recognise a new microorganism or virus that infects you, even if you have never encountered it before. It is not so good, because you only have few of these T cells. This you compensate for.

110

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

First it is important to understand what a T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is. A T cell has a TCR that is nearly unique compared to all the other T cells. Each T cell has a TCR, and you have 100s millions of T cells. Collectively, this is the repertoire. The more unique TCRs, the broader it is.

110

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

133

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 04/11/2025

When you don´t like bad data, it seems strange to show a graph end of 2025, which runs to 2023? The reason for the two infections there was a noticeable bounce back for, in a particular age group, is well explained. jamanetwork.com/journals/jam...

jamanetwork.com

Immunity to S pyogenes and Common Respiratory Viruses at Age 0 to 4 Years

This cross-sectional study examines changes in immunity to Streptococcus pyogenes and other common respiratory pathogens among young children in 10 European countries after the introduction of nonphar...

011

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 01/11/2025

What a strange response! Why would you accuse me of being someone else? You are very wrong, wrong country, wrong age and even wrong sex. Why not just address the question? Why would you desperately avoid facts?

000

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 01/11/2025

I know you are not qualified by your posts. "we do not understand everything" is a dogmatic response. Did infection with a new coronavirus cause anything, anything at all, unexpected? It did not. To claim "we do not fully understand" is the same tactic antivaccine groups use. We do understand.

000

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 31/10/2025

Does it? It shows T cells specific for the virus expand upon infection (PI), then reduce again with some (not all) surviving as memory cells (HC), which are expanding again (not all) upon reinfection (RI). That is entirely normal, does not show any "stuff your immune system", the very opposite.

000

Reposted by Immune SciComm

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 28/10/2025

Did you read the paper? Do you know that T cells get activated upon an infection, but only those specific for the infection? That these rapidly proliferate? That is what you see in the PI group. Isn´t that how it should be?

101

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

To then see the original frustrated account holder complain that their grievances are not dealt with by the same people they keep insulting, harassing and trying to damage. I wonder why that is.

000

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

These explanations hold when you check learned societal webpages, the manuals and books used in education, and with the vast majority of publications and observations. It is striking that this is all ignored. That the bad claims and false information are even propagated over good information.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

That does not mean mistakes can´t be made, we all do. But when checking the persons being attacked, I see a lot of effort to explain time and time again, with great knowledge and ability, why some claims hold and others are not true. They do that with evidence, examples, and with references to works

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

It is so cringeworthy to see people make claims that an expert is wrong, doesn´t know or understand, makes particular mistakes. But when asking for examples, there is no evidence of this. No evidence of being wrong, of not understanding or of mistakes.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

Without this focus, what would we do? Try, at random, things in the hope of some unlikely success? Is that the best path forward? Or would good information, selecting the good and possible from the bad and fantasy be helpful in finding much needed solutions?

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

Should experts dispel bad information, correct untruths, explain the knowledge base? I think they should, if they wish and have the inclination. In doing so, they can reduce false hopes, can focus the attention of public, politicians and funders to the potential issues at hand.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

in control of budgets. Scientists who can map the problems, molecular pathways, and test ideas and solutions. But, they undergo constant personal attacks on their expertise and knowledge. Then you have to ask yourself. Is attacking experts with required knowledge to find solutions the best tactic?

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

A common denominator seems frustration. Those with frustrations take it out on others. The problem is, this will help nobody, besides maybe some temporal relieve by the frustrated actor. What they do is attack those that actually can help them, journalist who can highlight their plights. Politicians

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

The amount of bad actors on X was large. But after browsing around this platform for the past few days again, I have to admit, it is not much better here. There are many personal attacks on scientists, journalists and other personalities. I wonder why that is.

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

In other words, do you think telling untruths is a good path to finding solutions to real problems? Or do you think experts with domain knowledge actually should dispel bad information so that the focus, time, money, can be on finding real solutions?

000

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

To then again claim "He dismisses every single piece of evidence and offers no explanations saying "shit happens". Is that true? Did he say that? It is possible to dispel bad and incorrect claims, without having to supply solutions to something nobody has answers to?

100

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 30/10/2025

Okay, so if you can provide an example, and you have no qualifications. How can you know you are correct and the expert in the field is not? How can you judge the literature? Is it fair to personally attack someone in public, without knowing if what you claim holds true?

110

Reposted by Immune SciComm

Health Nerd @gidmk.bsky.social · 28/10/2025

The relentless levels of extreme abuse towards anyone who does not profess a specific set of beliefs about the prevalence, causes, and dangers of Long COVID drove many scientists away from the research field long before the funding dried up (and probably contributed to it tbh).

2102

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 29/10/2025

Can you show where this professor of immunology denies LongCOVID or minimises COVID? I see a lot of science based information, which is valid and based on facts. Making a claim to damage someone, or actually being able to show it is true, are often two very different things. #MedSky

000

Immune SciComm @immunescicomm.bsky.social · 28/10/2025

What is a bit worrying is the increase in most SOAs. Please be careful, this not only concerns bacterial infections, but also HIV.

000