Rwandan industrial policy, which licensed and supported textile manufacturers to produce high-quality masks during the COVID-19 pandemic, successfully reduced mask prices, increased mask uptake, and slowed the spread of COVID-19. The intervention averted contagion at a cost of just $10 per averted case, suggesting strategic industrial policy has a clear role in pandemic preparedness.

Women-only spaces offer a quick fix for those facing higher risk of harassment but reflect and may reinforce the idea that women are responsible for preventing their own victimisation.