The back-barrier basin of Spiekeroog in the East Frisian Wadden Sea is a biogeochemically dynamic intertidal system that plays a key role in regulating coastal carbon fluxes and regional dissolved in...

Conversion of natural bare mudflats to aquaculture ponds is a prevalent practice that fundamentally alters sediment biogeochemistry and microbial processes. However, its impact on greenhouse gas (GHG...

Nutrient pollution is accelerating in coastal waters, yet its effects on carbon dioxide (CO2) sink–source dynamics remain poorly constrained. Seagrass ecosystems are globally important blue carbon si...

Ocean particles are a heterogeneous collection, including living and dead cells, feces, mucus-rich aggregates, and mineral shells and frustules. In the well-lit upper ocean, phototrophic processes fu...

Although significant N2 fixation rates (NFRs) have been observed throughout mid-Atlantic coastal waters, studies have been limited in their temporal coverage, and the methods used to detect nitrogen ...

The chemical speciation of iron (Fe) has important ramifications for the stabilization, transport, and bioavailability of this critical nutrient. Organic ligands mediate dissolved Fe biogeochemistry ...

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are extreme warm-water events that can strongly perturb marine ecosystems. Although MHWs are known to extend into subsurface and deep waters, their vertical structures and bio...

Mesoscale eddies create dynamically distinct environments where thermohaline fronts partition the biological and optical structure of the upper water column. How these fronts organize the vertical an...

Shelled pteropods are at risk from ocean acidification, with known effects on their shell durability and calcification. Pteropods typically form their aragonitic shells over specific depth ranges kno...

The deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) is an important feature of the marine photic zone where carbon fixation, nutrient transformations and particle-associated export can be enhanced, collectively influ....

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) of Alexandrium catenella occur annually in the Gulf of Maine, leading to accumulation of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) in bivalve mollusks and closure of harvesting ar...

Reliable environmental attribution of coastal dissolved organic carbon (DOC) variability is important for interpreting carbon processing and fate under climate change. Yet attribution commonly relies....

Global warming increasingly threatens freshwater biodiversity, highlighting the need to understand how key ecological interactors, such as the zooplankton water flea Daphnia, genetically adapt to ris...

Terrestrial subsidies shape aquatic ecosystem structure and function, serving as important energy channels for consumers when phytoplankton and other autochthonous resources are limited. Despite this...

The picocyanobacteria Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus dominate oligotrophic oceans, where nitrogen (N) limitation is pervasive, and contribute substantially to marine primary production. However, t...

Lakes and reservoirs are significant sources of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), yet the role of the stratification–ventilation cycle in regulating their production, storage, and emissions rem...

Marine heatwaves pose a significant threat to marine ecosystems, yet the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely elusive. Here, we integrated physiological, transcriptomic, and DNA methylatio...

Thermokarst (thaw) lakes are projected to be an increasing source of atmospheric methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas, as climate warms and permafrost thaws. However, the magnitude of CH4 cycling, ...

Sediments in productive coastal regions are hotspots of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production through microbial sulfate reduction. Under anoxic seafloor conditions, H2S can escape the sediment and accumu....

Coastal ecosystems play a major role in global carbon cycling and storage, yet the contribution of calcifying macroalgal habitats, such as coralline algal beds (CABs; rhodolith and maerl beds), remai...

Phytoplankton blooms structure primary production and food-web dynamics in the Gulf of Alaska, yet their response to recent warming and marine heatwaves (MHWs) remains poorly described. Using a param...

Rising ocean temperatures and CO2 concentrations are reshaping phytoplankton physiology, yet how long-term adaptation to these stressors interacts with nutrient limitation remains poorly understood. ...

Kelp forests are highly productive coastal ecosystems that sustain organic carbon cycling and diverse food webs; however, their ecosystem metabolism remains insufficiently quantified due to a lack of...

Temperature variation at fine scales of minutes to hours and ~ 1–100 m is ubiquitous in marine ecosystems and often exceeds variability at larger scales. However, we know little of how well temperatu...

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Particles, including biologically relevant ones, released in rivers may interact with the bed multiple times throughout their dispersal downstream. Passive dispersal is influenced by local variations...

Long-term monitoring of lakes is necessary to detect and determine drivers of water quality impairment and ecological change. Yet extensive water quality records are limited to few lakes and are cost...

The degree to which N2-fixation compensates for reduced external nitrogen loading has significant implications for eutrophication recovery. We analyzed 45 years of monitoring data from the shallow, p....

Wetlands are collectively the largest natural source of methane (CH4), which complicates the climate mitigation potential of wetland restoration. Land-use change alters wetland soils, vegetation, and...

Microzooplankton and mixoplankton are key regulators of marine food webs, yet their responses to ocean warming and thermal extremes remain incompletely integrated across physiological, community, and...

Purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) of the family Chromatiaceae (Gammaproteobacteria) can perform chemo- and photo-lithoautotrophy (through anoxygenic photosynthesis) in anoxic layers of freshwater stratifi....