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Enrique Castro-Sánchez

@castrocloud.bsky.social
473 followers 896 following 165 posts

Infection Control specialist. Lecturer in #planetaryhealth. #AntimicrobialStewardship. #HealthDiplomacy. #enfermera. #FNFScholar #NIHR70at70. Migrant (or ‘citizen of nowhere’). Cat butler. Sailor, soon. He/él. My views only, not employer’s.

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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 05/12/2025
www.theguardian.com/society/2025...
theguardian.com
Rising racism blamed for collapse in number of foreign nurses coming to UK
Number of overseas nurses and midwives registered between April and September was half that of a year ago
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 01/12/2025
If your AMS role vanished tomorrow… what would your ward, facility, health system lose? And how would you prove it, in numbers, not just narratives? Full reflection here: open.substack.com/pub/theamsnu... #AMR #Nursing #Stewardship #HealthEconomics #AMS #IPC #PatientSafety
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 01/12/2025
AMS programmes save money. But unless nursing contributions are made visible, they risk disappearing at budget time.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 01/12/2025
From COM-B–based engagement tools to nursing-sensitive stewardship outcomes, we now have ways to show what nurses already do, and what their work is worth.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 01/12/2025
My new The AMS Nurse Substack post asks a simple question with big consequences: If we don’t measure the value of AMS nursing, how can we argue for sustainable funding?
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 01/12/2025
We talk a lot about “empowering nurses” in stewardship, but not enough about securing the roles themselves.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 01/12/2025
Why antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) nursing needs an economic story… AMS nurses are doing some of the most safety-critical work in the hospital… yet many posts are temporary, seconded, or funded year-to-year.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 12/11/2025
My post on The AMS Substack sits in that uneasy space between praise and permission, asking what real partnership in stewardship might look like, and what it costs to keep showing up when the system still doesn’t always listen. open.substack.com/pub/theamsnu...
open.substack.com
Between Admiration and Authority: How Far Does Nursing Partnership in Antimicrobial Stewardship Really Go?
When the pharmacist calls for collaboration, but the system still resists it.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 12/11/2025
Yet, in the quiet moments of practice, during the IV review that went unnoticed, or the hesitant suggestion that gets waved away, admiration starts to sound a little hollow.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 12/11/2025
There’s a particular kind of melancholy that comes with being admired but not quite trusted. Often, colleagues from other professions say that nurses are essential. The evidence agrees.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 10/11/2025
Epidemics test our values as much as our systems. When fear rises, will we choose compassion or blame? Our editorial argues for solidarity, because dignity is a public health intervention. doi.org/10.1002/nop2...
doi.org
The Stigmatisation of Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Spread of Mpox: Are We Repeating the Mistakes of HIV?
The 2022 mpox outbreak disproportionately affected men who have sex with men (MSM), leading to targeted public health interventions. While data supported prioritising MSM, this focus risks reviving s...
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 10/11/2025
Nurses are at the frontlines of inclusion. We listen, educate, advocate, often when others won’t. In mpox, as in HIV, nursing leadership can rebuild trust and confront stigma.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 10/11/2025
HIV taught us that solidarity and empowerment save lives. Mpox reminds us that stigma still shapes outbreak response. Let’s not repeat history, let’s rewrite it with empathy and evidence.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 10/11/2025
Stigma doesn’t stop infection, but it fuels it. When communities feel blamed, they disengage from prevention, testing, and care. Public health language matters.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 10/11/2025
The 2022 mpox outbreak hit MSM communities hardest. But focusing only on risk groups risks repeating old narratives. Epidemiology can’t justify stigma. Public health must protect people, not just populations.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 10/11/2025
Our new Nursing Open editorial is out: “The Stigmatisation of Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Spread of Mpox: Are we repeating the mistakes of HIV?" doi.org/10.1002/nop2... #Nursing #PublicHealth #Equity #Mpox
doi.org
The Stigmatisation of Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Spread of Mpox: Are We Repeating the Mistakes of HIV?
The 2022 mpox outbreak disproportionately affected men who have sex with men (MSM), leading to targeted public health interventions. While data supported prioritising MSM, this focus risks reviving s...
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 28/10/2025
My new The AMS Nurse reflection, written during #ESICM2025, asks what would change if we recognised critical-care nursing vigilance as leadership. Read more theamsnurse.substack.com/p/in-the-cru...
theamsnurse.substack.com
In the Crucible of Care: Why the Critical Care Nurse Is (another!) Unsung Hero of Antibiotic Stewardship
Reflections from the European intensive care frontlines of antimicrobial resistance
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 28/10/2025
Two decades of research show the pattern: when nurses prompt, question, and advocate, antibiotic use falls … but hierarchy and workload still silence those voices.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 28/10/2025
ICU nurses see antibiotics started, hung, reviewed, and stopped. They are the 24-hour sentinels of antimicrobial stewardship; yet still one of the most overlooked leaders in the room.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 28/10/2025
The ICU is the crucible of care — where every decision can save a life … or feed resistance.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 27/10/2025
Looking ahead Community health workers already save lives every day. With the right systems, they can also protect the effectiveness of antibiotics for generations. It’s time to see them as key agents of change in the work to prevent and address #AMR. 🔗 doi.org/10.1136/bmjg...
doi.org
Involvement of community health workers in antimicrobial stewardship interventions and programmes: a scoping review
Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global health threat, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. Community health workers (CHWs) are key actors in infection management a...
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 27/10/2025
Policy implications Our review calls for CHWs to be formally integrated into national AMS policies. They need clear scopes of practice, fair pay, and ongoing learning opportunities. Investing in CHWs means investing in equity and resilience. #CommunityHealth
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 27/10/2025
Training & Support Training makes the difference. Where CHWs had structured AMS education, supervision & feedback tools, outcomes improved—better adherence to guidelines, fewer unnecessary prescriptions. Without that support, progress stalls. #AMR #Stewardship
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 27/10/2025
What we found Across 8 studies in Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Pakistan, Bangladesh & Kenya, CHWs helped prevent, detect & treat infections—often reducing inappropriate antibiotic use. But their stewardship role is rarely formalised or supported. #GlobalHealth
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 27/10/2025
Why this matters #AMR kills over 1.2 million people each year—mostly in low- and middle-income countries. Yet those same health systems rely heavily on community health workers. How can we harness their role in responsible antibiotic use? Our review explores just that.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 27/10/2025
Thrilled to share our new paper in BMJ Global Health: “Involvement of community health workers in antimicrobial stewardship programmes: a scoping review.” Community health workers (CHWs) are central to tackling #AMR globally. 🔗 doi.org/10.1136/bmjg...
doi.org
Involvement of community health workers in antimicrobial stewardship interventions and programmes: a scoping review
Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global health threat, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. Community health workers (CHWs) are key actors in infection management a...
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 23/10/2025
Many congratulations!
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 20/10/2025
We’ve learned to teach stewardship, now we need to learn to lead it. My new The AMS Nurse post reflects on AMS nursing education, leadership, and diplomacy, and why it might be time for a Nursing AMS Policy & Diplomacy Summit. Read it: open.substack.com/pub/theamsnu... #Nursing #AMS #Diplomacy
open.substack.com
Rewriting the Future of Nursing Leadership in Antimicrobial Stewardship
Reflections on education, conferences, and diplomacy in action
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 19/10/2025
On the edge open.substack.com/pub/samf/p/o...
open.substack.com
On the edge
My week in the NHS
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 14/10/2025
‘Frightened to get out of their cars’: Britain’s toxic race debates threaten overseas care workers
theguardian.com
‘Frightened to get out of their cars’: Britain’s toxic race debates threaten overseas care workers
Staff are being advised to travel in mixed groups and carry panic alarms as incidents of intimidation spread
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 12/10/2025
Love it, organisms do what organisms do… Microbial Resuscitation & Growth Rates in Deep Permafrost: Lipid Stable Isotope Probing Results From Permafrost Research Tunnel in Fox, Alaska - Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1...
agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com
Microbial Resuscitation and Growth Rates in Deep Permafrost: Lipid Stable Isotope Probing Results From the Permafrost Research Tunnel in Fox, Alaska
Microbial growth is extremely slow within the first 30 days of thaw. Temperature may drive which taxa are active, but not growth rates Subsurface microbes preferentially produce glycolipids over ...
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 12/10/2025
Honoured to present at #LIVES2025 @esicm.bsky.social in Munich! I’ll be teaching at the pre-congress expert course 'Developing expert practice in Sepsis, Severe Infections & Stewardship'. 25–29 October 2025 Don’t miss it! www.esicm.org/events/38th-... #ESICM #ESICMCongress #IntensiveCare
esicm.org
38th Annual Congress - Munich - ESICM
The 38th Annual Congress, "LIVES," will take place in Munich from October 25-29, 2025, at the International Congress Centre Munich (ICM).
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 12/10/2025
New from my Substack newsletter The AMS Nurse: 'Why Nursing Homes Matter for AMS'. Care home nurses make complex antibiotic decisions daily, often without training or support. Let’s recognise their role, not marginalise it. theamsnurse.substack.com/p/the-missin... #AMS #AMRNurse #longtermcare
theamsnurse.substack.com
The Missing Piece?: Why Nursing Homes Matter for Antimicrobial Stewardship
Hospital AMS systems are maturing. Yet in nursing homes, the terrain remains fragile...
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 10/10/2025
“Steve Heapy, chief executive of mass market holiday operator Jet2, read the runes: “They want less tourists, but they want them to be richer. I don’t think it’s very fair. Why should holidays be only available to a certain subset of the population?” 🤦🏻
theguardian.com
‘It gets a bit dirty after 2am’: overtourism debate centre stage as Abta meets in Mallorca
Home to Magaluf, a major draw for boozed-up Britain, the island has become emblematic of the most heated debate in travel
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 09/10/2025
Assessment of malnutrition in preschool-aged children by mid-upper arm circumference in the Gaza Strip (January, 2024–August, 2025): a longitudinal, cross-sectional, surveillance study - The Lancet www.thelancet.com/journals/lan...
thelancet.com
Assessment of malnutrition in preschool-aged children by mid-upper arm circumference in the Gaza Strip (January, 2024–August, 2025): a longitudinal, cross-sectional, surveillance study
After nearly 2 years of war and severe restrictions in humanitarian aid, tens of thousands of preschool-aged children in the Gaza Strip are suffering from preventable acute malnutrition and facing an ...
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Reposted by Enrique Castro-Sánchez
Melanie D’Arrigo @darrigomelanie.bsky.social · 08/10/2025
I feel like this photo of masked, armed men pepper spraying a pastor protecting his community is going to be a defining picture of this moment in America for a long, long time.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 07/10/2025
Investing in Primary Care: The #Nurse Practitioner Will See You Now
milbank.org
Investing in Primary Care: The Nurse Practitioner Will See You Now | Milbank Memorial Fund
Decades of research confirms the safety, quality, and effectiveness of care provided by NPs, including care for complex patients, and their acceptance and approval by patients. Yet challenges remain i...
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 07/10/2025
Acetaminophen Use in Pregnancy—Study Author Explains the Data jamanetwork.com/journals/jam...
jamanetwork.com
Study Author on Acetaminophen Use in Pregnancy
This Medical News article is an interview with epidemiologist Brian Lee, PhD, about his study on acetaminophen use during pregnancy and children’s risk of autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders...
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 05/10/2025
Journalist casualties in the Israel-Gaza war cpj.org?p=321571
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 05/10/2025
Enhorabuena a la ex-enfermera británica Sarah Mullaly por su designación como Arzobispa de Canterbury
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Reposted by Enrique Castro-Sánchez
Science News @scinews.bsky.social · 08/09/2025
Weapons, wealth, and health: the arms industry as a commercial determinant of health. #BMJ Open Access www.bmj.com/content/390/...
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 25/09/2025
So: adolescent food insecurity is social, structural, and planetary. We hope this review helps shift the conversation from blaming families to addressing the systems that produce hunger. 📄 Full paper (open access): doi.org/10.1016/j.ja... #FoodInsecurity #AdolescentHealth #PlanetaryHealth
doi.org
Redirecting
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 25/09/2025
Our conclusion: Adolescent food insecurity is a systemic problem. Piecemeal fixes won’t work. We need rights-based policies, sustainable food systems, and adolescent-centred research, especially in the Global South.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 25/09/2025
And the underexplored frontier: 🌍 Planetary factors. Seasonality, droughts, floods, and the wider climate crisis all shape whether adolescents have enough to eat. But very few studies examine these links. A glaring research gap (which we are addressing!)
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 25/09/2025
What we found across different levels of influence: 🏠 Interpersonal – poverty, family structure, peer pressure. 🏫 Organisational – schools as key food providers, but with barriers. 🏘 Community – food deserts, safety, social capital. 🏛 Societal – food assistance, discrimination, economic inequality
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 25/09/2025
We reviewed 5,149 records ➡️ included 40 studies. 🔎 Most from high-income countries. 📊 Few from the Global South—despite higher vulnerability. This geographic bias means we know far too little about the settings most affected.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 25/09/2025
Adolescence (10–19 years) is a critical window. Food insecurity here can lead to: ⚠️ Poor physical health ⚠️ Emotional distress & stigma ⚠️ Missed school, exploitation, and long-term disadvantage. Yet, most research looks only at younger children. We aimed to close that gap.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 25/09/2025
🚨 New paper out! We explored what drives adolescent food insecurity worldwide. Spoiler: it’s not just about money or family—it’s shaped by environments, communities, policies, and even the planet. 📄 Open access: doi.org/10.1016/j.ja...
doi.org
Redirecting
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Reposted by Enrique Castro-Sánchez
Royal College of Nursing @rcn.org.uk · 22/09/2025
The increasingly hostile rhetoric shown towards migrants is deeply concerning. We urge all UK political parties to end this race to the bottom and instead celebrate the contribution of those from overseas. Without brilliant migrant nursing staff, our health & care services would cease to function.
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Enrique Castro-Sánchez @castrocloud.bsky.social · 19/09/2025
Not at all! We dont hang around…we have places to be, friends to meet etc. Also, ‘Spain’ not homogeneous. I see differences with colleagues from North, South, etc (Im Southerner…)
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