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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 18h

In this video, I make the case that Cadwallon Lawhir, the king of Gwynedd before Maelgwn, died at King Arthur’s Battle of Camlann: youtu.be/y35FYd52oIk?...

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Did the King of Gwynedd Die at the Battle of Camlann?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 12/09/2026

This video looks into an obscure medieval account that claims that one of King Arthur’s sons became the king of England and examines what evident historical basis this has: youtu.be/hmb9uUKc3yc?...

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Was King Arthur’s Son the King of England?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 09/09/2026

Was Homer’s Troy ruled by the Assyrians? That’s the question that I investigate in my latest video, and the answer might surprise you. youtu.be/9I1lS2-E56A

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Was Homer’s Troy Ruled by the Assyrians?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 30/05/2026

This video makes the case that one of Arthur’s twelve battles can be placed at Edinburgh (and no, it’s not the Battle of Agned/Breguoin): youtu.be/DB_ERNTmWlA

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Did King Arthur Fight the Picts at Edinburgh?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 26/05/2026

This video critically examines the theory that Riothamus was the historical figure behind the legend of King Arthur, particularly the legend of Arthur’s continental campaigns: youtu.be/t5zmBIiRqz4

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Debunking the “King Arthur = Riothamus” Theory (Part 1)

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 21/04/2026

Interestingly, there is good evidence that Rome was actually founded by Romulus in the middle of the seventh century BCE, about 100 years after the traditional date of 753 BCE.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 15/02/2026

A close examination of the earliest evidence indicates that the traditional date of the Trojan War is several centuries too early: youtu.be/ZYH7VfphjxE?...

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When Did the Trojan War Really Happen?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 03/02/2026

This video examines the issue of whether or not there really was a second Gildas in sixth century Britain: youtu.be/nY9UDRQRHrs

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Was There Another Saint Gildas in Dark Age Britain?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 10/01/2026

When did King Arthur really live? This video examines what the evidence really shows and dispels common misconceptions that place him much too early in the stream of time: youtu.be/92VTAihHGKY?...

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When Did King Arthur Really Live?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 28/12/2025

It’s commonly said that Roman Britain ended in 410, but is that really true? This video takes a look: youtu.be/ZrbmKvPK-WA?...

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When Did Roman Britain Really End?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 22/12/2025

Was England already English before the Anglo-Saxons arrived? This video takes a look at this intriguing theory: youtu.be/IZI8hQ7BYcA?...

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Was England Already English Before the Anglo-Saxons Arrived?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 14/12/2025

This video investigates the claim that King Arthur was not actually a king in the earliest records: youtu.be/L0qziBwUm00

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Was King Arthur Actually a King?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 23/09/2025

This video examines the issue of whether or not King Mark from the Arthurian legends really existed: youtu.be/TuFuDYiyO9w?...

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Did King Mark of Cornwall Really Exist?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 17/09/2025

This video examines the generally forgotten second Saint Patrick of the early medieval period: youtu.be/y3y0SMZULyc?...

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The Forgotten Second Saint Patrick of Dark Age Britain

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 02/09/2025

This video examines the theory that Merlin can be identified with the historical Bishop Dubricius of medieval Wales: youtu.be/FA4mVjhkMGc?...

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Was Merlin a Real Bishop of Medieval Wales?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 31/08/2025

This video examines the claim that the Trojan War is mentioned in Bronze Age Hittite records: youtu.be/QEz7qUEqAlc?...

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Is the Trojan War Mentioned in Hittite Records?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 30/08/2025

What he said about its location is actually incredibly consistent with Minoan Crete, along with various other details (some of them very specific) in his account of Atlantis.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 26/08/2025

This video examines the evidence for an Irish kingdom in medieval Britain that has generally been overlooked: youtu.be/2JTWdqN4vrs?...

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The Forgotten Irish Kingdom in Dark Age Britain

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 23/08/2025

This video examines the question of whether Homer or Hesiod was the first Greek poet: youtu.be/21AMdIytROs?...

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Who Was the First Greek Poet: Homer or Hesiod?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 19/08/2025

This video examines further evidence that the historical King Arthur was actually Athrwys ap Meurig by looking at how their family members match: youtu.be/GAFXZZnsDws?...

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Revealing King Arthur’s Real Dynasty in Medieval Wales (Part 2)

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 17/08/2025

It does, yes. But the context of the discussion is: In the earliest version of the story of the Sword in the Stone, is it the same as Excalibur, or was it only later that they were combined into one sword? Hence, an account that doesn’t mention the Sword in the Stone doesn’t come into it.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 17/08/2025

Indeed, but that doesn’t mention the Sword in the Stone at all.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 16/08/2025

This video looks into the supposed connection between Atlantis, the Eye of the Sahara, and King Atlas of Mauretania: youtu.be/b3F9jJ3XSgY?...

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Atlantis, King Atlas of Mauretania, and the Eye of the Sahara

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 16/08/2025

“And it was the same swerde that he toke oute of the ston; and the letteres that were write on the swerde seide that the right name was cleped Escaliboure.”

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 16/08/2025

What do you mean? Wikipedia has the correct information.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 16/08/2025

It is only in the Post-Vulgate Cycle that the Sword in the Stone is made separate from Excalibur.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 16/08/2025

Already on it: youtu.be/r0jpba09m4I?... I explain in that video, the earliest surviving version of the Sword in the Stone tale is the Prose Merlin, a version of Robert de Boron’s mostly lost Merlin poem (possibly also written by Robert himself). In that source, the sword is identified as Excalibur.

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Was Excalibur the Sword in the Stone?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 16/08/2025

Your second fact, which is the pertinent one to this discussion, is incorrect. In the earliest version of the tale of the Sword in the Stone, it is identical to Excalibur. It is only later that they are separated into two different swords.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 16/08/2025

Yes, Excalibur the sword is mentioned (as Caliburn and Caledfwlch) before the story of the Sword in the Stone appears. However, in the earliest version of the story of the Sword in the Stone, it is identified as Excalibur. It is not a separate sword.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 16/08/2025

It’s actually the other way around. The earliest version of the legend has Excalibur and the Sword in the Stone as the same sword, and then later versions split them into two different swords.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 12/08/2025

This video examines the legendary family members of King Arthur and shows how they can be identified as historical figures from a real dynasty in medieval Wales: youtu.be/NqKumMDaqgk?...

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Revealing King Arthur’s Real Dynasty in Medieval Wales (Part 1)

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 09/08/2025

This video examines the true history of the ancient kings of Athens, which is profoundly different from what the traditional story claims: youtu.be/4ibu8uLDies?...

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The Shocking Truth about the Ancient Kings of Athens

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 05/08/2025

This video looks at yet more evidence that the real King Arthur can be identified as Athrwys ap Meurig of Gwent: youtu.be/USYC8D2mUKI?...

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Identifying the Historical King Arthur (Part 2)

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 29/07/2025

This video analyses the evidence that King Arthur can be identified as the historical Athrwys ap Meurig of Gwent: youtu.be/LcyQSocTm8c

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Identifying the Historical King Arthur (Part 1)

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 22/07/2025

This video examines the issue of how literate the ancient Celts really were: youtu.be/vqG7PTmu1ao

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How Literate Were the Ancient Celts?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 21/07/2025

This compares the Coelbren characters with their counterparts in Roman cursive from Roman Gaul.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 21/07/2025

This alphabet is almost identical to the form of Roman cursive that was used in Britain and Gaul in the Roman era. See this article for a more detailed explanation: greekreporter.com/2025/05/16/c...

greekreporter.com

Coelbren, the Greek-Inspired Alphabet Used by the Ancient Celts - GreekReporter.com

Did the ancient Celts use an alphabet called Coelbren, ultimately originating with the Greek script, as some scholars in the past claimed?

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 15/07/2025

This video examines the evidence from Welsh, Latin, and Scottish sources that suggest that King Arthur didn’t really die at the Battle of Camlann: youtu.be/5Bts4aP2ouk?...

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Did King Arthur Really Die at the Battle of Camlann?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 15/07/2025

I don’t think there’s any evidence that the West Country’s Cornwall ever extended that far east.

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 12/07/2025

In view of the popular theory that Atlantis was the Eye of the Sahara, this video examines the supposed evidence from ancient maps that refer to ‘Atlantes’ in Africa: youtu.be/yj-2-d9utm4?...

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Do Ancient Maps Prove Atlantis was the Eye of the Sahara?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 12/07/2025

I think the linguistic evidence argues against that (albeit not especially strongly).

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 08/07/2025

This video looks at a potential historical figure behind the legendary Gwydre, son of King Arthur: youtu.be/4unN_JypzcA?...

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Did King Arthur’s Son Gwydre Really Exist?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 05/07/2025

This video examines the question of whether the eruption of Thera in the Bronze Age was responsible for the fall of the Minoan civilisation: youtu.be/Z_xbXARqq8c?...

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Was the Minoan Civilisation Destroyed by the Eruption of Thera?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 01/07/2025

This video investigates the true identity of King Arthur’s mysterious legendary ally, King Stater of Dyfed: youtu.be/xiylDjLHZzk?...

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Did King Arthur’s Ally Stater of Dyfed Really Exist?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 28/06/2025

This video looks at the issue of Odysseus’ son Latinus, examining whether he was actually king of the Etruscans in Italy and identical to the Latinus of Virgil’s Aeneid as commonly assumed: youtu.be/49uda_W7f98

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Was Odysseus’ Son Latinus King of the Etruscans in Italy?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 24/06/2025

Was the Kingdom of Dyfed in medieval Wales really an Irish kingdom, as is regularly claimed? This video takes a look at the evidence: youtu.be/wjVgHdXQUBI?...

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Was Dyfed Really an Irish Kingdom in Medieval Wales?

YouTube video by Caleb Howells

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Caleb Howells @calebhowells.bsky.social · 24/06/2025

There is really no evidence that the Iliad is supposed to be set in the Bronze Age. Homer’s descriptions seem more like a mythologised version of the Archaic Era.

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