CB1R and ASIC3 are co-expressed in CGRP+ nociceptors of mouse DRG. Plantar incision triggers an upregulation of ASIC3 and activation of ASIC3+ neurons, driving mechanical allodynia. CB1R activation s...

This study elucidates a pharynx-to-brain sensory pathway that Piezo2+ vagal sensory neurons transmit mechanical signals to brain stem regions during mechanically evoked swallowing in mice.

Using a gyrencephalic congenital hypothyroidism pig model, this study reveals cerebral atrophy and cortical hypogyrification. Single-cell sequencing identifies astrocytes as major TH-responsive cells...

Schematic diagram showing the Cbln2+ ICx–dPAG circuit for sound-driven defensive and anxiety-like behaviors.

Gut-derived succinate is associated with an excitatory-inhibitory imbalance in dmPFC glutamatergic neurons, involving microglial SUCNR1 activation and vagal afferent signaling via upregulated gut 5-H...

Zhang et al. show that NFIs act as evolutionarily conserved global temporal regulators and bidirectionally control the pace of RGP lineage progression and consequently progeny output during neocortica...

Dai et al. identify a microglial osteopontin (SPP1)-integrin β1 feedback program that sustains mechanical allodynia after thalamic hemorrhage. Genetic and pharmacological experiments place CC-chemokin...

Molecular Psychiatry - Hippocampal AdipoR1 regulates the microglial response and delays disease progression in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Chen et al. identify anterior zona incerta aZIT neurons as key drivers of compulsive binge eating. Intermittent high-fat-diet exposure increases GABAergic aZIT neuronal excitability, thus enhancing me...

Zhang et al. show that neuroinflammation activates Wnt/β-CATENIN signaling in astrocytes, driving SREBF2-mediated cholesterol synthesis while suppressing APOE-dependent cholesterol efflux. The resulti...

Molecular Psychiatry - An mPFC–DMV cortical–autonomic–immune axis governs stress-induced immune dysregulation in sepsis

Molecular Psychiatry - Histamine H2 receptor in substantia nigra pars reticulata parvalbumin positive neurons mediates risk-taking behavior

Gao et al. identify an insular cortex–paraventricular nucleus circuit that drives post-stroke neutrophil mobilisation from bone marrow via sympathetic β2-a

Sleep homeostasis maintains the sleep-wake balance through sleep pressure, a process partly orchestrated by the accumulation of extracellular adenosine (eADO). Microglial Ca2+ activity has been implic...

Qu et al. link emerging brain vulnerability during female midlife to molecular communication between peripheral organs and the brain. They trace this connection to miR-10a-5p-γCaMKII signaling, reveal...

Both inhibitory inputs to the mPOA and mPOA activation are required for male mating, but how inhibition contributes to neuronal activity during mounting remains unclear. Zhang et al. identify T-type c...

Molecular Psychiatry - Psychedelic 4-AcO-DMT attenuated looming-induced freezing behaviors by activating PrL CaMKIIα neurons in mice

Dai et al. identify stress-responsive neuropeptide Y receptor Y1-expressing neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus that engage the dorsal vagal complex to suppress feeding and delay gastr...

Hunker, Wirthlin, et al. present a collection of precision viral genetic tools for targeting and perturbing major striatal neuronal populations in rodents and primates. These tools will facilitate mul...

Lin et al. developed an in vivo CRISPRi screening platform to map gene function directly in the mouse brain. Their genome-wide survey across neuronal types and ages reveals cell-type-specific and age-...

Xu et al. show that the long non-coding RNA Carip modulates pain-like behaviours by controlling synaptic transmission in the lateral parabrachial nucleus.

Molecular Psychiatry - YTHDF1 modulates CAP1-mediated actin turnover to regulate synaptic function and anxiodepressive-like behaviors

Compared to E8, mTeSR1 culture downregulated WNT and TGF‑β signaling, and upregulated neural differentiation pathways, enhancing neural priming. Under skin organoid induction conditions, mTeSR1‑cultu....

These findings pinpoint the BLA-dCA3 circuit and BLA-specific ERK signalling as critical mediators of social discrimination deficits in FXS. Our study establishes a causal link from FMRP loss to circu...

Dong et al. identify a descending brainstem-to-spinal-cord circuit that drives widespread, opioid-resistant pain in mice. They show that glycine from this pathway acts as an excitatory signal by activ...

Cara, Guthman, et al. present neuro-seeER, an optical tool for monitoring how neurons respond dynamically to the hormone estrogen. By tracking these dynamics across the reproductive cycle in female mi...

Yi et al. uncover a TAF15-oxidative stress axis in neurodegeneration. They demonstrate that the neuronal TAF15 overexpression triggers oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, leading to gliosis and behavi...

Many species display mating-related sleep suppression to maximize reproductive success, yet the underlying neural mechanisms in mammals remain unclear. Here, we report that male mice exhibit delayed s...

Wang et al. reveal that the inhibition of LPAGVglut2 neurons reduces REM sleep and wakefulness and that the activation of LPAGVglut2 neurons promotes arousal in mice. The LPAGVglut2 neurons regulate R...

Molecular Psychiatry - Maternal sleep deprivation reshapes offspring hippocampal development through a Trem2-centered microglial program revealed by single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics

Huang et al. find that lavender essential oil relieves NTG-induced migraine by engaging an anterior olfactory nucleus-driven, OX2R-dependent orexinergic circuit from the lateral hypothalamus to the la...

FES-derived MGE spheroids exhibit progenitor-stage alterations in developmental trajectory and hypoxia-responsive transcriptional programs, followed by functional disruption. Gestational hypoxia reca...

Gq-coupled receptors regulate numerous physiological processes by activating enzymes and inducing intracellular Ca2+ signals. There is a strong need for an optogenetic tool that enables powerful exper...

Background Dysregulation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) contributes to aberrant tau secretion via extracellular vesicles (EVs). This may potentially explain our previous p...

How localized Ca2+ signals orchestrate neural repair remains unclear. Here, we show that TRPC3-driven calcium microdomains direct nerve repair by coupling spatially confined Ca2+ signals to axon rege...

Zou et al. show that activity-dependent GLUT4 plasma membrane translocation promotes glucose uptake in lateral septum neurons to support social familiarity. In an Alzheimer’s disease model, enhancing ...

The contribution of mitochondrial trafficking and positioning to the disease mechanisms of bipolar disorder is unclear. Li et al. show that axonal mitochondrial hypermotility destabilizes presynaptic ...

Cell Discovery - Hypothalamic oxytocin neurons produce pro-anxiety effects through glutamatergic projections to the lateral hypothalamus

Impaired MEC astrocytic Ca2+ signaling is associated with fragmented spatial exploration in AD mice. Region-specific glial progenitor transplantation generates engrafted astrocytes that are accompani...

Zhang et al. show that voluntary running induces highly excitable newborn neurons to compete with helplessness-related neuronal ensembles in the dentate gyrus. This competition is associated with chan...

Molecular Psychiatry - Dual regulatory mechanisms of the ZI-LHb circuit in SPS&S model mice: dissociable control of aversion and anxiety through distinct downstream targets

The authors find that dexmedetomidine reduces hyperactivity of lateral septum GABAergic neurons, alleviating pain and sleep disruption induced by spared nerve injury in male mice via the downstream ci...

Peripheral nerve injury (SNI) induces neuropathic pain, activates midbrain microglia, and triggers an NLRP3–IL-1β–dependent inflammatory cascade. IL-1β signals through IL-1R1 on vlPAG/DRN VGLUT2+ neu....

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - Enhanced substance P-NK1R signaling in the parabrachial–parasubthalamic pathway promotes hyperalgesia and affective aversion in neuropathic pain