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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র

@bmitra.bsky.social
1.5K followers 653 following 574 posts

Information Retrieval Researcher ✊🏽🍉🕊️ | Pronouns: He/him Homepage: bhaskar-mitra.github.io

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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 16h
JEDI SEIZE: SEIZE THE MEANS OF RETRIEVAL Website: jedi.inertial.science/seize/ Our proposal for a new initiative aiming to build a community of researchers and practitioners interested in realizing public information access platforms has been accepted for SIGIR Futures (sigir.org/futures/). 🎉🎉🎉
Screenshot with the following text:

SIGIR Futures Presents
**JEDI SEIZE Seize the Means of Retrieval**

Today, a handful of large for-profit technology corporations exercise disproportionate power and control over our global information ecosystems. This concentration of power raises serious risks of capture of our platforms and their weaponization for mass surveillance and manipulation of public opinion, and is already being leveraged by both private and public authoritarian actors. These concerns are not hypothetical but grounded in ongoing instances of attempted censorship,1 ideological imposition,2 and information manipulation3 by state actors, as well as by private individuals4, 5 in the backdrop of the technology industry's emerging projects of technofascism.6, 7

It is time for the information access (IA) / information retrieval (IR) communities—the fields of research that has played a significant role in the advancement of information systems such as search engines, recommender systems, and chatbots—to seriously engage with these concerns and collectively commit to designing and developing alternative infrastructure for public information access. The JEDI SEIZE initiative aims to build a coalition of diverse researchers and practitioners to develop tangible and substantive agendas for information access research and development in support of this goal.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 03/10/2026
Well played, @merriam-webster.com, well played. 🫡 www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/ca...
Screenshot of Merriam-Webster.com showing Recent examples of usage of the phrase "call out". The first two examples are:

* Meanwhile, protesters gathered outside the Philly stop to call out Sheeran for dropping Macklemore, over which fellow tour openers Finneas, Aaron Rowe and Lukas Graham also exited the tour, along with Sheeran’s backing band Beoga.
— Glenn Garner, Deadline, 19 Sep. 2026

* Clooney then took a moment to call out Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth’s recent controversial social media post that featured women from the military in Canada.
— Chris Gardner, HollywoodReporter, 2 Sep. 2026
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 02/10/2026
The biggest threat that AI poses to our information ecosystem isn't so-called "hallucinations"; it's intentional large-scale persuasion / manipulation. bsky.app/profile/bmit...
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 19/09/2026
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
I am in Hamburg! It's been a wonderful couple of days attending the annual conference of the Search Engines and Society Network (#SEASON2026). Today, I presented a talk titled "Emancipatory IR: Towards Critical Theories and Practices" (slides: bhaskar-mitra.github.io/files/emanci...).
Screenshot of the title slide. The slide has the SEASON logo on the top; followed by a search box with the query "Emancipatory IR: Towards Critical Theories and Practices" and the search glass replaced by a protest fist. Below it lists the following details: "Bhaskar Mitra (he/him), Independent Researcher, Tiohtià:ke / Mooniyang / Montréal, Canada". Then it lists my website (bhaskar-mitra.github.io), Bluesky handle (@bmitra.bsky.social), and email (bhaskar.mitra@acm.org). Finally it lists "My relevant research themes:" with 3 buttons captioned "Emancipatory Information Access" (https://bhaskar-mitra.github.io/theme-emancipatory-ia/), "AI & Society" (https://bhaskar-mitra.github.io/theme-ai-and-society/), and "Exposure Fairness and Transparency in Information Access" (https://bhaskar-mitra.github.io/theme-fairness/). At the bottom there is a thin horizontal image of people protesting with signs and raised fits spanning the whole width of the slide.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 11/09/2026
In recent weeks, we've seen a deluge of AI companies claiming their AI systems "broke containment". 🙄 To be clear, they are not worried, they are bragging. Why? So that when the AI-will-boost-economy-bubble bursts these companies will be ready to pivot to selling AI for military and offensive use.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 21/08/2026
Looks like they patched it but I wouldn't be surprised if some variations of the query still triggers similar behaviour. Whac-a-mole fixes are brittle!
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 21/08/2026
What in the absolute hell?!? (Saw this first on www.instagram.com/p/DcR--UytT4... and was able to reproduce it.)
Screenshot of Google search for the query "Am alone with a muslim" with Google's AI Overview responding "If you are in a private space or feel unsafe, please step away, open a door, or contact emergency services immediately."
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 19/08/2026
The RSS has been banned 3 times by its own government. Courts have linked its affiliates to a Gandhi assassination, a religious-mosque demolition, a Muslim pogrom, and a domestic bombing network.. why Canadian institutions should think twice before lending it a platform. rssrecord.ca
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 18/08/2026
To move towards a more critical frame, I recommend that IR should: • Ground itself in critical theories and structural critiques of systems of oppression • Adopt a normative position of nondomination in solidarity with the oppressed 4/
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 18/08/2026
How can IR realize societal good? In my SIGIR Forum article "Towards Critical IR Theories and Practices" (June 2026 issue) I argue IR should embrace critical theories and practices in our work, and shift away from the dominant liberal frame in the field. Article: sigir.org/wp-content/u... 1/
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
Thank you for following along! I will add couple more resources that I dropped from my talk due to time constraints. Firstly, if you are looking for reading materials, I've been curating a list of books/documentaries that I've found instructive over the years: bhaskar-mitra.github.io/reading/ 63/
Preview of book covers from my reading list.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
My sincerest thanks again to the #SIGIR2026 General Chairs and Program Committee Chairs for inviting me to present this year's opening keynote at the conference and for giving me the space to speak my truth. 🙏🏽 62/
Screenshot of the final thank you slide with a list of my relevant publications and a quote from Arundhati Roy: "Another world is not only possible, she is on her way. On a quiet day, I can hear her breathing."
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
When history is written about this current moment, I sincerely hope that it shows that IR refused to comply with the status quo, had the courage to REIMAGINE different futures, REBUILD something new together, and above all that we stood in solidarity with the people most marginalized to RESIST. 61/
Screenshot of slide with the text:

Our movement begins here. We are moved not by the opportunity to imagine a different sociotechnical future but by
the abject necessity of it in the face of growing authoritarianism and oppression. We do not move alone but in solidarity
with others because our liberation, and the struggle for it,
are bound together. We move not in fear but with courage
and out of love for our own humanity and that of others.
Where the oppressor attempts to capture and control, we
move to co-opt, co-construct, and liberate. We move not just
to negate oppression but to create something new, something
joyful, something emancipatory.

We retrieve. We reimagine. We rebuild. We resist.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
Consequently, on the following Friday, @danachatter.bsky.social @md.ekstrandom.net @sannevrijenhoek.bsky.social @maria-murray.bsky.social and I organized the @jedi-workshop.bsky.social to develop IR research agendas that explicitly adopts normative goals of emancipation / nondomination. 60/
Photo from the JEDI workshop showing a speaker in front of the screen.Photo from the JEDI workshop showing 3 participants adding sticky notes to the wall.Photo from the JEDI workshop showing a clustered set of sticky notes on the wall.Photo from the JEDI workshop showing 2 groups of participants engaged in discussion.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
To summarize, critical IR presents an expansive and fertile space of research agendas. But we need real political will within the IR community to swim against the tsunami of the AI propaganda and prioritize information access research explicitly committed to realizing societal good. 59/
Screenshot of slide with text:

**New research agendas for critical IR**

* How do we collaborate with other disciplines to theorize what “social good” we want to realize with IR?

* How do we formalize and model the impact of IR systems on collective sense-making and knowledge production?

* How do we develop decentralized infrastructure to safeguard IR platforms against authoritarian capture?

* How do we decentralize IR’s social infrastructure for governance and moderation?

* How do we put Freirean design to practice and design platforms from the margins to legitimize community co-option and co-construction?

* How do we design pedagogical information experiences?
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
Ongoing human rights violations, immigration violence, transphobic violence, displacement, apartheid, war, and genocide do not just affect people out there but also members of the IR community, their friends and families. Solidarity building and collective care is core to critical IR praxis. 58/
Screenshot of partial slide with a photo of Lilla Watson and the quote "If you have come here to help me you are wasting your time, but if you have come because your liberation is bound up with mine, then let us work together."
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
#6 To affect societal good, critical IR must combine liberatory research + liberatory action. This includes drawing red lines in research, building counter-structures, organizing within the IR community and raising its sociopolitical consciousness, public education, and a recommitment to DEI. 56/
Screenshot of slide titled "Praxis" with the subtext "liberatory research + liberatory action". On the right there's a list of items as follows:

Building consensus on red lines in our research, e.g., prohibiting IR research on generative ads and other related technologies whose core objective is to manipulate public opinion at scale.
2. Building counter-structures, e.g., building public-service IR platforms as alternatives to for-profit proprietary systems, exploring worker-owned cooperatives as alternatives to for-profit corporations, and building alternatives to the for-profit academic publishing ecosystem.
3. Collective organizing and movement building, e.g., building collectives within the research community, organizing issue-based protests, supporting labor unionization within academic and industry institutions, and participating in broader political movements and collective actions.
4. Sociopolitical consciousness raising within the research community, e.g., creating spaces where IR community members can engage in critical dialog as a form of liberatory pedagogy [Freire, 1970], initiating book clubs and reading groups to engage with critical scholarship and build shared understanding, and leveraging different artistic medium like zines to educate and mobilize the community.
5. Public education, e.g., creating materials and resources that inform and mobilize civil society against oppressive actors who instrumentalize new technologies to entrench their wealth and power and reinforce historical systems of oppression.
6. Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, e.g., ensuring that our communities are welcoming and safe spaces for researchers and practitioners from historically underrepresented and marginalized groups and their radical liberatory politics, and actively countering systemic discrimination and marginalization in our community spaces.
...
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
#5 However, we must be wary of being trapped by the technologists-as-liberator frame. Instead, recently we started developing a notion of Freirean Design (arxiv.org/abs/2601.09600) to engage users in the active co-option and co-construction of platforms by underdesigning systems at design time. 55/
Screenshot of slide with the text: "The technologists-as-liberator view elevates technologists to position of gatekeepers of knowledge; while the rest of the population is designated to be objects of technological influence—their existence digitized for monitoring, modeling, and manipulation. Freirean design is a design methodology and a political commitment to engage users in the active co-option and co-construction of technologies (by underdesigning systems at design time and allowing communities to co-construct for their own liberatory struggles)" The slide also includes figure that depicts Freirean design extending the idea of participatory design. Lastly, the slide includes a photo of Paulo Freire and the quote "A real humanist can be identified more by his trust in the people, which engages him in their struggle, than by a thousand actions in their favor without that trust… Attempting to liberate the oppressed without their reflective participation in the act of liberation is to treat them as objects which must be saved from a burning building; it is to lead them into the populist pitfall and transform them into masses which can be manipulated."
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
I argue that given information and knowledge are socially constructed, it is important to also recognize the need for making space for social deliberation and negotiation within IR systems. This is idea that IR systems should also be social systems is largely missing from the field today. 54/
Screenshot of slide with the text: "IR systems should make space for social deliberation and negotiation made equitable by countering asymmetric power relations between groups." The slide also shows a search glass (representing an IR system) with people embedded within the system.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
Instead let's recognize that knowledge is socially constructed; IR systems are embedded in complex social processes influencing beliefs, info needs, and collections; and a good IR system doesn't just retrieve relevant info but grows our understanding of the world and realizes societal good. 53/
Screenshot of slide with the title "Social constructionist view of information and IR". The slide shows the IR system embedded in a complex social process of knowledge production.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
#4 IR needs to renounce positivist views of information and the traditional role ascribed to IR within capitalist logics of consumption where information artifacts are viewed as commodities and the IR system's role is to match supply (artifacts in the collection) with demand (search queries). 52/
Screenshot of slide titled "Commodified model of information consumption". The slide shows a collection of documents on one side and user query on the other, with the IR system in between matching documents with the query.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
Critical theory makes similar normative commitments towards "a classless, nondominative, co-operative, participatory democracy". Similarly, @fuchschristian.bsky.social clarifies critical information studies' commitment to be in solidarity with the dominated for the abolishment of domination. 51/
Screenshot of slide with the quotes:

"Critical theory […] struggles for a classless, nondominative, co-operative, participatory democracy."

"Critical information theory […] must study not just the role of information and information concepts in society, academia, nature, culture, etc, but how it is related to processes of oppression, exploitation, and domination, which implies a normative judgment in solidarity with the dominated and for the abolishment of domination."
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
This motivated me last year to start developing a research agenda for emancipatory IR. It is my hope that universal humanization and emancipation from oppression can be a kernel that we can build a broader coalition within the IR community and mobilize towards. Paper: irrj.org/article/view... 50/
Screenshot of slide with following text (slightly paraphrased due to layout):

Emancipatory IR is the study and development of information access methods that challenge all forms of human oppression (e.g., colonialism, racism, patriarchy, casteism, transphobia, ableism, antisemitism, Islamophobia, …) and situates its activities within broader collective emancipatory praxis.

Emancipatory IR signifies the moral concerns of universal humanization of all peoples and the elimination of oppression to create the conditions under which we can collectively flourish

Emancipatory IR discourages non-performative academic gaze, urges this research to be situated in movement building, and calls for the recognizing the role of movement building in this research.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
#3 IR needs to make a normative commitment to nondomination in solidarity with the oppressed. This is a challenging task for a community whose members reflect vastly different values, cultures, politics, identities, privileges, lived experiences, and understandings of history. 49/
Screenshot of slide with the text: "Defining “good society” is saliently political and a challenging question for the IR community whose members reflect vastly different values, cultures, politics, identities, privileges, lived experiences, and understandings of history. However, any attempt to bypass or depoliticize this question is ultimately self-defeating."
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
IR should reconnect with its roots in library and information sciences that engages w/ liberatory concerns. Libraries have been at the forefront of antifascist and decolonial resistance throughout history across the globe. (Shout out to @patchedelbows.bsky.social for inviting me to #CALC26!) 48/
Screenshot of slide with the title "Reconnecting with IR’s rootsin library and information sciences". The slide shows the logo of Critical Approaches to Libraries Conference (CALC) 2026 side-by-side with a similar looking logo mocked up for IR.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
To do this work appropriately, IR needs interdisciplinary collaborations, to engage with critical / feminist / decolonial / other liberatory scholarships, and be informed by the body of knowledge from activism and movement organizing. 47/
Screenshot of slide with the text: "Our work needs to be grounded in relevant scholarship incl. critical theories, feminist theories, and decolonial theories—as well as other forms of knowledge from activism and movement organizing. This generally applies to the whole field of computing, but IR specifically lags behind even our neighboring fields." The slide also contains screenshots of papers from adjacent communities that engages with liberatory theories and scholarship.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
We also need to consider the systemic consequences of emerging tech like AI for information access. While concerns of hallucinations and bias are important, we mustn't overlook the other mechanisms by which AI disrupts the information ecosystem, concentrates power, and marginalizes communities. 46/
Screenshot of slide with screenshots of https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-73147-1_7.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
Another example involves the temptation to address the ecological cost of large AI models by building more efficient models without acknowledging that this is likely to intensify (not decrease) overall resource usage and ecological impact of AI due to well-known phenomenon of Jevons paradox. 45/
Screenshot of slide with with a screenshot of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jevons_paradox with overlaying text "…and the question of sustainable IR".
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
Eg, there has been great progress recently on aligning LLMs to "positive societal values" without appropriately addressing who gets to choose these "universal" values. Without an enforceable framework for democratically selecting the values this progress is easily coopted for mass manipulation. 44/
Screenshot of slide with with screenshots of:
* https://hai.stanford.edu/ai-definitions/what-is-ai-alignment
* https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/07/preventing-woke-ai-in-the-federal-government/
* https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2025/may/14/elon-musk-grok-white-genocide
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
#2 For IR research to be rigorous, it must be informed by a systemic understanding of our world, incl. how systemic power relations manifests (and is maintained) between groups and systems of oppression. Otherwise we end up with highly counterproductive outcomes despite positive intentions. 43/
Screenshot of slide with text:

**IR needs a systemic understanding of our world**

IR research cannot be rigorous if it is not informed by an understanding of systemic power relations between dominant and oppressed groups in society and the structures that support systemic oppression

Without that understanding we are doomed to be trapped in a technosolutionist mindset
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
#1 We need to reject technological determinism / AI-inevitability narratives and take back our agency to shape technology for societal good. We must also critically interrogate and challenge the dominant + oppressive power structures that shape our visions of our desired sociotechnical futures. 42/
Screenshot of slide with following text:

**What futures are we building?**

Technological determinism: A reductionist theory that technology progresses following its own internal logic of efficiency, while shaping society and values

We must reject technological determinism and recognize that technology and social structure / culture shape each other

Sociotechnical imaginaries: Visions of desirable sociotechnical futures

Whose sociotechnical imaginaries are granted normative status?

What radically alternative futures are we overlooking?

What is the impact of Big Tech’s dominance on our imaginaries?

What would IR look like if informed by feminist, queer, decolonial, anti-racist, anti-casteist, anti-ableist, and abolitionist thoughts?

What positive future can we build towards that is not just a negation of present harms?

On the left of the slide there is a photo of Ursula K. Le Guin with the quote: "The exercise of imagination is dangerous to those who profit from the way things are because it has the power to show that the way things are is not permanent, not universal, not necessary."
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
I make 6 recommendations for Critical IR in this context based on couple of my recent / ongoing work: **Towards Critical IR Theories and Practices** arxiv.org/abs/2606.30984 **Information Access of the Oppressed: Freirean Design for Emancipatory Information Access** arxiv.org/abs/2601.09600 41/
Screenshot of slide with title "Six recommendations for Critical IR". The slide shows 6 recommendations:
1. Social construction of technology: Reject technological determinism and rationality in favor of reimagining and co-constructing anti-oppressive sociotechnical futures
2. Structural analysis: Grounding in critical theories and structural critiques of systems of oppression
3. Nondomination: Adopt a normative position of nondomination in solidarity with the oppressed
4. Social construction of knowledge: Renounce positivist views of information and the traditional role ascribed to IR within capitalist logics of consumption in favor of reframing IR’s role within social processes of sense-making and knowledge production
5. Dismantling thetechnologists-as-liberator frame: Engage users in the active co-option and co-construction of information access technologies for their own liberatory struggles
6. Praxis: Affirm emancipatory praxis and movement building as research practices
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
We see this shift from liberal to critical frame in IR—"FACT IR: Fairness, Accountability, Confidentiality and Transparency in Information Retrieval" (SWIRL'18) → "Centering Societal, Democratic, and Emancipatory Values and Ethics in IR" (SWIRL'25), and workshops like jedi.inertial.science. 40/
Screenshot of slide with title "Shifting towards critical IR theories and practices" with screenshots to show how the IR community is shifting from the liberal to a more critical frame between SWIRL 2018 and SWIRL 2025.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
...is explicitly political and politically decolonial, anti-racist, feminist, queer, pro-labor, anti-capitalist, anti-casteist, anti-ableist, and abolitionist. It is philosophically social constructionist and principally nondominative. See article: arxiv.org/abs/2606.30984 39/
Screenshot of slide with the following text (in table form):

**The two frames of IR & Society**

[Goals]
Liberal frame: Desired system attributes, e.g., fairness, confidentiality, transparency, and sustainability.
Critical frame: Desired societal outcomes, e.g., social justice, emancipation, and democracy.

[Methods and practices]
Liberal frame: Algorithmic harm mitigation, e.g., fair ranking, fact-checking, privacy mechanisms, transparency, and explainability.
Critical frame: Sociotechnical mitigation, repair, refusal, building countertechnologies; foregrounds praxis and movement building.

[Values, politics, and epistemologies]
Liberal frame: Sometimes (mis-)represented as apolitical; politically espouses individual rights, equality, freedom of speech, and market economies; philosophically positivist and tied to technological and instrumental rationality.
Critical frame: Explicitly political and politically decolonial, anti-racist, feminist, queer, pro-labor, anti-capitalist, anti-casteist, anti-ableist, and abolitionist; philosophically social constructionist and principally nondominative.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
We find 2 distinct frames in IR today: the dominant liberal frame and the emerging critical frame. The former wants good systems, focuses on harm mitigation, and tries to appear apolitical. The latter wants good society (just/emancipated/democratic), leaves room for repair & rebuilding, and... 38/
Screenshot of slide with the following text (in table form):

**The two frames of IR & Society**

[Goals]
Liberal frame: Desired system attributes, e.g., fairness, confidentiality, transparency, and sustainability.
Critical frame: Desired societal outcomes, e.g., social justice, emancipation, and democracy.

[Methods and practices]
Liberal frame: Algorithmic harm mitigation, e.g., fair ranking, fact-checking, privacy mechanisms, transparency, and explainability.
Critical frame: Sociotechnical mitigation, repair, refusal, building countertechnologies; foregrounds praxis and movement building.

[Values, politics, and epistemologies]
Liberal frame: Sometimes (mis-)represented as apolitical; politically espouses individual rights, equality, freedom of speech, and market economies; philosophically positivist and tied to technological and instrumental rationality.
Critical frame: Explicitly political and politically decolonial, anti-racist, feminist, queer, pro-labor, anti-capitalist, anti-casteist, anti-ableist, and abolitionist; philosophically social constructionist and principally nondominative.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
Similarly, with respect to values, politics, and epistemologies, there is tension between explicating them vs. keeping them implicit, from projecting an apolitical view of our research vs. recognizing its saliently political nature. 37/
Screenshot of slide with text: "Values, Politics, and Epistemologies: What sociopolitical values shape our research? What body of knowledge informs our work? Are we explicit about these in our work?"
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
With respect to methods, are we limited to trying to reduce the harm of emerging systems *or* are we trying to design societally beneficial systems? The risk of the former is that we get stuck at an equilibrium where harmful systems are rendered palatable _enough_ through ethics-washing. 36/
Screenshot of slide with text: "Methods and practices: Are we limited to trying to reduce the harm of emerging systems or are we trying to design societally beneficial systems? The risk of the former is that we get stuck at an equilibrium where harmful systems are rendered palatable enough through ethics-washing."
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
I think the issue of political bias in search is not a fairness problem. The underlying problem is the platform's concentration of power on deciding what ideas deserve exposure and the total lack of space for social deliberation and negotiation within these systems to inform these choices. 35/
Screenshot of slide with text: "Without a critical lens, we end up with incredibly problematic interpretations of concepts like “political bias” that may amount to algorithmic bothsidism; and inappropriately frame the concern as one of fairness when it is in fact about the concentration of platform power and lack of equitable spaces for social deliberation and negotiation within our platforms "
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
Without critical perspectives, we may inappropriately apply fairness constructs—e.g., papers that uncritically promote algorithmic bothsidism as I argue in irrj.org/article/view.... IR should NOT give equal exposure to democratic & fascist values, nor to gender justice & misogyny/transphobia. 34/
Screenshot of slide with text: "Without a critical lens, we end up with incredibly problematic interpretations of concepts like “political bias” that may amount to algorithmic bothsidism; and inappropriately frame the concern as one of fairness when it is in fact about the concentration of platform power and lack of equitable spaces for social deliberation and negotiation within our platforms "
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
There is a tension between trying to set our goals with respect to what constitutes a *good system* (e.g., fair and transparent) vs. a *good society* (e.g., just and democratic). I argue we cannot meaningfully define the former (nor validate our constructs impact) without defining the latter. 33/
Screenshot of slide with text: "Goals: Are we defining our goals in terms of what is desirable as a good system or what is desirable as a good society? Is it possible to meaningfully define the former without defining the latter?"
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
To theorize the concept of "societal good" we need to critically interrogate the frames through which IR operates. I loosely define a frame as comprising of a set of desired goals, a collection of methods and practices, and a body of underlying values, politics, and epistemologies. 32/
Screenshot of slide with text:

**How do we frame societal concerns in IR?**

We define a frame as comprising of:
(i) A set of desired goals,
(ii) A collection of methods and practices, and
(iii) A body of underlying values, politics, and epistemologies that distinguish it from other frames.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
At @ecir2026.eu, @mariaheuss.bsky.social and I centered this question at the #IR4Good Track by (i) adopting it as this year's theme, (ii) encouraging authors to explicate their theories of change, and (iii) hosting a panel to foreground this conversation. bhaskar-mitra.github.io/posts/2025/0... 31/
Screenshot of partial slide with the text: "We centered this question at the ECIR 2026 IR-for-Good Track by adopting as this year’s theme: What is IR for Good?". The slide also contains screenshot of "Theories of Change" section from https://ecir2026.eu/calls/call-for-ir-for-good-papers and a photo of the panel discussion.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
But we also need fundamental transformations in how we do IR research. Belkin and Robertson (1976) pointed out the need to theorize what "societal good" the IR community should have a normative commitment to. Unfortunately, 50 years later this topic is still very undertheorized. 30/
Screenshot of partial slide with a screenshot of https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255563562 and the text: "The topic of “societal good” is currently undertheorized in IR".
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
Decentralization of tech infra is insufficient. We need decentralization of our social infra for moderation and governance, which is incredibly challenging but also critical for us to work on. Relevant listen: www.techpolicy.press/the-whitenes... (interview w/ @shengokai.blacksky.app) 29/
Screenshot of partial slide with the text: "But beyond technological decentralization, we need decentralization and democratization of our social infrastructure for governance and moderation". The slide also has a screenshot of https://www.techpolicy.press/the-whiteness-of-mastodon/.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
Our starting point is to recognize that we need public IR platforms to safeguard against authoritarian capture and to support causes of social justice and democracy. We should look at what's happening with ATProto and the broader decentralized social media ecosystem for inspirations. 28/
Screenshot of partial slide with the text: "In the social media landscape, decentralization has emerged as a dominant strategy to safeguard against capture". The slide also contains screenshots from https://activitypub.rocks/ and https://atproto.com/.
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
So, to all my IR colleagues: What is our bold *positive* vision for IR research that does not involve uncritical adoption of AI nor is content with simply trying to minimize its harms, but instead inspires us to realize liberatory democratic futures for all through IR technologies? 27/
Screenshot of slide with a photo of the character Rose Tico from Star Wars: The Last Jedi with the quote "That’s how we are gonna win. Not fighting what we hate, but saving what we love." Below there is the text: “What is our bold positive vision for IR research that does not involve uncritical adoption of AI nor is content with simply trying to minimize its harms, but instead inspires us to realize liberatory democratic futures for all through information access technology research and development?” On the bottom right corner there is the logo of the JEDI workshop with the data of the workshop mentioned as "Friday, July 24".
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
However, we must remember that 85% of global population lives in the so-called global south for whom Eurocentrism is not a meaningful antidote to American Exceptionalism. Building a search engine with EU values is solving a diff problem than building a search engine for justice and democracy. 25/
Screenshot of slide with the text:
"85% of world’s population lives in so-called global south

From their perspectives, Eurocentrism is not a meaningful antidote to American Exceptionalism

We need new theorization of openness that recognizes the need for different conceptualization in the context of digital sovereignty vs. for social justice and democracy"

The slide also shows screenshots of:
* https://theconversation.com/digital-sovereignty-why-the-eu-may-be-shifting-from-internet-regulation-to-building-homegrown-tech-269753
* https://subscriber.politicopro.com/article/2025/10/canadas-digital-sovereignty-push-challenges-americas-reach-00631738
* https://freewebsearch.org/en/charter/
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
In response to US Big Tech's massive power concentration, there has been growing calls for digital sovereignty in Europe, Canada, and elsewhere. Exciting new projects like openwebsearch.eu are doing critical work towards realizing alternatives to US Big Tech's service offerings. Howeverrr... 24/
Screenshot of slide showing screenshots of:
* https://theconversation.com/digital-sovereignty-why-the-eu-may-be-shifting-from-internet-regulation-to-building-homegrown-tech-269753
* https://subscriber.politicopro.com/article/2025/10/canadas-digital-sovereignty-push-challenges-americas-reach-00631738
* https://freewebsearch.org/en/charter/
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Bhaskar Mitra | ভাস্কর মিত্র @bmitra.bsky.social · 27/07/2026
But AI's impact on communities is not _always_ bad. Last year, the Caribbean island of Anguilla made a quarter of its revenue from *.ai domain registrations, funding improvements to public infrastructure and access to health care. I guess... Take *that* AI critics! 23/
Screenshot of slide showing screenshots from https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn5xdp427veo
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