Put Open Source front and centre: APELL’s reaction to the publication of the #PublicProcurement Act and European #InnovationAct proposals. apell.info/2026/09/16/public-procur…
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Put Open Source front and centre: Public Procurement Act and European Innovation Act proposals
Last Wednesday (9 September 2026), the European Commission published its proposal for the _Public Procurement Act_ , alongside a new _European Innovation Act_. APELL welcomes the proposals as signs in the right direction: public procurement is a lever for more autonomy in particular in the ICT sector, and **with Open Source, allows Europe to grow its digital sovereignty by leaps and bounds**.
While the proposed procurement framework is broader than only ICT procurement, it has improved the possibility for the public sector to shift investments to Open Source, which contributes to public policy targets, in particular:
* making public investment **more economically sustainable** ,
* giving public sector **more agency in choosing service providers** , including local ones,
* making **solutions available for sharing and re-use** by other public sector bodies,
* **contributing to European digital sovereignty**.
### Priority 1: Open Source over price
The freedom to choose a service provider is implicit with the Open Source license freedoms. However, _with this great power comes the great responsibility_ to make sure that investments also contribute to the _sustainability and maintenance of the supply chain_. Therefore, procurement needs to **move beyond price as the main priority** and design award criteria so that a vendor's expertise, reliability, past and present contribution to the health of underlying Open Source projects are taken into account.
### Priority 2: Legal certainty and practical guidance for buyers
Procurement officials _want_ to purchase Open Source. Many succeed, but some struggle. While it has been demonstrated repeatedly (see exemplary court cases on the right) that requiring or prioritising Open Source solutions in tenders is legal and possible in different European jurisdictions, procurers may **lack legal certainty and experience** in designing tenders to give preference specifically where this is justified by a product or service provided under Open Source licence, and where it contributes to broader policy goals, in particular digital sovereignty.
We therefore recommend that the Commission further **encourage cross-border collaboration** , and to further **facilitate joint bids**. The **Public Procurement Act should be annexed with award and selection criteria** favouring _open_ digital sovereignty with Open Source. Such Annexes should lay down **award and selection criteria** following our suggestions made in the public consultation to the Cloud and AI Development Act and in the referenced OSBA selection criteria paper.
### Court rulings in EU Member States have confirmed the legality of mandating Open Source in public tenders
* Contracting authorities can use **technical specifications** to require software/services be based on Open Source technology, licensed under an Open Source license, or be compliant with open standards and enabling access to and re-use of source code.
* They can score offers higher from vendors that contribute to the maintenance and sustainability of the ecosystem and that provide such source code access, avoid vendor lock-in and enable re-use across authorities, or demonstrate participation in the ecosystem in **award criteria**.
* Authorities can use **performance or service requirements** to require source code be modifiable by third parties or supported by a diverse ecosystem of integrators and maintainers.
MAO 516/20 (Finland): City of Vantaa: Service procurement for vantaa.fi website, https://finlex.fi/fi/oikeus/mao/2020/20200516
MAO 559/18 (Finland): Cities of Mikkeli, Turku, Kouvola, etc.: Establishing a company (Koha-Suomi Oy) for the purpose of procurement, https://finlex.fi/fi/oikeus/mao/2018/20180559
MAO 580/16 (Finland): Kuntien Tiera Oy: Requirement in the procurement for using the open-source software oskari.org as a technical component, https://finlex.fi/fi/oikeus/mao/2016/20160580
Conseil d'État, 30.9.2011, 350431 (France): Regional administration of Picardy, https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/ceta/id/CETATEXT000025822155/
Case NO 122, 22.3.2010, Corte costituzionale (Italy): Government of Italy, https://www.cortecostituzionale.it/actionSchedaPronuncia.do?anno=2010&numero=122
### Putting Open Source front and centre
APELL welcomes the approach the Commission has proposed last week, **putting Open Source front and centre** in the Public Procurement Act on the one hand, and increasing the capability for Europe to **invest in the research and development of innovative technology** with the European Innovation Act, on the other.
Open Source businesses deliver solutions that **build the solid foundation for innovation** in our digital public infrastructure, and that next-generation ICT professionals and entrepreneurs can build upon. By way of an Open Source licence, buyers receive the freedoms to _use, study, share, and improve_ a procured solution.
_(Title photo credit: Colorful paper clips: Dietmar Rabich,CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons)_